Pascal is one of the founders of probability theory. As early as 13, Pascal discovered the coefficient law of binomial expansion and put forward the so-called "Pascal triangle" composed of these coefficients. In fact, Jia Xian, an ancient mathematician in China, had discovered this triangle long before Pascal. This is of great significance for calculating binomial coefficients and studying their combination properties. From 65438 to 0654, Pascal communicated with Fermat, a great mathematician, and studied and solved the famous gambling allocation problem, which was the initial problem that led to the emergence of probability theory. Pascal later published a monograph on probability theory, Arithmetic Triangle, which well expounded the basic principles of probability theory and some important combinatorial theorems. In addition, in this book, Pascal gave a precise definition of mathematical induction, which is the earliest in the world.