Steps/methods
Simple principle
Learning English: Start with simplicity.
Use English: simple-good, simpler-better, simplest-best.
When we were in college, our English teacher asked us to read a lot of English. Some students borrowed the original. On the first page, there are more than 20 new words, on the second page, there are more than 20 ... On the fifth page, I don't know what the first page means. On the tenth page, I don't know what the first nine pages are written. Reading has become extremely difficult and monotonous, and I don't feel any gains. Reading the original English has become a process of looking up English dictionaries and memorizing new words, and it has become a chore. So few people can persist until they give up. Some of them tried for the second time and finally gave up. What is the reason? I think it violates the common sense of "step by step"
By "step by step", you are required to start with "simplicity". Learning and using English should follow simple principles. At that time, I just started with simple English reading. Now, there are many sets of "easy books" in the bookstore. I read books with abbreviations of 500 ~ 800 words first, then books with abbreviations of 800 ~ 1500 words, and then works with abbreviations of 1500 ~ 2500 words ... I can read them because I understand them; It feels particularly good to read. When a person has a sense of accomplishment, self-confidence arises spontaneously and becomes stronger and stronger, thus generating greater interest. Foreign English literature seems to have brought me to a different country, a different culture, a different life and made some different friends. In the process of entering another culture, life, people and customs, there is a strong yearning and strong desire. I want to keep reading!
Only from a simple start, it is easy to get started, generate "interest" and carry things on. English reading should follow the "simplicity principle", and listening, speaking and writing should start from the simplest, because the simplicity principle has great advantages:
1, create a sense of accomplishment and cultivate self-confidence.
2. increase interest.
3. The language is catchy.
4. It is convenient to apply what you have learned.
However, many students in China tend to disdain simple language and only seek to understand without trying to use what they have learned. China students like to pursue one word when learning English-"difficult". Although I have learned a lot of difficult things, I can't "use". In fact, simple things are really important if they can be used flexibly and accurately. For example, in spoken English, people don't look at how difficult words a person can say. The key lies in whether he can skillfully express his feelings and ideas with the simplest words, sentence patterns and grammar. People in English-speaking countries communicate through a limited number of words and simple sentence patterns in their daily lives.
Of course, this does not mean that "difficult words" and "complex sentence patterns" are completely useless or useless. I'm just saying we should use it less or as little as possible. But the current trend is that "simple English" is "the best English", which is absolutely correct. In fact, if you communicate with foreigners face to face, you will be surprised to find that the English they speak is so simple that you may even ask yourself what is the use of the complicated English you have studied for many years.
The key to English learning is to learn easy things and then use them comprehensively.
Quantity principle
You can't be too eager to achieve success in learning English, because only with "quantity" can you make a "qualitative" leap.
In the accumulation stage of quantity, we should also follow the correct learning methods. Take reading as an example, a simple set of reading materials is divided into six levels, each level has five or six books, one is only about 100 pages, and you can finish reading a level of reading materials in less than a week. In the process of reading, don't be too rigid in grammar. You can experience the function of grammar occasionally, but the key is to understand the theme of the novel. It should be noted that we are acquiring information, understanding culture and life and absorbing new ideas through English. In order to read quickly, you must read. Don't learn a language, first establish the concept of quantity and read as soon as possible. If you keep reading for three or four months, your English reading level will improve quickly.
Someone always asks how long it will take to learn English well. This question is not easy to answer, because there is no standard to measure English learning, and the speed of learning English varies from person to person. But one thing is certain, that is, you must have a correct way to learn English. In fact, as long as the method is right, you can get started soon. It takes a year or two to get started and communicate in English. Therefore, if you always do it in the right way, you will learn English well soon.
Repetition principle
There is an English proverb "Repetition is the mother of skills".
You can recall the process of learning any skill. Whether swimming or cycling, it is a process of repeating the same action. The acquisition of any skill, including English, of course comes from repetition. When a thing is repeated many times, it produces a feeling and a profound grasp. Therefore, when developing English skills, we should also follow the principle of repetition. For example, when reading, after you have read 20 elementary books, you should find out one of the 20 books that you are most interested in, and read 10 times or even 20 times. Similarly, when you have finished reading 20 intermediate English books, you should find the one you are most interested in and read 10 times or even 20 times. Learning listening and speaking should also follow the principle of repetition. For example, after listening to 20 elementary English listening tapes, you should choose one of these 20 tapes and listen to this tape for 20 times. At the beginning of learning spoken English, the principle of repetition is more important. Because, just after learning spoken English and memorizing some English, I will find my partner to practice and repeat what I have learned. "Repetition principle" and "quantity principle" are indispensable and should be organically unified. Learning any skills in English: reading, listening, speaking and writing, must be repeated on the basis of the principle of quantity. There must be some words or sentence patterns in English that you understand thoroughly and master. You can use them flexibly to communicate. Please note that these words and sentence patterns you have mastered must have been repeated countless times. These repetitive things have become a part of you, and you can use them freely. Repetition is the most important way for people to remember. Repetition makes people accurately and profoundly understand the essence and internal laws of things. The principle of quantity requires you to read more, listen more, speak more and write more, and emphasize a word "disk". The principle of repetition requires you to do the same thing many times, that is, to emphasize a word "essence" So it seems that the two are contradictory. But contradictions are inevitable. I think the best things in the world must be contradictory. Because only two contradictory bodies can produce the greatest power to make the subject move forward. Good English learning methods should also strive for the unity of contradictions. We should accumulate a batch of books, spread them out, and at the same time, we should learn a reader, a spoken book, a tape and a movie thoroughly. It is very important to "refine" some contents on the basis of quantity.
Imitation principle
Language is the identity mark formed by people in long-term practice, and its application "rules" can be followed. Children's language learning is a process of imitation. They imitate their parents, people around them, TV and other things that can be imitated every day, and they imitate more and more. Suddenly one day, they stopped imitating and gradually formed a language way that integrated their own personality characteristics.
As an English learner, we must imitate what we already have, and "innovation" without proper imitation means mistakes. Innovation comes from imitation, which is the basis of learning English and innovation. Only by mastering the soul and essence of English through imitation can we talk about our own language style.
When learning English, the principle of imitation is very important. For example, when learning phonetics, we should practice phonetic symbols, word pronunciation and read sentences and articles repeatedly. In practice, try to imitate the pronunciation of phonetic symbols and words, and imitate the tone and rhythm of sentences. Imitation is very important for learning pronunciation well. Imitation is also very important if you want to learn spoken English. When learning spoken English, try to imitate what you read and hear. Of course, it would be better if you imitate what you have read and heard on the principle of repetition. If you want to learn English writing, the importance of imitation is even more obvious. You have to read all kinds of articles and famous articles. I have read it many times, and if I really understand it, I must imitate it meticulously. Try to imitate, which is the most basic common sense in English learning.
A friend of mine speaks English very well. When he talks about the secret of learning spoken English, he always says: "I will say what foreigners say;" I write whatever foreigners write. "It's hit the nail on the head!
Assault principle
If you want to learn English well, you need to adopt the strategy of "making a quick decision" and find the feeling of "getting into the role quickly". Only in this way can we have enough motivation and interest to stick to our study to the end. Do you remember how you learned to ride a bike, swim or drive a car? Did you master these skills through short-term "lots of surprises" practice? The element of learning skills is the same, that is, going to countless surprise trainings. Of course, learning English may not be as simple as learning to ride a bike or swim, but mastering and using English is indeed a skill. To learn a skill, the principle of assault is the most important.
A person's energy cannot be full forever, and doing the same thing repeatedly will become monotonous, so it is necessary to adopt the method of intermittent assault strengthening. The process of English learning should consist of intensive assault stage.
Principle of interest
Interest is the best teacher. To learn English, you must be interested and try to cultivate this interest. If you are not interested in English, you will not have sustained enthusiasm and motivation, and it will be difficult to persist in English learning. On the contrary, once you become interested in English and try to cultivate this interest, you will do it unconsciously and read, listen, speak and write English with a strong desire. You will take the initiative to find someone to practice English, and you will find every opportunity to improve your English. Your English will improve unconsciously. You learned English before you knew it. Therefore, interest plays an important role in learning English well. However, despite knowing the importance of interest, few people consciously and step by step cultivate and develop their interest in English.
So, how to cultivate the interest in English learning?
This is how interest is generated and developed in practice again and again. Your love for a thing is produced in practical use, and it is deeper and deeper. If you can try to make use of the fun of learning English as early as possible in the process of learning English, then your interest in learning English will increase day by day. Specifically, you should find opportunities to use English when you start learning English. For example, as soon as you start learning English, you talk to "foreigners" and soon learn spoken English. Also, you want to improve your listening, and you just like listening to the news. Then, if you insist on listening to English news every day, you will soon improve your listening. With people who love English, love can be passed on to each other. If a person is full of love and passion for English, you will naturally love English with him. Several friends in my university have one thing in common: there are no conditions for loving English. The madness of others' love for English will make you deeply love English. So you really should make friends with people who love English, so that your love for English will influence each other and become stronger. For example, if you have several friends who like learning English, you can form an English study group to learn reading, speaking and writing together. When several friends get together, they chat in English, discuss their experiences in English learning and ask each other questions. If one of them has excellent English, then everyone else can keep up with him. Of course, high-level students can also learn from the advantages of others. So everyone will make rapid progress.
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Matters needing attention
The key to English learning is to find a breakthrough. If you like reading, you might as well start with simple books. If you like songs, you might as well start with English songs. If you like newspapers, let's start with newspapers. If you like movies, watch English movies first. Remember, interest is the most important thing in doing anything!
How to learn junior high school mathematics well
Mathematics is a basic subject. For middle school students, the level of mathematics directly affects the academic performance of physics, chemistry and other disciplines, and the important position of mathematics can be seen.
Steps/methods
1
Deeply understand the concept.
Concept is the cornerstone of mathematics. Learning concepts (including theorems and properties) requires not only knowing why, but also knowing why. Many students only pay attention to memorizing concepts and ignore their own background, so they can't learn math well. For every definition and theorem, we should know how it comes from and where it is used on the basis of remembering its content. Only in this way can we make better use of it to solve problems.
2
Look at some examples.
Careful friends will find that after explaining the basic content, the teacher will always give us some extra-curricular examples and exercises, which is of great benefit. The concepts and theorems we learn are generally abstract. In order to make them concrete, we need to apply them to the theme. Because we have just come into contact with this knowledge, we don't have enough skills to use it. At this time, examples will be of great help to us, and we can put the existing concepts in our minds in the process of reading examples.
You can't just look at the fur, not the connotation.
When we look at the examples, we really want to master their methods and establish a wider way to solve problems. If we look at something, we will lose its original meaning. Every time we look at a topic, we should clarify its thinking and master its thinking method. If we encounter similar topics or the same type of topics again, we will have a general impression and it will be easy to do, but we must emphasize one point unless we are very sure.
We should combine thinking with observation.
Let's look at an example. After reading the questions, we can think about how to do it first, and then compare the answers to see what our ideas are better than the answers, so as to promote our improvement, or our ideas and answers are different. We should also find out the reasons and sum up experience.
Examples of various difficulties are taken into account.
Looking at examples step by step is the same as "doing problems" in the back, but it has a significant advantage over doing them: examples have ready-made answers and clear ideas, and you can draw conclusions as long as you follow their ideas, so you can look at some skillful, difficult and difficult examples, such as competition problems with moderate difficulty, without exceeding what you have learned.
three
Do more exercise.
If you want to learn math well, you must do more exercises, but some students can learn it well by doing more exercises, and some students still can't learn it well after doing a lot of exercises. The reason is whether "doing more exercise" is correct or not. When we say "do more exercises", we don't mean "crowd tactics". The latter does nothing but think, and cannot consolidate concepts and broaden ideas. Moreover, it has "side effects": it confuses what has been learned, wastes time and gains little. When we say "do more exercises", we ask everyone to think about what knowledge it uses after doing a novel topic, whether it can be explained more, whether its conclusion can be strengthened and popularized, and so on.
You must be familiar with all kinds of basic problems and master their solutions.
Every exercise in the textbook is aimed at a knowledge point, which is the most basic topic and must be mastered skillfully; Extra-curricular exercises also have many basic questions, with many methods and strong pertinence, which should be done soon.
Many comprehensive problems are just the organic combination of several basic problems. If you master the basic problems, you can't worry about solving them.
In the process of solving problems, we should consciously pay attention to the thinking method reflected in the topic in order to form a correct thinking mode.
Mathematics is a world of thinking, and there are many thinking skills, so every problem will reflect certain thinking methods in the process of proposition and problem solving. If we consciously pay attention to these thinking methods, after a long time, we will form a "universal" solution to each kind of problem in our minds, that is, the correct mindset, and it will be easy to solve such problems at this time; At the same time, I have mastered more thinking methods and laid a certain foundation for doing comprehensive problems.
Do more comprehensive questions.
Comprehensive questions are favored by proposers because of the many knowledge points used.
Doing comprehensive questions is also a powerful tool to test your learning effect. By doing comprehensive questions, you can know your own shortcomings, make up for them, and constantly improve your math level.
Do more exercise for a long time and do it several times a day. After a long time, there will be obvious effects and greater gains.
four
How to treat exams?
Learning mathematics is not only for exams, but also for exam results, which can basically reflect a person's mathematics level and quality. In order to get good grades in the exam, the following qualities are essential.
Kung fu should be used in peacetime, and there will be no accidents before the exam. What you need to master in the exam should be mastered in peacetime, and don't be tired the night before the exam. In this way, you can have abundant energy in the examination room. When taking the exam, we should put down the burden, drive away the pressure, concentrate on the test paper, analyze it carefully and reason closely.
Examination requires skill. After the papers are handed out, we should first look at the questions and allocate time. If you spend too much time on a problem and haven't found a way of thinking, you can put it in the past for a while and finish what you have to do. Think about it later. After one question is finished, don't rush to do the next one, read it again, because the ideas in your mind are still clear and easier to check. For the answers to several questions, you can use the conclusion of the previous question when answering the following questions. Even if the previous question is not answered, as long as the source of this condition (of course, it is required to prove the topic) can be used. In addition, you must consider the test questions comprehensively, especially the fill-in-the-blank questions. Some should indicate the range of values, and some have more than one answer. Be careful and don't miss them.
Be calm during the exam. Some students get hot heads when they encounter questions that they can't understand. As a result, when they are anxious, they can't do what they could have done. You can't get good grades in this state of mind. We might as well use the psychology of comforting ourselves during the exam: others will not do what I can't do, and (commonly known as the spiritual victory method) may be able to calm down and play their best. Of course, comfort belongs to comfort, for those who care.