The Draft of Qing History is an unfinished version of the Draft of Qing History compiled by the Qing History Museum established in the early years of the Republic of China. According to the style of feudal "official history" in past dynasties, it is also divided into four parts: discipline, ambition, expression and biography, with a total of 536 volumes. Zhao Erxun is the curator of the Qing History Museum, and Ke Shaowen and others 100 people participated in the compilation. The work started in 19 14 and was basically completed in 1927, which lasted for 14 years. Although this book was compiled after the Revolution of 1911, the editor basically wrote the history of the Qing Dynasty from the standpoint of the Qing Dynasty. Due to the large number of people and insufficient mutual care, the manuscript was not carefully checked and revised after completion, and it was not carefully proofread when it was published. Therefore, the styles are different and the simplification is improper, so that mistakes in years, facts, names and places are often visible. The editor is also aware of these problems in compilation, so he points out in the postscript of the publication that this book is only published as a historical manuscript, "it is the predecessor of Dazhui chakra, not a book." Although there are some mistakes and shortcomings in this book, most of the materials it is based on, such as Records of the Qing Dynasty, Biographies of the History of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Code and some files, can also be seen today, but the editor has collected a large number of materials and made a preliminary arrangement, so that readers can obtain detailed and systematic materials about history of qing dynasty. Moreover, some local chronicles and biographies in the late Qing Dynasty are not based on common historical materials, but on other books. Therefore, this book still has its reference value. The book, presided over by Yuan, was published in 1928 with a print run of 1 100 copies. Among them, 400 books were shipped from Jinliang to Northeast China for distribution. These books are called "one-off copies". Later, people in the Qing History Museum found that Jin Liang had privately revised the manuscript. They didn't agree with the addition or deletion of Jin Liang, so they made some changes to the books kept in Beijing. These books are collectively called "Guannei Books". Later, it was printed again in the northeast, and the content was changed. We call it "the second copy outside the customs." The similarities and differences between these three versions are: 1. Add and delete the whole article. In the original version of Customs, the original biography of Zhang Xun, the attached biography of Zhang Biao, the biography of Kang Youwei and the proofreading of Jin Liang were deleted. Only the eight books in Zhang Biao's attached biography and The Preface to the Princess and the Local Records were deleted from the Second Copy of the Commissioner, and three biographies of Ju and Weng Fanggang were added. Second, the content of the same article changes. The book inside the customs revised the preface of the first book outside the customs, deleted 64 changeable bibliographies, revised the biography of Lao Naixuan and the biography of Shen, and revised the name of the Qing History Museum. The second edition of Commissioner compressed Zhao Erfeng's biography.

In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), President Yuan Shikai set up the Qing History Museum, with Zhao Erxun as the curator, Miao, Ke Shaowen and others as the editors, in charge of the compilation of Qing history, with the participants first.

After 100, there is no fixed establishment. The staff are employed by the curator. For example, Zhao Erxun personally visited Xia and asked him to come forward as editor-in-chief.

There is an "exercise book" in the Qing History Museum that records the division of labor of librarians, such as Ke Shaowen's Chronicle of Heaven and Chronicle of Constitution. Miao Sunquan is the author of Scholars, Biography of Wen Yuan and Biography of Tusi. Wu Zhu has the Chronicle of the Five Dynasties of Gaozong, Renzong, Xuanzong, Wenzong and Mu Zong. Wu Zhu has Geographical Records of Qianjiang, Royal Family Table, Princess Table, Princes Table and First Draft of Yi. Zhang Yu wrote the final versions of the Biography of Loyalty and Righteousness and the Records of Arts and Literature. Jin wrote biographies of Taizu, Taizong and Shunzhi and biographies of women. Qin Shusheng wrote Geography of Zhili and Wang Dajun wrote Biography of Jiaqing. Xia wrote Biography of Jiaqing, Daoguang and Chaolie, Biography of Officials and Biography of Art ... Tian Yinghuang wrote a volume of Shanxi geography. Luo Jian wrote Traffic Magazine and Dai Xizhang wrote Foreign Relations Magazine. Tang Bangzhi wrote the chronology of military ministers. Wang Shunan wrote biographies of Xianfeng and Tongzhi ministers. Ye is the author of Religious Records, including one volume of Lamaism, one volume of Christianity and one volume of Islam. Zhang Caitian is the author of Geography, Jiangsu Volume, Criminal History, Music History and Biography of Empresses. Wu Huaiqing wrote "Geography of Shaanxi" and "Records of Foodstuffs". Zhang Shuyun wrote Records of Rites, supplemented by Records of Jade Fu and Selected Records. Yu Biyun's "The Art of War" and some biographies. Ma Qichang wrote Biography of Courtiers and Workers, and revised Biography of Wen Yuan. Lan Yu wrote a geography book in Yunnan. Zhu Shizhe said: "There are many biographies, and there are several people in the library. The rest, though mainly based on Biography of Xian Tong, have been supplemented by successive dynasties since Kanggan. Every dynasty is covered by many hands, but each dynasty has its own theme; When renovating, who is in charge and who is responsible. "

During writing, it is often necessary to ask someone to copy the manuscript. "The first time you copy a manuscript, everyone will write it by hand, and the library will calculate it according to the angle of 1000 words." The first draft was compiled in 1920, revised once in 1926, and basically completed in 1927. In the process of engraving, there is a version problem in clearing the manuscript. Yuan was busy with other affairs and entrusted to help proofread the book. Jin Liang took advantage of the current situation to change the manuscript without authorization, and shipped 400 copies of 1 100 to the northeast for distribution. This is the so-called "one-time copying" (also known as one-time copying). When the original editor found that Jin Liang had tampered with the manuscript privately, he decided to correct and reprint the original printed version left in Beijing. For example, the Biography of Zhang Xun (with Biography of Zhang Biao), Biography of Kang Youwei and Proofreading Record written by Jin Liang were deleted; Changed the name of the Qing History Museum; Sixty-four "Yi Class" titles were deleted; Changed the order of literature and art; Individual biographies have been revised and become the so-called "Guannei Ben". Later, Jin Liang insisted on the basis of "Outside the Pass", and further revised and supplemented it according to the criticism of scholars on the Draft of Qing Dynasty and some important corrections made in "Inside the Pass", deleting the attached Biography of Zhang Biao, Preface of Princess Table and Mathematical Reference Book "Eight-part Essay Logarithmic Table", adding or compressing individual biographies, which was seven volumes less than the previous two versions. The different versions caused confusion, and then two circulation methods appeared in the market: the so-called "joint bookstore photocopying" and "Japanese lead printing". Nanjing National Government organized manpower twice. The draft of Qing history was revised, but for various reasons, there was no result. There are many versions of the Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty, mainly including foreign language version, domestic version, Jinliang reprint, Shanghai United Bookstore photocopy version and Japanese version, among which the foreign language version and domestic version are the earliest and have great influence.

Feng Erkang's First Draft of Historical Materials of Qing Dynasty is listed as follows:

Commissioner's edition (or "Commissioner's one-off edition") was compiled and published in 536 volumes in Beijing on 1928. At that time, Jin Liang, a native of Heilongjiang who hosted the Qing History Museum, acted as a "proofreader". He took advantage of the convenience of being in charge of printing, added the name of "General Reading" to himself privately, attached his own "Revision and Engraving of the Draft of Qing Dynasty", revised some words, and then shipped 400 copies of the printed 1 100 to the northeast. These 400 copies of the Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty, which were shipped to the northeast, are called "official copies". Later, this version was revised and reprinted, so it was also called "copying outside the customs".

Someone in the Qing History Museum discovered Jin Liang's tampering, changed it back, and cancelled Jin Liang's Proofreading Record, Biography of Zhang Xun, Biography of Zhang Biao and Biography of Kang Youwei, which are also called "internal books". In fact, the inside copy and the outside copy were printed at the same time, but the inside copy was partially transferred. The similarities and differences between the two versions of Guannei Shu are as follows: The original version of Guanwai Shu deleted the biography of Zhang Biao in Zhang Xun's biography of Zhang Biao, the biography of Kang and the proofreading record written by Kang Youwei. However, in the second edition, only the attached biography of Zhang Biao was deleted, and the seven-volume, eight-line logarithmic table attached at the end of Preface to the Princess Table and Historical Records was removed, and the biographies of Ju, He and Weng Fanggang were added. According to the records in the Pass, this volume was originally Biography of Lao Naixuan and Biography of Shen, but there were no Biography of Zhang Xun and Biography of Kang Youwei. After the biography, there was a theory, and the article was "On Yue: Xuan and Ceng Zhi both learned far, based on what they had learned, and strived for what they had done, and their success was even more profound. This was a move by North Korea, and SHEN WOO was crowned. Although they all live by the sea, they always dare not or forget the idea of living in their ancient country. When he died, he was haggard and sad. Sad husband! "Zhang Xun and Kang Youwei were not scheduled to be biographied by the Qing History Museum for the time being, but Jin Liang privately paid for the second biography. This Biography of Zhang Xun is attached to Biography of Zhang Biao.

In addition, the book inside Shanhaiguan Pass was replaced by the preface of the first book outside Shanhaiguan Pass. Because the preface was too long, it was taken away from the Book of Changes. The Book of Changes was explained, compromised, explained, exemplified and supplemented. Yi Yi, read the Book of Changes, Shu Shu, textual research, The Book of Changes, and the Book of Changes. Book of Changes, Literature and Art, Field Book of Changes, Book of Changes, Leap, Yi Shi, Book of Changes, Interpretation of the Book of Changes, Interpretation of the Book of Changes, Random Thoughts on the Book of Changes, Interpretation of the Yi Dynasty, General Theory of the Book of Changes and View of the Book of Changes. Collate and delete the essence of Yijing, Zhouyi Zhushu, Zhouyi Zhushu, Zhong Shiyi, Tui Yi Zhushu, Xiao Yitie, Tai Chi Tu Shuo Legacy, The Original Compilation of Hutuluo Book and Xiao Yitie. Distinguishing Differences from the Book of Changes, Yi Zhuan Ding Yihe, Reading Yi Guan Peep, Reading Yi Guan Xiang Xing Lu, Reading Yi Guan Xiang Tu Shuo, Tai Chi Tu Shuo, The Original Meaning of the Book of Changes, Tianshui Q&A, Huang Xi Yi Xiang, Huang Xi Yi Xiang Xin Bu, Bie Ji of Confucius, Yi Jian, and Tian Shui. The author of The Biography of Zhao Erfeng in Shanhaiguan regarded Zhao Erfeng as the younger brother of Zhao Erxun, the curator of the Qing History Museum. This long biography inevitably caters to the curator, so it was deleted.

Jin Liang reprint (the second volume of the Commissioner). 1934, Jin Liang was published in northeast China, and most of them were books in foreign languages. In addition to six volumes of Poems and Immortals and Preface to the Princess Table, 29-34 volumes were removed from the record, three biographies of Zhu Yun and others were added, with a total of 529 volumes.

Photocopy of Shanghai United Bookstore. Published in 1942, the differences between the two books are selected, and internal versions are adopted in many places. It is also called "Twenty-six History" because it is combined with the twenty-four history "New Yuan History".

Japanese printing. It is said that there are two books, one is a big book with two volumes, and the other is a small book with two volumes, all of which are reprinted from A Book Outside the Commissioner.

Printed by the Hong Kong Literature Research Association. Published in 1960, once published by the customs in Fu Zi.

Zhonghua Book Company. Zhonghua Book Company organized historians to punctuate and segment the Clear Draft according to the Second Book of Guanwai. They reviewed the contents of three books, namely, The First Book inside the Customs, The First Book outside the Customs and The Second Book outside the Customs, took notes and recorded different versions, so as to reflect the advantages of all kinds of books as much as possible. In the Qing Dynasty, taboo words were changed back as much as possible, and the unreasonable places found due to the dislocation of lines were checked and corrected. Generally, people's names, place names, official names and tribal names with homophones are not changed, but some unified work is done. Published in 1977, this is the best edition of this book in 50 years. (The General History of China Volume XI-Pre-modern History (Volume I))

Printed by Taipei New Style Publishing Company. Published in 198 1, two volumes. It was carved in accordance with the second edition of Guanwai, with a total of 529 volumes, including Journal of Jinliang.

In addition, Xiao Yishan, Peng and others slightly revised and supplemented Taiwan Province's Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty, and adjusted the classification of his biography, which was called Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty and was published in 1960s, with a total of 550 volumes.