Central processing unit mainly includes arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and cache, and data, control and status buses to realize the connection between them. Together with memory and input/output (I/O) devices, it is called the three core components of electronic computer.
The CPU is made of a particularly pure silicon material. A CPU chip contains millions of sophisticated transistors. People etch or photoetch transistors on a nail-sized silicon wafer. So, in this sense, CPU is composed of transistors. Simply put, a transistor is a micro electronic switch. They are the cornerstones of building CPU. You can think of transistors as light switches. They have an operation bit, which represents two states: on and off. This on-off is equivalent to the on-off of the transistor, and these two states just correspond to the basic states "0" and "1" in the binary system! In this way, the computer has the ability to process information.
In fact, all electronic devices have their own circuits and switches, and the flow or disconnection of electrons in the circuits is completely controlled by the switches. If you set the switches to off, the electrons will stop flowing, and if you set them to on again, the electrons will continue to flow. This on-off switching of transistors is only controlled by electrical signals, and we can call transistors binary devices.
If any number can be accurately represented by the change of the state of the beads on the abacus, and the numbers represented by the state of the beads on the abacus can be correctly read, then there is an entry requirement for using the abacus to calculate. Then let's take a closer look at why cpu transistors are calculated.
Why do cpu transistors calculate
The calculation method of cpu is like an abacus. One more abacus and one less abacus. The switch of the transistor is represented by 1 and 0, and the calculation result is read in binary mode. Abacus is a direct number with different expressions, but neither abacus nor CPU can directly perform multiplication and division, but can only perform addition and subtraction, multiply several times and then subtract several times.
Thanks to mathematics and mathematicians, mathematics makes the world logically transparent, and mathematicians make us understand all this. The logic unit of cpu displays 0 and 1 by changing the level. When dozens or even hundreds of millions of logic cells are side by side, a lot of binary data11kloc-0/01… 001kloc-0/01065438 can be obtained by reading the level state. Simple mathematics 1+ 1 or 2, how about complex calculation? 12345*5432 1, multiplication is addition and division is subtraction, okay? What about more complicated function calculations? Thanks to Fourier transform, any periodic function can be regarded as the superposition of sine and cosine functions, and the principle is not explained here. Anyway, remember that because of various mathematical tools, square root differential integral, data can be replaced by addition calculation. Of course, different algorithms can also be used. This is another story. Back to the problem, cpu is just like this in the integrated circuit, and then naturally gives 2 1 century new development momentum.
To understand this problem, you must first have some knowledge of electricity counting. CPU is composed of transistors, which can be used to easily construct AND gates, or AND gates and NOT gates. There is no doubt about it. Then using these logics, we can form various triggers, which need no more explanation. Then, you can further form the shift register by using flip-flops. Here, you can easily form an adder and a subtractor, and the number uses 0. 1 indicates that the circuit corresponds to high level and low level. As for multiplication and division, the most basic unit of operation is addition and subtraction. Here, with the basic four operations, you have the ability of information processing, which is nothing more than using certain rules to form different zeros 1. When you weld an adder, you will understand it thoroughly.
Calculations are for people to see. Transistors don't know what calculation is. They have only two states, high and low, commonly known as 0 and 1. Transistors form large input and output elements through different combinations, and these elements form logic circuits through combination. This means that we call it the operation basis, logic circuits are recombined to form the operation circuit, and the operation circuit is integrated to form the CPU, which is what we call calculation! So the calculation is for the whole CPU, not a single transistor!