The following is a quotation:
Standardized examination is the characteristic of educational evaluation model in the industrialized era. The time when China introduced this kind of examination was 1982, which was the peak of industrialized education in the United States. However, the following year 1983, the United States published "The country is in danger: education reform is urgently needed" according to a large number of problems existing in its own industrialized education, and then 1984 published "Geras compromise: the dilemma of American middle schools" and 1985 published "America 20061" Soon, another 10,000 scholars from various fields participated in the research on the national standards of science education in the United States. Since then, the United States has begun an educational reform that affects the whole country, and exams have gradually abandoned standardization and become a comprehensive evaluation of students.
On the eve of the gradual abandonment of standardized tests in the United States, China took over the "classics" of standardized tests from the United States in 1982, and took the lead in starting standardized test experiments in Guangdong in 1985. In the second year, Shandong, Guangxi and Liaoning joined in, and the experimental subjects expanded from mathematics and English to physics and chemistry. Since then, the number of provinces and cities participating in the experiment has increased rapidly, and the number of experimental subjects has also expanded rapidly. 65438-0989 The State Education Commission issued the "Implementation Plan for the Standardization of the National Unified Examination for Enrollment of Ordinary Colleges and Universities", which marked that the standardized examination officially entered the implementation stage.
At this point, the baton of the college entrance examination has produced an unprecedented command effect, and standardized examinations have forced basic education all over the country to follow the exam-oriented education.
Standardized exams export standardized answers and then use a reading machine. Machine marking is considered to be more "fair" and "scientific" than manual marking. Foreign manufacturers have also started to sell their marking machines in China, and these marking machines are losing their market after the evaluation method has been changed in the West. There are a large number of students in China, so it will cost a lot of foreign exchange to use imported marking machines. In order to save costs, the Examination Center of the State Education Commission organized universities to carry out research and development, and the results passed the expert appraisal on 1992, and the products of Tsinghua University and Shandong University began to be widely used. Of course, these products are not useless today, such as being used in elections and various statistics of the national economy, and they are still applicable scientific and technological products. But today, we have been able to distinguish the evaluation methods of industrialized education from those needed by new education. How inappropriate it is to give the machine those distinctive, diverse and lively answers to evaluate students! To put it more seriously, this machine is tantamount to killing students' personality!
The bigger drawback is that this mechanical evaluation method makes exam-oriented education go to an extreme degree. 199865438+1October 2 1 China Youth Daily published an article by a parent entitled "10 divided by 5, how much do you get?" , I extract as follows:
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The 7-year-old son is a senior 2 student in a good school in Beijing. In a math exam, there was a question like this: "How much is 10 divided by 5?" A: 10 is divided by 5 to get 2. I didn't expect to be deducted 0.5 points. Ask the teacher (the test paper is not issued by the school, and the standard answer is unified by the school district). The teacher said: The reason is that you didn't answer according to the regulations. The correct answer should be "2". The kind teacher told the children with regret that you should not make mistakes in writing like this, but there are strict requirements on the answers to the test papers. In the future, answer the division questions from the last comma, and don't write too much.
The child remembered it, but it brought another "mistake".
The question this time is: "What is the quotient of 26 divided by 4?" The child replied: Quotient 6 is greater than 2. Deduct 0.5 points this time.
I asked the child why he didn't answer from the last comma as the teacher said. He was puzzled and said, "You can't answer the quotient, only the remainder!" " ! Otherwise, what do you say? "
I know what the child said is reasonable, but I can't guess the questioner's request, so I have to say, "Don't worry about it, just answer it in the way the teacher says, just write' Yu 2' and see how the teacher changes it."
The next day, the question we changed was judged wrong again. Asked the teacher, the teacher also said helplessly that the exam was not good this time, and commas should not be placed on the "remaining few"
The child said, "I can't answer this question."
Unexpectedly, the Chinese exam is the same. Before the final exam, the child dropped 5 points in another Chinese exam.
The test question is like this: connect each group of words into sentences, write them down and add punctuation marks. The word given is: Watt who invented the steam engine is right.
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The son replied, "It was Watt who invented the steam engine." Although the sentence is fluent, meets the requirements, and is a correct stressed sentence, the child does not get 1 because it does not meet the standard answer. It turns out that the standard answer given above is: "The steam engine was invented by Watt" or "Watt invented the steam engine".
Several experiences have taught me that cursing and complaining are useless, and it is important not to let children be ruined by this rigid education. I told the child that you wrote it correctly. The child immediately asked me, "So Watt invented the steam engine, right?"
I said, "Good!"
China Education News1October 25th 1999 also reported that Chen Zhili, then Minister of Education, pointedly pointed out that even Chinese answers should be standardized, so "Qi-Xin cooperation" was right and "Qi Xin cooperation" was wrong. This kind of education is rigid, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students' innovative consciousness.
The standardized examination of the college entrance examination is a "master", and the standardized examination of the senior high school entrance examination and even the primary school is learned from the "master". Many parents have never understood this kind of exam, and they can't laugh or cry. However, if teachers are not so strict with the cultivation of primary and junior high school students, students will lose points in the future senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination. What if they can't get into high school or university? ..... Students who enter the university are trained in this way, and the pressure of "going to school first" also seriously consumes their creativity. On the one hand, the standardized examination from the college entrance examination has profoundly affected basic education, on the other hand, it has also affected university education.