Zhao huiqiong
I. teaching material analysis
(A) the status and role of teaching materials
This activity is a comprehensive practical activity for students after learning the chapter of rational numbers. The purpose of this activity is to make students learn mathematics well and do it better. There are three purposes to arrange this activity in the textbook: one is to pave the way for students to learn equations, probability and statistics in the future; The second is to deepen the understanding of knowledge, find the combination of mathematics and life, and let students experience mathematics and life at close range; Thirdly, through the process of data sorting and analysis, students' awareness of using mathematics is cultivated and the decision-making level is improved.
(B) Teaching key difficulties and causes analysis
1. Focus: data collation
2. Difficulties: data analysis
Considering that the four activities are all related to data, the arrangement of data is the key to the smooth progress of these four activities. Only reasonable data arrangement can lay a good foundation for data analysis and provide reliable basis for students' scientific decision-making. So I think the collation of data should be the focus of this activity. According to the cognitive level and age characteristics of grade seven students, considering that students have little experience in data processing and cannot skillfully analyze the sorted data scientifically, data analysis is the difficulty of this activity.
(3) Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and skills objectives
Will use the relevant knowledge of rational numbers to solve practical problems and cultivate students' ability to deal with data, social interaction and cooperation.
2. Process and method objectives
Let students experience the process of data processing in activities, learn some data processing methods, and form the consciousness of self-reflection and comprehensive evaluation.
3. Emotion, attitude and values goals
Infiltrate dialectical materialism, improve students' interest in learning mathematics, cultivate students' spirit of cooperation and innovation, form a learning attitude of respecting science and being brave in exploration, and realize self-worth.
Second, the analysis of teaching methods and learning methods
teaching method
Independent investigation method
This is a math activity class. Students are the main body of the activity, and teachers are only the organizers, guides and promoters of the activity. All activities are completed by students' independent operation and inquiry. In activities, we should not only pay attention to the results of students' activities, but also pay attention to the process of students' activities. Therefore, I think it is more appropriate to adopt the method of independent inquiry in this course. While students explore, I will pay attention to showing the highlights of students' thinking, try my best to stimulate the creative points of students' thinking, share the fun of mathematics with students, and make mathematics activities become the carrier of rediscovery. So I set the keynote of this class as "independent inquiry, democracy and openness, cooperation and communication, dialogue between teachers and students".
(2) study law
In this activity, students are the center of the activity and the participants of the whole activity. They participate in learning through independent practice, participate in activities in a democratic and harmonious atmosphere, experience the practical application of rational numbers in activities, and learn the processing methods of data collection, analysis and induction.
Third, the analysis of teaching objects
Students have already understood the arithmetic rules and order of rational numbers, and have certain operational ability. However, students' learning methods are relatively simple, and they are in the transition period from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge and from mathematical knowledge to application ability. Students' ability of rational analysis (data processing and decision-making) needs to be cultivated, and the spirit of cooperative innovation, cooperative learning habits and awareness of using mathematics need to be improved.
Fourthly, the analysis of teaching process.
(A) the creation of situational introduction activities
I have three considerations before the attractive activities: the first one is to get straight to the point; The second is to attract people to review the addition and subtraction of rational numbers; The third is to provide mathematical background materials for students to feel. Because the first one is too monotonous to stimulate students' desire for activities, the second one is simply the attraction of mathematical knowledge, lacking the enthusiasm for learning and the important link of independent discovery in form. The third one provides exploration space, creates activity atmosphere and stimulates activity interest, so I plan to choose the third one.
China was the first country to use negative numbers.
China's ancient scientific and technological achievements attracted worldwide attention, and mathematics was no exception. For example, in the use of negative numbers, ancient China was far ahead in the world at that time, and ancient China began to introduce negative numbers into economic life very early. In business activities, collecting money is positive, paying money is negative, idle money is positive and losing money is negative; In agricultural activities, increasing grain is positive and reducing grain is negative.
Historical data prove that China began to use negative numbers more than two thousand years ago, and he has a deep understanding of negative numbers, which is the first in the world.
Create problem situations and introduce activities to make students feel the important role of mathematics in different periods of life, thus stimulating students' national pride and curiosity.
(B) to carry out publicity activities of personality
There are four math activities in the textbook, which I intend to complete in two classes. The first class is mainly the first two activities. Because students need to collect the data needed for activities after class, they are only required to sort out and analyze the collected data in classroom activities.
One activity
1. Activity content
Help families record their daily income and expenditure accounts for a week, with income recorded as positive and expenditure recorded as negative. Calculate the total income, total expenditure, summary balance and average daily expenditure in the current week, and keep the accounts properly as an important basis for future financial management.
2. Activity objectives
Application of rational number addition rule in experiencing life.
3. Forms of activities
Concentrate on watching and organize activities.
4. Evaluation method
Self-evaluation of students and mutual evaluation between teachers and students.
Step 5: Activity steps
(1) The teacher demonstrates the income and expenditure of a family; (Courseware demonstration)
(2) Ask students to design a statistical table according to the items to be counted;
(3) Students fill in the form and calculate according to the income and expenditure of courseware demonstration;
(4) Design of exchange statistics and exchange calculation results;
(5) Students collate, fill in forms and calculate their own recorded data;
(6) Discuss in groups, synthesize opinions, exchange results and express feelings;
(7) Toastmasters
(1) ask a group of six students to discuss in the group according to the family income and expenditure this week and put forward reasonable suggestions on family financial management in the future;
② Each group chooses an excellent speaker to communicate with the whole class;
③ Choose the best "small speaker".
6. Activity forecast
(1) Some students may not be able to design tables and scientifically sort out the collected data;
(2) Some students may use improper rules in operation, resulting in inaccurate calculation results;
(3) Some students may not understand the concepts in the form and cannot fill in the form skillfully;
(4) Inconsistent data collection and diversified results.
7. Measures
(1) Encourage cooperation and exchange, help each other, and strengthen the understanding of concepts and the arrangement of materials through the guidance of teachers;
(2) Students can go through an algorithm review process through the calculation of revenue and expenditure of courseware demonstration.
Using multimedia demonstration to attract students' attention, arouse their enthusiasm to participate in activities, provide a learning platform for students to sort out data, and provide reference for students to deal with their own family data. Through students' independent calculation, students' ability to solve practical problems by using laws can be better exercised, and to some extent, students' awareness of scientific financial management and learning about future life can be cultivated.
Activity Ⅱ
1. Activity content
Record the local temperature in a week (according to the information provided by the weather forecast), and calculate the daily temperature difference and the average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature and average temperature difference of this week.
2. Activity objectives
Application of empirical rational number subtraction rule in life.
3. Forms of activities
Focus on watching and cooperate in groups.
4. Evaluation Form
Self-evaluation of students and mutual evaluation between teachers and students.
Step 5: Activity steps
(1) The teacher's courseware demonstrates the weather forecast of Wuhan for one week;
(2) Data collation: Students are required to design their own statistical tables and complete statistics and calculations according to the data demonstrated by the courseware;
Calculation: the daily temperature difference from Monday to Friday is, the average temperature difference this week is the average maximum temperature this week, and the average minimum temperature this week is.
(3) Exchange statistical tables, compare the advantages of various statistical tables, and exchange calculation results;
(4) Ask students to complete the statistics and calculation of local weather forecast data for one week according to their own collection;
(5) data analysis
Ask students to analyze the weather changes this week according to the calculation results;
(6) Mutual evaluation between teachers and students
Evaluation of calculation method and data processing method.
5. Effect prediction
(1) rules are not skillfully used, resulting in calculation errors;
(2) The calculation is correct and the statistical forms are diverse.
6. Measures
Strengthen the division of labor and cooperation within the group and encourage students to dare to innovate.
Through the demonstration of courseware, students can use the rules more skillfully, better understand the concepts of maximum temperature, minimum temperature and temperature difference from calculation, and provide ideas for students to sort out their collected data reasonably. Through students' sorting and analysis of data, students' data processing ability is improved and their participation is strong.
(c) Review, reflect and expand thinking.
1. Students review (knowledge, methods, thinking, ability)
(1) What did you gain from this activity?
(2) What data processing methods did you learn in this activity?
2. Students communicate with each other, evaluate each other, experience the feelings of activities, and form a * * * sound.
Through the review of the activities and the overall feeling, students can have a clearer understanding of the algorithm of rational numbers and improve their thinking structure.
(4) Activity extension of homework
The following table lists the time differences between several cities and Beijing (numbers with a plus sign indicate that the same time is several hours earlier than Beijing, such as 8: 00 Beijing time and 9: 00 Tokyo time).
1. If it's 7 o'clock in Beijing now, what's the time in new york now?
Xiaoming wants to call his aunt in Paris now. Do you think it's appropriate?
Through this exercise, let students have a comprehensive application of the law of addition and subtraction of rational numbers. Let the activities extend to the class, and really let the students change from "learning" to "learning".
Evaluation and analysis of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
Attention should be paid to the following issues in the design of teaching plans:
(A) two kinds of performance
1. Reflect the new teaching concept;
2. Reflect the characteristics of the activity class (live without chaos).
(2) Two key points
1. Pay attention to students' cooperative learning;
2. Pay attention to students' independent inquiry.
(3) Two hopes
1. I hope to appreciate the charm of mathematics through rich data in life;
2. I hope students can enhance their sense of mission and social responsibility through activities.
2009-08-03 People's Education Network
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