Habit is a kind of strength and energy. Invisible and intangible, but it does exist and really works. Good habits make children go involuntarily.
There is a story that a person's stable appetite is a bowl of rice. How to increase this person's stable appetite to two bowls after one year?
Plan 1: Tell this person that your task is to increase the amount of food to two bowls after one year, and then increase the amount of food every day in a planned way, such as strengthening physical exercise after meals, and finally complete the task.
Option 2: Tell this person that you must finish the task, or there will be no food. Then this person must work hard to finish the task, or he can eat three bowls of rice.
Option 3: Don't tell this person the task, just add 10 grain of rice to his bowl every day when eating, and adjust it dynamically according to his digestive feedback at any time. A year later, he also completed the task.
All three schemes have completed their tasks, but after three years, there will be different reactions: the people in the first two schemes will return to the original bowl of rice. Why? The first one needs to lose weight; The second is to continue to eat a bowl of rice, because the task has been completed. Only the third kind can never be changed, because he has become a habit, which he thinks is a normal physiological phenomenon during his growth. At present, many of our teachers choose the second scheme to solve the problems that students encounter in actual education and teaching. They often warn students that if they don't study hard, they won't be admitted to college, so they can't go to college. Everyone is studying hard in the first scheme, and the third scheme is the truly scientific way to be a teacher. As a child's first teacher, we should know how to subtly cultivate students to replace bad habits with good habits. When we accumulate more good habits, we will naturally have a good life.
In the usual teaching, it is not difficult to find that good study habits are always accompanied by students with excellent grades, while students with bullying, laziness, cat gluttony, stubbornness, procrastination and carelessness are always wandering in the middle and lower reaches. It can be seen that study habits have a great influence on students' academic performance. Primary school is a critical period for children to form various good study habits. Pupils have a strong plasticity in learning from teachers, and it is easy to form all kinds of good habits and get infected with all kinds of bad habits. Therefore, it is very important to cultivate students' good study habits and correct their bad habits in a planned and purposeful way from childhood.
Then, in primary school mathematics teaching, what study habits should we cultivate and how should we cultivate them? Next, I want to communicate with you from three aspects.
First, study habits in class.
Classroom is the main battlefield for students to learn and cultivate their study habits. If good study habits are formed in the classroom, students can master knowledge more easily and the teaching quality will be improved obviously. First of all, in class, we should cultivate students' good habit of previewing before class. Pre-class preparation includes knowledge preparation and material preparation. Knowledge preparation means doing a good preview, which is something we often want to do but can't do well. Especially in primary school art, we sometimes assign preview tasks and collect data. Some students don't look for it at all when they go home, and some parents even say that it is enough to preview something in art class. Therefore, we changed our strategy. We can use two wonderful minutes to let students show the information related to this lesson and let other students know something. Or use 1-2 minutes after class to let students browse the content of this lesson, so that students can know fairly well, communicate with what students know, get ready, and don't fight unprepared battles.
The so-called physical preparation means that before class, students are required to put things used in class, such as markers, glue sticks, scissors, etc., in a certain position on the desk. As soon as the bell rang, they quickly walked into the classroom, sat quietly in the classroom, quickly entered the learning state, and waited for the teacher to come to class. Although I always remind my classmates what tools to bring, some students still bring tools to class. For junior students, I will let them know that it is embarrassing to borrow things from others without tools, so that they can learn to communicate and help others. For a few particularly naughty students who don't bring tools every time, they will arrange "little teachers" to use the time after class to urge them to prepare supplies for the next class and have a good rest on their desks. After half a year's persistence, the effect is remarkable, the children's sense of responsibility has been strengthened, and the phenomenon of idleness has obviously disappeared. Every child has learned to listen to the bell and prepare. Those naughty students also like art class very much and wait for me in the classroom early.
Secondly, we should form the good habit of listening carefully in class.
In class, we will definitely ask students to listen carefully, but some students just don't listen carefully in class, which is related to the inattention of primary school students and restricted by age characteristics, which we can't change. Therefore, if students want to listen carefully, they should start from the teacher himself. In classroom teaching, we should do the following: ① reasonably allocate teaching time, adopt various teaching methods, and use vivid language and intuitive teaching to attract students' attention. (2) Starting from students' reality, grasp the difficulties in students' study and explain them in simple terms so that students can understand. (3) Pay attention to arouse and maintain students' enthusiasm for learning, not to stimulate students' language, and be amiable in teaching. This kind of problem often occurs in my art class. Most students can listen carefully when I give lectures, but they can't when other students answer questions. Many students began to discuss. He doesn't listen to what others say. Is it the same as his own? In this case, I often use the form of retelling to let children talk about what they have just heard, or retell the teacher's language, so that students can communicate information, learn from each other's strengths and learn to respect others.
Third, get into the habit of asking questions. The relationship between teachers and students should be truly kind and equal, so that students will not be "afraid" of teachers. Students will ask questions only if they dare to question. On the one hand, it shows that students have a clear understanding of the content of learning, on the other hand, they can solve difficult problems in class without accumulating over time. Teachers should pay attention to discovering and grasping the doubts and difficulties among students. And encourage students to ask questions in time, organize and guide students to discuss and solve these difficult problems, and give full affirmation and praise to students who ask questions on their own initiative or solve difficult problems independently. I remember that when Mr. Zhou came to the school last year, Grade Two student Tang left a deep impression on the teacher who attended the class. At that time, there were more than 20 teachers behind, and the students were very courageous and devoted to their studies. In class, they took the initiative to say to me, "Teacher, I have a better way to solve this problem." He dared to challenge the teacher, and I praised him at that time. He is very clever, and his ideas are always different. He always looks at the problem comprehensively. After class, Mr. Zhou said that the student was good and he dared to challenge the teacher. The teacher who was listening to the class at that time suddenly stopped attracting him, which worried you, but the method that the student said was really good. Students should not only learn, but also dare to ask, both learning and asking. Only in this way can our class be wonderful.
Second, study habits during homework. Completing homework is the most basic and frequent learning practice for students. Often one or two classes of homework have not been finished, and orders must be handed in after class. The homework handed in after class is a mess. At this time, we are puzzled: quality or speed? The requirements for homework can be measured by three levels: neatness, highlighting the theme, seriousness and golden ideas. "Clean and tidy, highlighting the theme" is the most basic requirement. Only by highlighting the theme can the homework be clean and tidy, which always gives people a very comfortable feeling. . "Painting very carefully", some students do have some shortcomings in modeling, but he paints very carefully and can't reach the level of those good students, but he takes every class seriously. I think he did a good job. I think he is a good student. I will teach him some skills after class so that he can draw better works. "Golden idea" is a higher level requirement for the purpose of homework. Such students are always eye-catching, with particularly good ideas, and can always draw something different from others. I won't ask too much of such a student, because I am afraid of limiting his imagination. I will encourage him to express his feelings according to his own ideas.
Third, several problems that should be paid attention to in the cultivation of study habits
Good study habits can not be developed overnight, but a process from simple to complex. Therefore, according to the age characteristics of students, the specific situation of teaching and the needs of ability growth, concrete and feasible requirements should be put forward step by step, so that their good study habits can develop steadily from small to large.
First, habit training is persistent. "Habit is like a cable. We wrap a new rope around it every day, and it won't be long before it becomes unbreakable. " This metaphor is very vivid and wise. It compares habit to a rope, and every time it is repeated, it is equivalent to winding a rope for it. Obviously, every day, the rope will get thicker and thicker, and finally one day, it will be unbreakable. According to the research of American scientists, it takes 2 1 day to form a habit. The key is decided in the first three days and one month. I think this is just an average, just different habits. Everyone's seriousness and efforts are different, and the time spent is definitely different. In the process of training, our teacher should grasp it again and again. Don't be discouraged by new bad habits, but be patient and self-disciplined until they are completely eliminated.
Second, put an end to the phenomenon of "5+2=0". Before the five-day school's educational achievements and habits can be consolidated, they may disappear in the two days of the weekend due to various unfavorable factors. The survey found that the phenomenon of "5+2=0" accounts for a considerable proportion, especially in rural areas, which is more common. There are both students with poor grades and students with good grades, so we must attach great importance to them. To put an end to this phenomenon, we must constantly strengthen students' ideological education and seek help from parents and society. I want to talk about this as a parent, because my child is in the second grade and usually does well in school, but by the weekend, all the rules have been disrupted, and he has completely relaxed himself and lowered his requirements. At this point, I still haven't done enough. I usually let her get into the mood on Friday night, rearrange her thoughts, sort out what she should remember and rewrite it in case of Monday. Therefore, parents must cooperate with the teacher to get rid of the bad habits at school and don't let him throw them away easily.
Third, overall development and mutual promotion. Besides study habits, there are many good habits to be cultivated, such as living habits, hygiene habits, working habits and so on. They all come from students' study life and are closely related. For example, once a student develops good living habits, it creates conditions for him to form good hygiene habits, work habits and study habits. It is difficult for a person to form the habit of being careful in daily life. Therefore, to cultivate students' good study habits, we should not fight alone, but should not only combine with good living habits and hygiene habits, but also promote each other and develop together with schools and families.
"Sow an action and reap a habit; Sow a habit and reap a character; Sow a character and reap a destiny. In other words, habits can determine a person's fate. " It is the responsibility of every teacher to cultivate students' good study habits, let them learn to study, seek knowledge, explore, think and distinguish, unconsciously shape students' good character, correct students' psychological and behavioral deviations, effectively cultivate students' habits in all aspects, and let students grow up healthily and happily. As long as each of our teachers "does not abandon or give up" on each student, I believe that each of our students will have a good study habit.