Entering the second year of high school means that the college entrance examination has come for another year. In order to realize the ideal of entering a higher school, the learning quality of Grade One is the key, so we should not only have confidence and perseverance, but also have scientific and effective learning methods, like leverage, get twice the result with half the effort.
First, make good use of textbooks. Some students said, "What's so good about textbooks? Isn't it just a few definitions, theorems and formulas? " I don't know, just a few definitions, theorems and formulas, but with their profound and rigorous ideological connotation, they have built a building of mathematics. For those who find it difficult to learn mathematics, a common problem is the lack of thorough and comprehensive understanding and mastery of mathematics. Therefore, a comprehensive and profound understanding and mastery of definitions, theorems and formulas is an important task for reviewing and improving grades. To make good use of teaching materials, we should focus on the following aspects.
1. Re-recognize mathematical concepts, deeply understand their connotation and extension, and distinguish easily confused concepts. For example, taking the concept of "angle" as an example, there are many kinds of "angles" in textbooks, such as the oblique angle of a straight line, the angle formed by two lines of different planes, the angle formed by a straight line and a plane, the principal value of a complex radiation angle, the included angle, and the chamfer. Has its own definition.
2. Deepen the understanding and mastery of theorems and formulas step by step, and pay attention to the applicable conditions and scope of each theorem and formula. If the mean inequality is used to find the maximum value, three conditions must be met, all of which are indispensable. Some students make mistakes, either because they are not familiar with the structure of mean inequality or because they ignore the conditions that should be met. For another example, Dimov's theorem is aimed at the triangular form of complex numbers, such as the sum of the first n terms in a series and the sum of the infinite series s (s).
3. Master the ideas and methods embodied in typical propositions. For example, the proof method of equality provides a general method to find the sum of coefficients of binomial expansion or polynomial expansion.
Second, have a good class. The main position of students' learning is the classroom, and the learning quality of the classroom is the key link that affects their academic performance.
1. There will be classes. Some students will say, "Who can't attend class yet?" Actually, it's not. Being able to attend classes means being active in thinking. What should I do if the teacher asks questions and thinks before the teacher? Think about all possible ways and methods to solve this problem, and then compare it with what the teacher said. Maybe some ideas are not feasible, maybe the teacher's method is better, maybe your method is concise and wonderful. Don't wait for the teacher to tell you bit by bit, just because you understand, you think you have learned. Actually, you have to wonder. No wonder many students said that they made a mistake when the teacher told them, because they didn't really think about it.
2. take notes. What the teacher says in class contains important concepts, conventional ideas and methods of various problems, error-prone problems, and some applicable laws and skills, so it is necessary to take notes in class.
3. Review in time. According to the law of memory, review should be timely, once a day and once a week, and each summary is better.
3. Do more exercises. Learning mathematics is inseparable from doing problems, especially in senior three. It is impossible to learn mathematics well without doing a certain amount of exercises, but we should pay attention to the following problems:
1. The difficulty is appropriate. Now there are many review materials and topics, and the review should follow the teacher's requirements. Don't blindly do difficult and comprehensive questions. Setting the goal too high will not only consume a lot of time, but also reduce self-confidence. It is also easy to ignore some seemingly simple basic questions and details, and lose points in the exam, causing irreparable losses. Therefore,
2. The topic is the essence. It is good to practice more when possible, but this is the essence. First, the topic should be combined with the requirements of the exam instructions and the direction of the college entrance examination questions in recent years, with the focus on "three basics" and "universality and generality". Secondly, it is very important to think and summarize when doing the problem. Every time you do a problem, you should recall your own solution ideas and see if you can solve one more problem. Optimize the process of solving problems. Third, we should be willing to spend time on key issues and do more problems. Fourth, in the review process, we should constantly do some application problems to improve our reading comprehension and practical problem-solving ability, which is also one of the directions of college entrance examination reform. 3. pay attention to correcting mistakes. Some students only pay attention to the quantity of problem solving, ignoring the quality, indicating that they don't ask right or wrong after doing the problem, especially the problems that the teacher has reviewed. How can this progress? If you make a mistake, you should not only correct it, but also write it down and analyze the reasons and enlightenment, especially the examination paper. Only by constantly correcting your mistakes can you improve yourself. 4. Pay attention to summary, including not only the summary of questions, methods and laws, but also some basic questions. 4. Do a good job in reviewing each stage. After entering the third year of high school, I basically began to review, and I should obey the teacher's plan and arrangement and finish it in a down-to-earth manner.
1. The first stage is systematic review. Time is about nine months. The focus is on comprehensive review, focusing on the foundation, that is, proceeding according to the chapter, taking the "three basics" as the core, systematically and comprehensively sorting out every knowledge point, mastering the commonness and methods skillfully, and paying attention to the formation of the knowledge system. "Three basics" refers to the basic knowledge, skills and methods of mathematics. It is necessary to cultivate good study habits, regard each exercise as an opportunity to consolidate learning, associate the related knowledge points involved in such problems and the general methods to solve problems as soon as you see them, gradually realize the automation of mastering the "three basics" and pay attention to the formation of the knowledge system. The review of the "three basics" is not a simple repetition. What is important is to deepen understanding and discover the essence. So as to classify, sort out and synthesize them, and gradually form a well-organized, orderly and networked organism, truly from coarse to fine. Pay attention to the improvement of mathematical ability. Through a lot of problem-solving exercises, I can improve my computing ability, logical thinking ability, spatial imagination ability, and my ability to analyze and solve problems by using what I have learned. Pay attention to the application of thinking methods. The famous mathematician Paulia pointed out: "The perfect way of thinking is like Polaris. Many people have found the right way through it. " It can be seen how important it is to master the way of thinking. For example, some complex algebraic problems can be solved easily and quickly if numbers and shapes are combined.
2. The second stage is focused on review. It takes about a month and a half. The key point is to improve the "three natures", that is, the comprehensiveness, application and innovation of knowledge and ability. This is the reform direction of examination questions since 1999. After the first stage of review, students have a certain grasp of the "three basics", and then the teacher will organize some special topics for students, including: knowledge-related topics, such as functions and series topics; Functional images, equation curves and other topics. Special topics such as thinking methods of functions and equations; The thinking method of combining numbers and shapes; The idea of classified discussion; Thinking method of movement and transformation; Transformation and transformation thinking methods, etc.
Apply special topics, further strengthen all kinds of exercises, improve reading comprehension and establish mathematical models.
Special topics on innovative thinking. Strengthen thinking training, carry out creative thinking on the basis of "commonness and commonness", and reflect more, less or no rush to calculate.
Students work harder and seize the opportunity. Doing well at this stage will greatly improve your knowledge and ability!
3. The third stage is comprehensive practice. It takes about a month. The key point is to improve the level of examination. Through the repeated practice of comprehensive examination papers, we should strengthen the training of answering strategies and time allocation, especially when examining questions, one feeling, one cut and one success.
The fourth stage is the stage of heat preservation and free review. Keep a good mental state and calm mind, firmly believe in your own strength, and meet the college entrance examination with confidence.
Physics learning methods in senior two.
1, physical model method
According to the characteristics of physical problems, grasp the main factors, exclude the secondary factors, and put forward the physical model, thus transforming the study of specific problems into the study of physical models. The thinking process of this method is to analyze the conditions of physical problems, the research objects and the characteristics of physical processes, establish a corresponding physical model, and reason through model thinking.
2. Equivalent method
Equivalent thinking method is a method to equate a complex physical problem with a well-known physical model or problem. For example, we have learned the equivalence of equivalent circuit, equivalent resistance, resultant force and component force. Common equivalent methods include decomposition, synthesis, equivalent analogy, equivalent substitution, equivalent transformation, equivalent simplification and so on. , so that the complex is simplified, and the difficult is easy.
3. Isolation method and integration method
Isolation method is the basic method to solve mechanical problems. Most objects are always interrelated and interact with each other, so in order to solve problems conveniently, the research object is often isolated from other objects, but sometimes it is necessary to take the whole as the object, so it is required that all parts of the whole have the same acceleration.
4. Estimation method
Estimation method is an order of magnitude calculation that applies physical knowledge, grasps the essence of the problem, grasps the main quantitative relationship and ignores the secondary factors. This kind of examination questions mainly focus on "reason" rather than "number", and do not pursue accurate data but correct methods. Physical estimation questions frequently appear in college entrance examination questions in recent years. Because the physical estimation questions have the characteristics of concise words, few known conditions and hidden connection between the quantity to be solved and the known quantity, candidates are often helpless and have a high score loss rate. Compared with accurate calculation, estimation requires candidates to use what they have learned more flexibly and think more quickly.
5. Mirror image method
Physical image is a common tool to vividly describe physical state, physical process and physical laws, and it is also an important aspect of applying mathematical knowledge to solve physical problems. Correct physical images can provide a clear physical picture when we analyze physical problems, and images can often show many factors related to the problems at the same time. This not only helps us to understand and remember the basic concepts and laws when analyzing problems, but also helps us to grasp the relationship between related physical quantities. Some questions can even be answered directly through images. Therefore, using images to solve problems has become one of the common methods to understand physical problems. When using images to solve physical problems, we should pay special attention to correctly and comprehensively understand the physical meaning represented by images, such as a physical image represented on a coordinate map. What physical quantity does its coordinate axis represent? What unit is it? Is it scalar blank or vector? For some images with similar graphics but different physical meanings, such as displacement-time images and velocity-time images, vibration images and fluctuation images, we should pay attention to distinguish them and not confuse them.
6. Extreme value method
The physical quantity describing a process or a state is often limited by physical laws and conditions in its development and change, and its value can only conform to the reality of physical problems within a certain range. In this range, the physical quantity may have some special values, such as its maximum value, minimum value or boundary value that determines its range. Therefore, physical problems often involve the special values of these physical quantities, which we call extreme value problems. Such problems are common in various exercises and college entrance examination questions.
7. Conservation method
The method of analyzing and solving physical problems with conservation laws and quantities can be called conservation method. In the process of various physical changes, there are often many quantities of conservation, such as mass conservation, electricity conservation, momentum conservation, energy conservation, mechanical energy conservation and so on. Using conservation relations to establish and solve equations can often make the problem get a simpler solution. Conservation is often established under certain conditions, so when solving problems with conservation method, we should first pay attention to analyzing the conditions of the problem. Only when the conservation conditions are met can we solve problems with the corresponding conservation laws.
In short, to do a good job in the general review of college entrance examination physics, we must have careful plans, scientific methods, effective measures, pay attention to the analysis of physical state, physical situation and physical process, strengthen the training of information transfer, and improve the ability of reading comprehension and problem analysis in order to win the college entrance examination.
How to review chemistry in senior two?
Chemistry review in senior two is a systematic learning project. To improve the efficiency of review, we need to pay attention to the exploration of learning methods, not only to try our best to keep up with the teacher's review ideas, but also to make adjustments according to our own actual situation. How to do a good job in chemistry review next year? The chemistry teacher of a key middle school in the provincial capital suggested that students should do the following according to their own teaching and the successful experience of previous candidates:
1. Step by step, lay a solid foundation, differentiate and clarify concepts. Make a better study plan according to your own study situation, so that the review can be carried out in a planned and purposeful way. It is necessary to review comprehensively and highlight the key points. Read more books and master the essence of the main knowledge in textbooks, especially the core content of middle school chemistry, such as material structure, redox reaction, ion reaction, knowledge of elemental compounds, electrochemistry, chemical experiments, chemical calculation and so on. Review should pay attention to the foundation, strengthen the understanding of knowledge and the cultivation of ability, and strive to "remember-understand-use". We should focus on our own learning situation, check for leaks and fill gaps, and review with emphasis and pertinence.
2. Master the principle, use it flexibly, and pay attention to solving problems.
The chemical principles such as conservation of elements, redox reaction, conservation of electron gain and loss, chemical balance and general laws of material structure are emphatically reviewed. Master the basic principles and laws of chemistry, use them flexibly in solving problems, broaden the thinking of solving problems and enhance the skills of solving problems. If some calculation problems are solved by conservation method, difference method and discussion method, the speed and accuracy of solving problems can be improved. To infer the structure of organic compounds, it is necessary to master the transformation law of organic functional groups and the basic types of reactions. For example, organic matter grasps a series of changes of hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acids and esters. It is necessary to improve the ability to use knowledge flexibly through review, do some comprehensive questions appropriately, and store them in your mind, which can inspire your thinking during the college entrance examination. We should pay attention to the experimental principle, and the chemical experiment questions in the college entrance examination are more important. The review of the experiment should focus on the basic operation, analysis, design and evaluation of the experiment, from "how to do it" to "why", attach importance to the experimental principles and methods, and learn to compare.
3. Strengthen practice, review old knowledge and improve problem-solving ability.
There are many ways to practice. First of all, you can focus on doing some exercises you have done. Secondly, we should choose a chemistry reference book and choose synchronous exercises according to the review progress. Don't answer one question to another. You should finish a section or a unit first, then check the answers, check the right and wrong, and correct them. If you don't understand anything, you should ask your classmates or teachers in a certain way. You can also use the chemistry test questions in this year's college entrance examination as an exercise to test your current chemistry level. Pay attention to analyzing the ideas and methods of solving problems during practice. For example, in view of the relationship between "position, structure and nature" in the material structure, the application of active balance, the conditions for the existence of ions, the conservation method to solve calculation problems, ask more questions, and don't get caught up in the sea of questions. Doing problems can check the mastery of knowledge and broaden the thinking of solving problems.
4. Grasp the key points, eliminate blind spots, and effectively correct mistakes.
Review should highlight key points, eliminate blind spots and strengthen weaknesses. Analyzing the chemistry test questions of the college entrance examination in recent years, the key point is actually the important knowledge points that can open the distance, that is, doubts and blind spots; To get out of the strange circle of "the more basic things are, the more likely they are to make mistakes", we should not only attach great importance to them ideologically, but also reflect on and correct mistakes in homework and exams in time; Consciously strengthen the training of "accident-prone areas". After each practice or examination, we should make a detailed analysis of the mistakes and find out the reasons.
Guidance on learning methods of biology subject
The idea of biology review in NMET should adhere to the requirements of description and generalization ability in NMET, carefully review according to the new changes in the conception and expression of NMET questions, and attach importance to cultivating students' ability as the goal of biology review.
1, pay attention to combing the basic knowledge and form a knowledge network.
Basic knowledge is the source for students to solve problems. In the process of biology review, students sort out and classify the basic knowledge, making it a knowledge chain and knowledge network, which is convenient for understandable memory and review. This is conducive to systematically acquiring knowledge, forming a coherent point of view and activating thinking.
2. Pay attention to the problem of graphic representation and cultivate the ability of thinking transfer.
When reviewing, review charts according to special topics to strengthen the cultivation of thinking transfer ability. Such as photosynthesis and respiration, mitosis and meiosis, energy flow in the ecosystem, and the diagram of material circulation in the ecosystem. Take the energy flow of the ecosystem as an example (see the textbook for illustrations), and analyze the illustrations when reviewing: (1) Energy is stored in the organic matter in the food chain, and the amount of organic matter is the amount of energy; (2) According to the characteristics of energy flow in food chain: low trophic level and high trophic level with low energy; (3) According to the illustration, write the reasonable food chain of this topic; (4) According to the predation relationship of organisms in the food chain,
3. Highlighting the application of comparative method is conducive to cultivating good thinking methods.
Choosing comparison method to compare the relevant knowledge in teaching materials is conducive to the systematization of knowledge and the formation of knowledge structure network. For example, through the comparison of knowledge, let students compare the relevant knowledge in textbooks, form a systematic knowledge system, and cultivate good thinking methods. Therefore, we should study the methods of comparison according to the content of textbooks and the relationship between knowledge before and after. For example, the comparison between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, mitosis and meiosis, water absorption and absorption of mineral elements by plants, the comparison of basic types of metabolism, and the comparison of breeding (cross breeding, mutation breeding, haploid breeding and polyploid breeding). , easy to understand and master, is conducive to the development of scientific intelligence and training ability.
4. Strengthening the review of material questions is conducive to the formation of good thinking quality.
Analyze, summarize, synthesize and solve problems around problems. This review fully embodies the cognitive law and is conducive to positive thinking. This kind of material problem that creates scenes and provides information breaks the previous teaching mode that only attaches importance to knowledge induction and rote memorization, and changes the traditional teaching mode that only attaches importance to knowledge transmission and ignores ability training.
5. Enhance experimental design ability and cultivate students' innovative thinking ability.
In the review, the experimental design questions are constantly summarized, and the experiment plays a very important role in the college entrance examination. In the review, we should strengthen the special research on the requirements of experimental design ability and ask ourselves to design reasonable and scientific experimental steps according to the given conditions. For example, for a certain concentration of KNo3 and onion and other necessary materials and appliances, please design an experiment to automatically restore plasma wall separation. It is required to design the experimental steps scientifically on the basis of obtaining the corresponding experimental ability, so as to obtain strict conclusions about the experimental principles, steps and results. This kind of special review is more open, leaving more room for students to think, giving full play to their thinking imagination according to the meaning of the questions, and then getting the corresponding answers.
The basic ability to solve problems is the ability to examine questions, think and express. In the first round of review, you can first position yourself in the study and see the topic clearly. It is a good way to remind yourself to see the key words clearly when solving problems. On the basis of seeing the topic clearly, try to understand, grasp the key words and find out the special points. The cultivation of thinking ability can be located in the training of problem thinking process. For multiple-choice questions, you should not only answer the reasons for being selected, but also answer the reasons for not being selected. For short answers, we should learn to get to the bottom of the matter and strengthen the logic of thinking by constantly thinking about "why" and "how". The cultivation of expression ability can be based on the standardization of words and the integrity of expression. When describing or explaining phenomena in words, we should pay attention to using standardized biological language to express the content completely in the order of thinking.