Data analysis refers to the use of appropriate statistical analysis methods to analyze, summarize, understand and digest a large number of collected data, so as to maximize the function of data and give full play to the role of data. Data analysis is a process of studying and summarizing data in detail to extract useful information and form conclusions. The mathematical foundation of data analysis was established in the early 20th century, but it was not until the appearance of computers that practical operation became possible and data analysis was popularized. Data analysis is the product of the combination of mathematics and computer science. Data, also called observations, are the results of experiments, measurements, observations and investigations. The data processed in data analysis can be divided into qualitative data and quantitative data. Data that can only be classified into a certain category and cannot be measured by numerical values are called qualitative data. In qualitative data, it is classified data, such as gender and brand. , showing categories but not in order; In qualitative data, it is category, but it is ordinal data that distinguishes the order, such as educational background and commodity quality grade.