The first part is the basic concept and measurement of macroeconomics.

Chapter 1 Introduction to Macroeconomics

Section 1 Research Objects and Basic Concepts of Macroeconomics

I macroeconomics and microeconomics

Second, the micro-foundation of macroeconomic theory

Third, flow and stock.

Four. Before and after.

Section 2 Research Methods of Macroeconomics

First, the philosophical basis of economic theory-world outlook and methodology

Second, balance and imbalance.

Third, static economics and dynamic economics.

Chapter II National Income Accounting

Section 1 Overview of National Income Accounting

Section 2 Circulation of Product Flow and Income Flow

I. National products and national income

Two-sector model: all national products are used for personal consumption.

Three, two-sector model: including savings and investment.

Four or three-sector model: government tax revenue and government expenditure.

V. Four-sector model: net export

Section 3 Accounting of Gross National Product and Service Value by Value Added Method

I. Final products and intermediate products

Second, the input-output table accounting NNP

Section IV Calculation of Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Product by Expenditure Method

First, consumption

Second, investment.

Three. Goods and services purchased by the government and transfer payments

Four. Export and import

Section 5 National Income Calculated by Income Method

Section 6 National Income, Personal Income and disposable personal income

I. National income and personal income

Second, disposable personal income.

Section 7 Nominal and Real Gross Domestic Product

First, the actual national production chain is weighted.

Second, the outer chain weight.

Thirdly, the application of Fisher Chain Index.

Section 8 Actual Production GDP and Potential Real GDP (Potential Real GDP)

Review thinking questions

Appendix method of national income accounting system

I. Introduction

Second, labor creates material wealth and labor provides (intangible) services.

Third, productive labor and unproductive labor

Fourth, the labor and value of producing goods.

Five, the use value and quantitative indicators of the national economic accounting system

The second part is the static equilibrium model of national income determination.

Chapter III Classical Macroeconomic Model

Section 1 Say's Law and "Keynesian Revolution"

Section II Say's Law and Classical Macroeconomic Model

First, Say's Law and Its Significance

Second, Say's law and interest rate theory: the equilibrium of capital market

Three. Say's Law and the Function of Money: Dichotomy and Neutrality of Money.

Fourthly, classical wage theory and full employment equilibrium: the equilibrium of labor market.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) theory of money quantity: the determination of price level.

Six, the classical macroeconomic model

Section III "Keynesian Revolution"

Review thinking questions

The fourth chapter is a simple Keynesian macroeconomic model.

Section 1 Effective Demand

I. Total supply price and total supply

Second, the total demand price and total demand

Third, effective demand and macro-equilibrium.

Consumption function in the second quarter

First, the consumption function

Second, the average propensity to consume and marginal propensity to consume

Third, the saving function.

Fourth, the basic psychological law of consumption tendency.

Section 3 Investment Function

Section IV Decision on Balancing National Income

I. Decision on the Balance of Total Supply, Total Demand and National Income

Second, the decision to balance savings and investment with national income.

Section 5 multiplier principle

I. Overview

Second, the simplified multiplier.

Third, the change of consumption function and multiplier.

Review thinking questions

Chapter V Government Expenditure, Taxation, Import and Export

Section 1 Government Expenditure and Government Expenditure Multiplier

Section 2 Government Expenditure, Taxation and Tax Multiplier

First of all, the net tax revenue has not changed.

Second, balance the budget multiplier

Third, taxes change with income.

Section 3 Government Transfer Payment and Transfer Payment Multiplier

The fourth quarter fiscal policy and full employment

Section 5 Exports and Export Multipliers

Simple export multiplier

Two. Import, tax and export multipliers

Review thinking questions

Chapter VI Consumption Theory

The first section Keynes's consumption function

Section 2 Cross-sectional Consumption Function

Section III Short-term (Economic Cycle) Consumption Function and Long-term Consumption Function

First, the short-term consumption function

Second, the long-term consumption function

The fourth quarter absolute income hypothesis

Section 5 Relative Income Hypothesis

Section VI Assumption of Constant Income

Review thinking questions

Chapter VII Determination of Profit, Interest and Investment

Section 1 Marginal Efficiency of Capital and Investment Decision

First, the investment theory of neoclassical economics

Second, the balance between marginal productivity of capital interest rate and investment decision

Three. Determination of marginal efficiency, interest rate and investment amount of investment

Section 2 Determination of Acceleration Principle and Investment

I. Capital-output ratio

Second, the acceleration principle

Section 3 Interest Rate, Investment and IS Curve

Review thinking questions

Chapter VIII Determination of Money Supply and Demand and Interest Rate

Section 1 Three Motives of Money Demand

First, trading motives.

Second, the prevention motivation

Third, speculative motives.

Fourth, the total demand for money.

Section 2 Determination of Money Supply and Demand and Equilibrium Interest Rate

Section 3 Changes of Equilibrium Interest Rate

I. Changes in the money supply

Second, the change of income level.

Third, the change of speculative money demand.

Review thinking questions

Chapter 9 Extended Keynesian Macroeconomic Model: IS-LM Model

Section 1 Product Market Equilibrium: IS Curve

First, product market balance.

Second, the derivation of IS curve

Thirdly, the characteristics of IS curve.

Section 2 Money Market Equilibrium: LM Curve

First, the balance of the money market

Second, the derivation of LM curve

Third, the characteristics of LM curve

In the third quarter, the product market and the money market reached equilibrium at the same time: IS-LM model

The fourth quarter changes in the equilibrium of the two markets

First, the change of aggregate demand: the shift of IS curve.

Second, the change of money supply: the movement of LM curve

Review thinking questions

Chapter 10 Total Demand Supply and Keynesian Macroeconomic Model

Section 1 aggregate demand curve (AD)

First, aggregate demand curve's deduction.

Second, the movement of aggregate demand curve.

Third, the mathematical equation of AD curve

Total supply curve in the second quarter (AS)

Section 3 Keynesian aggregate supply function: monetary wages are fixed.

Section four: the total supply function of classical school: variable money wage rate

Section V Total Demand and Keynesian Macroeconomic Model

I. Derivation of AD curve and its changes

Second, AS curve AD curve and Keynesian macroeconomic equilibrium

The sixth section is a brief summary: Keynesian macroeconomics and classical macroeconomics.

First, Keynesian macroeconomics

Second, classical macroeconomics.

Third, the actual equilibrium effect: Keynesian effect and Pigou effect.

Review thinking questions

Part III Monetary Theory and Monetary Policy

Chapter II Money Supply in XI

Section 1 Definition and Function of Currency

I. Money, assets and wealth

Second, the function of money.

Third, the measurement of money.

Section 2 Banking System and Deposit Creation

I. Central Bank

Second, the deposit reserve

Third, deposit creation and deposit multiplier

Fourth, the "leakage" in the process of deposit creation.

Section III Determination of Money Supply

First of all, the decision of money supply

Second, the factors affecting the money supply.

Section 4 Exogeneity and Endogeneity of Money Supply

The first is the "gold bar dispute"

Second, the monetary school and the banking school.

Third, Marx's currency circulation formula.

Fourth, Wicksell and Fisher.

V Keynes and monetarism

Abstract of intransitive verbs

Review thinking questions

Chapter XII Money Demand

The first section is the traditional theory of money quantity.

First, Fisher's trading equation.

Second, Cambridge equation.

Section 2 Keynes's Money Demand Function

First of all, Keynes's flow preference theory

Second, baumol's "square root formula"

Third, Tobin's asset selection theory.

Section 3 Monetary Demand Function of Monetarism

Section IV Summary

Review thinking questions

Chapter XIII Macroeconomic Policies

Section 1 Policy Objectives

Section II Fiscal Policy

I. Fiscal revenue and expenditure and public debt

Two. Decision on fiscal revenue and expenditure and national income

Third, automatic stabilizers and proactive fiscal policies

Fourth, compensatory fiscal policy, full employment budget surplus and financial drag.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) fiscal deficit and public debt

Section 3 Monetary Policy

First, the goal of monetary policy.

Second, monetary policy tools.

Third, selective control.

Fourth, moral advice.

Section 4 Rules and Appropriate Monetary Policy

I. Introduction

Second, the view of monetary school in favor of rules.

Third, The Taylor Rule.

Fourth, the rules and the credibility of the central bank

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Monetary growth target and inflation rate target —— A historical review of the central bank

Review thinking questions

The fourth part is post-Keynesian macroeconomics

Chapter XIV Monetarism

The first part is an overview.

Section II Theoretical Basis

First, the restated theory of money quantity.

Second, the macroeconomic model

Third, the natural unemployment rate hypothesis and the theory of accelerating inflation.

Section III Empirical Data

First, positive economics's method

Second, the exogenous nature of money supply.

Section IV Policy Propositions

Review thinking questions

Chapter 15 Rational Expectation School: Neoclassical Economics

Section 1 Expectation and Rational Expectation

I. Expectations and general equilibrium in Walras

Second, static expectation, extrapolation expectation and adaptive expectations.

Third, rational expectations.

Section 2 Rational Expectation and Inefficiency of Stability Policy

I. Phillips curve

Second, the natural unemployment rate hypothesis and vertical Phillips curve

Thirdly, rational expectation and the ineffectiveness of stabilization policy.

Section 3 Lucas aggregate supply function and rational expectation macroeconomic model

I. Macroeconomic model of rational expectation

Second, Lucas aggregate supply function and economic cycle

Three. abstract

The fourth quarter, the real economic cycle model

Review thinking questions

Chapter 16 New Keynesianism

The first part is an overview.

First, Walras general equilibrium model.

Second, the Keynesian revolution and neoclassical synthesis.

Third, Keynesianism and Neo-Keynesianism.

Section II Actual Balance Effect of Patinkin

First, Patinkin's development of Walras's general equilibrium theory.

Second, Patinkin and non-Walras equilibrium.

Section 3 Clovo's Double Decision Theory

The fourth quarter, Lai Rong Hovde and wage price rigidity

Section V General Equilibrium Model of Barrow and Grossman Non-Walras Equilibrium

Section VI New Keynesian Interpretation of Economic Cycle: Microeconomics of Wage Price Stiffness

I. Monopoly and price determination

Second, the labor contract

3. Markup pricing and long-term price agreement

Review thinking questions

The fifth part is dynamic economics

Chapter 17 Economic Cycle Theory

The first part is an overview.

Section 2 Economic Cycle Theory

The third section is the theory of insufficient consumption and excessive savings.

First, sismondi's theory of insufficient consumption.

Second, Malthus's theory of excessive savings

Third, Hobson's theory of excessive savings (insufficient consumption)

Fourth, Foster and Kajing's theory of insufficient consumption.

The fourth quarter disproportionate crisis theory-excessive investment (capital shortage or excessive consumption)

First, the theory of monetary overinvestment.

Two. Non-monetary overinvestment theory

Section 5 Schumpeter's "Innovation" Cycle Theory

Section VI Pure Currency Crisis Theory

Section 7 Theory of Political Business Cycle

Section 8 Capital Stock Adjustment Theory-Interaction between Multiplier and Accelerator

Chapter 18 Theory of Economic Growth

The first part is an overview.

The second quarter Harold Thomas economic growth model

I. Real growth rate

Second, ensure the growth rate.

Third, ensure the growth rate, real growth rate and economic cycle.

Fourth, the natural growth rate

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Thomas economic growth model

Abstract of intransitive verbs

Section III Neoclassical Growth Model

First, per capita capital can change the growth model.

Second, the neoclassical growth model of income distribution

Third, the golden rule.

Section four: Cambridge economic growth model-a growth model with variable national income distribution share.

First, the "capital struggle" between the two Cambridge universities.

Second, Caldo's distribution theory and steady-state balanced growth

Third, Kaletski's dynamic macroeconomic model.

Section 5 Technical Progress and Economic Growth

First, the meaning of technological progress

Second, neutral technological progress and non-neutral technological progress

Section VI Measurement of the Source of Economic Growth

First, the theoretical basis

Second, the source of Solow's growth measurement

Third, the source of Denison's growth measurement.

Chapter 19 Inflation Theory

Section 1 Definition of Inflation

Section 2 Causes and Results of Inflation

First, demand drives inflation.

Second, cost drives inflation.

Third, structural inflation.

Four. abstract

Section 3 Expectation and Inflation

I. Core inflation

Second, the natural unemployment rate hypothesis and accelerating inflation.

Section 4 Phillips curve and expectation

Section 5 Phillips curve and unemployment

First, Lipset's theoretical interpretation

Second, Phelps's "job-seeking unemployment"

Section VI "Stagflation" Causes and Countermeasures

I. Four stages of the inflation cycle

Second, the length of stagflation-the debate between Keynesianism and monetarism.

Part VI International Economics

Chapter 20 International Trade Theory

Section 1 Mercantilism

Adam Smith's theory of absolute advantage in the second quarter

One, two countries and two products

Two countries and three products

Section III Ricardo's Comparative Cost Theory

I. Decision on trade patterns

Second, the terms of trade determine.

3. Does Ricardo's international value theory "violate" the labor theory of value?

Section IV John Mill's International Value Theory-Common Demand Theory

Section 5 Marshall's foreign trade curve

Section VI Distribution of Interests in International Trade

Section 7: Heckschel Olin's Theory of Resource Endowment

Chapter XXI Foreign Trade Policy

Section 1 Economic Effects of Tariffs

I. Tariffs

Second, subsidies to producers.

Section 2 Non-tariff Trade Barriers

I. Import quotas

Second, other non-tariff barriers.

Three. export quotas

Section 3 Contemporary World Trade Policy

I. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Second, regional economic integration.

Chapter XXII International Finance and International Monetary System

Section 1 Balance of payments

I. Current account

Two. capital account

Three. Balance or settle accounts

Section 2 Foreign Exchange and Exchange Rate System

I. Foreign exchange and exchange rate

Second, the adjustment and change of exchange rate.

Third, the fixed exchange rate of the gold standard

4. Free floating exchange rate

Five, purchasing power parity theory

Section III Evolution of the International Monetary System

First, the gold standard.

Two. Bretton Woods international monetary system

Third, the end of the Bretton Woods system and the management of the floating exchange rate system.

Section IV Adjustment of Balance of Payments

I. Automatic adjustment of the fixed exchange rate of the gold standard

Second, the balance of payments adjustment of the Bretton Woods Agreement.

Section 5 Macroeconomics of Open Economy

I. Internal balance and external balance

Second, the consistency and conflict between internal balance and external balance.

Third, direct control.

Four. abstract