The following is my comprehensive analysis of the causes and solutions of polarization:
First, the problems arising from students
1, weak interest in learning mathematics and weak willingness to learn are the main factors causing differentiation.
For students who have just entered the third year of senior high school, their enthusiasm for learning mainly depends on their interest in learning and their perseverance in overcoming learning difficulties. However, I found that most students have no enthusiasm or weak enthusiasm for mathematics learning, and those with weak interest have poor academic performance. We know that learning will is a psychological activity to overcome difficulties in order to achieve learning goals, and it is an important manifestation of learning initiative. It is related to constantly overcoming learning difficulties. Compared with junior high school, mathematics in senior high school is more difficult, teaching methods have changed greatly, teachers' guidance has decreased, and students' autonomy in learning has increased, which requires students to have certain adaptability. Due to the different adaptability, some students shrink back or even lose confidence when encountering difficulties and setbacks, which leads to the decline of academic performance and the differentiation of learning.
2. The learning methods of senior one students are not suitable for senior high school mathematics learning, which is the main factor causing the differentiation.
Senior one students have formed fixed and single learning methods and habits in junior high school for three years. They listen attentively in class and finish the homework assigned by the teacher after class. But in class, I am very satisfied. The teacher has chewed "knowledge" very carefully and won't let the students hear the "doorway". Lack of positive thinking; When encountering problems, I don't think, I hope the teacher will explain the whole problem-solving process, and I lack the ability of self-study and special research; There are also some students who think that they can relax their requirements after being admitted to high school. Senior high school mathematics requires students to think independently, make strict logical reasoning and argumentation, and have the ability to draw inferences from others. Can have strong self-study ability and form good thinking habits. These requirements are very difficult for freshmen who have just entered school. Therefore, most students can't adapt to high school mathematics learning quickly, which leads to learning differentiation.
Second, the problems arising from teachers
Classroom teaching is the main channel for students to learn. Some teachers' teaching methods are single and inflexible, and they only pay attention to imparting knowledge and not to cultivating ability. They did not properly grasp the core objectives of teaching activities, the teaching process and the allocation of teaching time. Teachers should prepare teaching materials, teaching designs, problems, teaching AIDS and learning tools, and more importantly, despise students who prepare lessons, which is also a common problem for teachers in teaching. Most teachers have the same problem, that is, they prefer students with good grades, but they have some bad views and practices on underachievers. This is actually a very bad phenomenon. Some students find it difficult to improve in all aspects, which will only make polarization more obvious.
Third, the convergence of junior and senior high school textbooks.
Junior high school mathematics knowledge is little, shallow, easy and narrow. High school mathematics knowledge is extensive, which is the promotion, extension and perfection of junior high school mathematics knowledge. Junior high school textbooks focus on the operation in the set of real numbers, lacking the strict definition of concepts, the strict demonstration of mathematical theorems, or giving them in the form of axioms without proof, and the lack of rigorous reasoning and demonstration; The slope of the textbook is gentle and intuitive. Great changes have taken place in the content of the new textbook since it was used. The new textbook integrates modern mathematics content and simplifies and integrates the traditional high school mathematics content. The teaching content will increase and the teaching difficulty will be greatly improved. Some contents are still out of touch in the textbooks of high school and junior high school. About ten contents such as cubic sum and difference and cross multiplication in junior high school have not been learned or are relatively shallow, but high school has to face these problems from the beginning, which also promotes polarization. To solve the above problems, we should strengthen mathematics teaching and take effective measures to prevent polarization:
(1) Freshmen and teachers should change roles as soon as possible. For freshmen teachers, we should strengthen and guide them to change their roles and concepts under the guidance of teachers, master the correct mathematics learning methods, and adapt to mathematics teaching in senior one as soon as possible. At the same time, our teachers should learn more, communicate more, make effective use of modern resources, strengthen their own learning, improve themselves, and become an excellent learner, researcher, guide, collaborator and promoter as soon as possible.
(2) Teachers should actively stimulate students' interest in learning, constantly improve teaching methods, improve teaching level, and try their best to make the classroom lively and interesting, and fully mobilize students' enthusiasm. Teachers must carefully study teaching materials and teaching methods when preparing before class, adhere to the principle of gradual progress, intensive teaching and more practice, and have a sense of being ahead of schedule. Help students build up confidence, set up lofty ideals and be prepared to overcome difficulties. Teachers should be good at using modern teaching AIDS to create a good environment for students and stimulate their interest in learning mathematics.
(3) Establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students. Students' interest in a certain subject is closely related to their learning emotions. They often rationally think that a certain subject is not important and can't learn well. They often give up studying a certain subject because they don't like being teachers. Harmonious teacher-student relationship is an important factor to ensure and promote learning. In particular, we should give enthusiastic guidance to underachievers, sincerely help them, encourage them in spirit and guide them in learning methods, so as to establish their self-confidence and improve their learning ability.
The above is my humble opinion on the causes and countermeasures of "polarization" of senior high school students. I believe that through the joint efforts and mutual exchanges between teachers and students, high school mathematics teaching will certainly achieve good results and the phenomenon of "polarization" will certainly be improved.