First, cultivate the habit of previewing before class and reviewing after class
Preview before class means that students can learn new content by themselves in 15-20 minutes before class. In the preview, write down what you don't understand and ask questions. Teachers should strengthen inspection to understand the preview situation. Teachers can prepare lessons according to different questions raised by students at different levels. In this way, we can pay attention to students' doubts purposefully in class and break through the difficulties that students don't understand. Students will also actively discuss problems with teachers in class, understand new knowledge more thoroughly, and enhance the connection and feelings between teachers and students. Long-term persistence can cultivate students' preview habits purposefully and systematically, and effectively promote the improvement of classroom teaching quality. So as to help students learn mathematics well, constantly improve their self-study ability and form a good learning quality of questioning and asking difficult questions.
Mathematical knowledge is closely related and logical, so the derivation and application of calculation formulas and operation rules are particularly important. After-class review is an important way to consolidate classroom knowledge. In the teaching process, instructing students to write "math diary" every day is to sort out, summarize and summarize the mathematical knowledge they have learned in the past day, and record the practical experience, so as to form a complete and clear impression in their minds and deepen their understanding and memory. Doing so can train students' logical thinking ability, mathematical language expression ability and application ability. With long-term persistence, students will gradually develop the good habit of reviewing after class and improve their comprehensive ability and quality.
Teachers should carefully check the students' review before teaching new lessons, know the students' consolidation and mastery of what they have learned in time, and know their mastery of what they have learned. This is also conducive to urging students to develop a good habit of reviewing after class.
Second, cultivate the habit of questioning and asking difficult questions.
Pupils are the most active in thinking and have many problems in their minds. In the process of mathematics teaching, students with active thinking and rich imagination are encouraged to ask "Why?" "How about it?" And so on, to encourage those students who love to question and enhance their self-confidence. Cultivating students' innovative ability is the starting point and destination of teaching, and cultivating students' innovative ability begins with cultivating students' good habits of questioning and asking difficult questions. "Small doubts and small progress, big doubts and great progress". Doubt is the golden key to knowledge. There is doubt before innovation. In the teaching process, teachers should update their educational concepts, establish students' subjective concepts and establish educational concepts of democracy and equality between teachers and students. First of all, we should encourage students to dare to argue with teachers. Give timely praise to those students who dare to speak, think and ask questions in class. Even if their questions are whimsical and unreasonable, teachers should encourage them to dare to speak, and must not criticize, let alone laugh at or ridicule students. Secondly, we should guide students to ask questions. When students ask valuable questions, teachers should not only give encouragement and praise, but also let students evaluate what is good about their own questions, so that all students can understand why this question is good and gradually let students ask higher-level questions, thus improving the enthusiasm of all students to ask questions. Einstein said, "It is more important to ask a question than to solve it." That's the truth. Therefore, mathematics teachers in primary schools should actively cultivate students' good habits of being diligent in thinking, daring to ask questions and being good at asking questions, so that students' thinking ability can be continuously improved in the process of asking questions.
Letting students have problems is not to embarrass them, but to stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in exploring knowledge and generate motivation for independent exploration and learning. Usually, questions, self-study, suspense, illustrations, demonstrations and other methods can be used to let students find doubts, encourage students to ask questions and boldly question. For example, when teaching "drawing straight lines", the teacher deliberately extends straight lines in different directions to both ends indefinitely. Students urgently ask: how to draw a straight line on paper? So as to guide students to actively explore the characteristics and drawing methods of straight lines.
Third, develop the habit of correcting mistakes in time.
Students will make all kinds of mistakes in the process of doing their homework. The reason is that some students are indifferent and inattentive when doing their homework; Ignore and mark the comments written by the teacher, and you can't correct the mistakes in time. So when I teach, I try to cultivate the habit of correcting students' homework, and correct students' homework face to face, so that students can realize what is wrong in time. Help analyze the cause of the error: why did such an error occur? How to correct it? How to avoid it? Students are required to establish a "mathematical medical record card" to record each wrong question, the reasons for the mistakes and the methods for improvement in the future, so as to remind themselves in time. Over time, it will help students get rid of some bad habits, make students get the joy of success, enhance their thirst for new knowledge and promote their understanding and judgment.
Fourth, develop serious and meticulous work habits.
Students' homework is a garden for students' practice and innovation. In the teaching process, it will be found that some students are not serious and attentive in doing their homework, which leads to mistakes in knowledge application and operation. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate students' good habit of finishing homework and checking carefully, and help students develop the spirit of being meticulous in doing things, which is of great significance for students to finish homework and study better in the future. These good habits include: correct writing format, serious study style, conscious inspection consciousness, correct inspection methods, multi-angle and multi-channel method application habits, and so on.
Five, develop the habit of discussion, understanding, doubt and expansion.
Discussion is conducive to mobilizing all students to participate in exploration, to the emotional exchange and information exchange between teachers and students, and to the collision of thoughts and sparks of wisdom. For example, when teaching "Integer Multiplying Decimal", organize students to discuss how to determine the decimal places of the product, and guide the discussion direction: How to convert decimals into integers? How does the product change after the decimal becomes an integer? What can we do? Students can work out their own calculation rules through discussion and understanding. Generally speaking, discussion can include deskmate discussion, group discussion, teacher-student discussion and class discussion. We can discuss the key and difficult points in learning, compare and summarize them, expand and deepen them, and so on.
In short, in mathematics teaching, cultivating students' good study habits purposefully, planned and step by step, and improving students' ability to learn mathematics are conducive to cultivating students' innovative ability and improving students' comprehensive quality. This requires math teachers to improve teaching methods, cultivate students' good study habits, and enable students to learn to learn. Only in this way can students study actively and easily, their personality and specialties can develop freely and their quality can be improved in an all-round way.