First, combined with mathematics teaching guidance
According to the teaching characteristics of mathematics textbooks, teachers can guide students to contact the real society, closely contact familiar scenes and things, people and things, and the reality of study and life, and put forward corresponding questions, so that students can think from the source, write with materials, and find the source of writing, and we can give guidance in the learning process.
1, keep a diary before class to find the mathematics in life.
Before learning a new lesson, teachers tell students in advance what to learn in the next class, so that they can pay attention to collecting concrete examples in life, take the form of homework, and let students take the initiative to participate, write the examples in life into math diary and apply them to the learning content.
For example, before studying statistics, let them choose their own topics to carry out investigation activities in groups. Some measure the height of each student in their own group, some investigate the number of male and female teachers in the school, some go to the nearby vegetable market to ask about the price of a certain vegetable, and some measure a classmate's long jump performance. The teacher asked them to record their activities and collected data in the form of diaries, which not only cultivated their sense of participation, but also made them understand that mathematics comes from life.
2. Write a class diary to understand the mathematics in life.
With the "warm-up" before class, the mathematical information in class appears to be life-like and diversified. Under the guidance of teachers, students turn practical problems into mathematical problems and use mathematical models to solve and explain the phenomena of life problems. The mathematical process of practical problems is mainly accomplished by modeling, which is a technology, a method and an idea. From a mathematical point of view, the problem to be studied is simulated, irrelevant factors are discarded, and mathematical relations are retained, thus forming a mathematical structure, which can be expressed by graphs, tables or relations in primary school.
For example, for simple calculation methods in class, after solving interesting problems with multiple solutions, recording your own and others' methods can broaden your thinking horizon, inspire yourself by recording others' methods, and lay a good foundation for the next application.
3. Keep a diary after class and apply mathematics to life.
When students master certain mathematical models, the key is whether they can use these models to solve problems in life. At this time, it is particularly important for teachers to guide students to use their own models to solve problems. In teaching, according to the characteristics of teaching materials, teachers consciously adopt exercises with wide application and strong operability, so as to apply what they have learned.
For example, after learning the area calculation, let the students design the decoration of the living room or kitchen by themselves, which involves practical problems such as how many floor tiles, how many wallpapers, which specifications, and what patterns are both beautiful and economical. For another example, after learning statistics, you can display the information you have investigated with statistical charts or tables, and you can see what problems you have and what suggestions you can make. For another example, after learning the knowledge of the year, month and day, let them make an almanac of any year from 200 1 to 20 10, and take an incentive way, such as evaluating the "best-selling almanac" activity, which not only cultivates students' ability to analyze and solve problems independently, but also comprehensively uses knowledge such as art and writing.
Two, combined with extracurricular resources for guidance
The application of mathematics is everywhere in life. In normal teaching, teachers should not only pay attention to students' recording of applied knowledge that matches the teaching materials, but also pay attention to students' conscious and active exploration of infinite knowledge after class, pay attention to students' new discoveries in life and record new feelings and phenomena. As Paulia said: "The best way to learn any knowledge is to discover it by yourself, because this kind of discovery is the deepest to understand and the easiest to grasp the internal laws, essence and connections." We should consciously let students pay attention to the things around them, consciously observe and understand the things around them from the perspective of mathematics, and discover the true meaning and mystery of mathematics. Math diary materials will expand from textbook knowledge to extracurricular activities, just like more and more branches of a tree, which will lead students to explore and learn constantly. Teachers can give the following guidance for students to collect extracurricular materials:
1, so that students can find materials that can apply a variety of mathematical knowledge in the same life. For example, tree planting activities are carried out on Arbor Day, so that students can use different methods such as straight line, circle and square to compile or calculate the problem of trees that can be planted; You can edit and answer questions about the area of greening; It can also compile and answer questions about the number of trees planted per capita or how long it takes to plant trees.
2. Application materials of the same mathematical knowledge in different fields. For example, after average teaching, teachers can calculate the average score of each student in one semester, parents can calculate the average income in recent years, and we students can know what our average pocket money is every day for a month; The factory director can know how many parts each person produces on average every day; Market researchers can know the average price of a vegetable in a nearby vegetable market; It can be used by statistical departments to reflect the situation of all walks of life and the national economy and people's livelihood; ……
3. Students find hot issues in life and use mathematical thinking to solve them. In life, the preferential scheme of mobile phone tariff in the telecommunications sector is also constantly being refurbished. For example, the monthly mobile phone fee is 30 yuan, and the phone bill is 0.30 yuan/minute; If there is no monthly fee, the phone bill is 0.60 yuan/minute. Compare the two, please calculate what kind of customers can get benefits. If someone can afford a phone bill of 70 yuan per month, what kind of payment method should he choose? Recently, the communication department launched a "mobile phone buffet" project, the contents are as follows. Ask students to calculate which kind of people choose which project is more reasonable, and record the process in math diary.
Students feel a sense of accomplishment and interest in solving these hot issues, and their ability to use mathematical knowledge in solving practical problems has also been improved.
Students remember math diary, focusing on the collection and arrangement of materials. Teachers should not only give guidance in these aspects, but also pay attention to using effective incentive mechanisms, such as "exquisite diary evaluation" and "mathematical information conference", to mobilize students' emotional factors in keeping diaries, so as to promote students' persistence in keeping diaries. In this way, it is conducive to stimulating students' interest in learning, prompting them to have a strong desire for knowledge in learning mathematics, and enhancing students' awareness of the application of mathematics.