Introduction to the Four Mathematicians in Song and Yuan Dynasties 1, Qin
Qin (1208- 1268), an ancient China native (now Anyue County, Ziyang), was originally from Lujun. A famous mathematician in the Southern Song Dynasty, together with Ye Li, Yang Hui and Zhu Shijie, he was called the Four Masters of Mathematics in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. He studies astrology, rhythm, arithmetic, poetry, bows, swords and architecture. He was a magistrate in Qiongzhou and was later demoted. He died in Meizhou, and completed Shu Shu Jiu Zhang in 1247, which made this arithmetic book of Song Dynasty occupy a prominent position in the history of medieval mathematics.
2. Ye Li
Ye Li (1 192- 1279), formerly known as Li Zhi, was born in Luancheng, Jin Dynasty. He used to be the governor of Zhou Jun (now Yuxian County, Henan Province). Zhou Jun was attacked by Mongols in 1232, so he went to school in seclusion. He was hired by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu as a bachelor of Hanlin. 1248 was written in "Circular Sea Mirror", the main purpose of which was to explain the method of arranging equations with astronomical elements.
3. Yang Hui
Yang Hui (about 1238—— about 1298) was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He was an outstanding mathematician and mathematics educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. He used to be a local administrative officer in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his footprints were all over Suzhou and Hangzhou. He has made great contributions to summarizing agile algorithms such as folk multiplication, division, "superposition", vertical and horizontal diagrams, and mathematics education. He is the first mathematician in the world to draw a rich vertical and horizontal map and discuss its composition law.
4. Zhu Shijie
Zhu Shijie was from the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Shijie (1249- 13 14), a native of Yanshan (present-day Beijing), was a mathematician and educator in the Yuan Dynasty, and engaged in mathematics education all his life. It has the reputation of "the greatest mathematician in the medieval world".
The writings of the four great mathematicians in Song and Yuan Dynasties 1, and Qin's works 18, 8 1 title are divided into nine categories.
2. Ye Li's works include Round Sea Mirror 12, An Ancient Story 3, Pan Shuo 40 and Bi Shu Cong Jian 12.
3. Yang Hui's works include Volume 12 of Detailed Explanation of Algorithms in Chapter 9, Volume 2 of Daily Algorithms, Volume 3 of Multiplication and Division Method, Volume 2 of Fast Multiplication and Division by Field-Mu Comparison Method, and Volume 2 of Algorithm for Taking Odds from the Past.
4. Zhu Shijie's works include 3 volumes of Arithmetic Enlightenment and 3 volumes of Siyuan Encounter.
The main achievement of the four great mathematicians in Song and Yuan Dynasties was 65,438+0. In 65,438+0,274, Qin successfully completed the book Shu Shu Jiu Zhang. Among them, the techniques of "seeking one skill by wide extension" and "seeking product by three inclines" are of great significance to the world.
2. Ye Li's most outstanding achievement in mathematics is the skill of Heaven, which is a method of setting unknown numbers to solve equations. This achievement has successfully influenced the mathematics field in China and even the world.
3. Yang Hui left many works, including five mathematical masterpieces, including Detailed Explanation of Nine Chapters' Algorithms and Daily Algorithms, with a total volume of 2/kloc-0. The "Learning Calculation Outline" he formulated for beginners in the Course of Algorithm Change is an important document in the history of Chinese mathematics education.
4. Zhu Shijie studied the summation of finite series and got the interpolation formula of higher-order difference. It was not until 1670 that British Gregory and Newton put forward the general formula of European interpolation. Zhu Shijie's "Arithmetic Enlightenment" was also the enlightenment teaching material at that time, from shallow to deep, step by step, until mathematics was more profound.