The following is an overview of the ten principles of beauty:
1. Continuity is a strict order arrangement, with no beginning, no end and no edge. It is a special case of repetition, so regular repetition does not necessarily produce continuity. "Continuity" is an infinite extension, which can exceed any frame limit. "Continuity" includes two-way continuity and four-way continuity. Bidirectional continuity is a regular arrangement in which the unit shape is repeatedly arranged left and right or up and down. It can extend in straight line direction, zigzag direction and wave direction. Quadrilateral continuity refers to the phenomenon that the unit shape extends from left to right and also upward and downward, which can produce quadrilateral continuous graphics. Lines caused by two continuous edges are arranged repeatedly from left to right and from top to bottom, which is one of the methods to create quadrilateral continuous graphics.
2. Gradient is gradient, which has a certain order and law. "Gradient" includes shape gradient, size gradient, color gradient, position gradient and direction gradient. , can be used alone or in combination. The gradient of any constituent element has its beginning and end, or it starts from a certain side and then returns to the original cycle. For example, a shape gradient can start from one shape, gradually change to another shape, or gradually return from another shape to another shape. Whether it is the beginning or the end, it can be the focus of the design in the design of gradient, and it will cause a sense of rhythm in the whole repetition process of the beginning and the end. The way of gradual change can be top-down, left-to-right, central emission or diversification. The forms of gradient are: natural image gradient, shape gradient, size gradient, position gradient, direction gradient and color gradient.
3. Symmetry Visually, a shape that looks equal up and down or left and right based on a point or a line is called "symmetry". "Symmetry" means proportion, uniformity and consistency. Symmetric forms have always been considered to be stable and functional. The manifestations of "symmetry" are: line symmetry, point symmetry and sensory symmetry. Usually, symmetrical graphics have a simple and clear sense of beauty and static stability, but they are often monotonous and dull. Generally speaking, simple and symmetrical graphics have generous and powerful personality; Fine symmetrical graphics can increase the fullness of the work. Many commodity designs are designed by using this feature.
4. Contrast: Match and contrast related elements to form two kinds of antagonistic tension, which is called "contrast". This element that causes relative repulsion is generally called "contrast element". Contrast elements cover a wide range, including shape, color, texture, direction and area. Rounds, triangles and squares all belong to the contrast of shapes. For example, red bricks and gold bricks have the same shape, but their textures are obviously different, which has the nature of contrast. Whether the contrast phenomenon is strong or not depends on the configuration relationship of the contrast elements. Generally speaking, when different elements are combined and stimulate each other, there will be a phenomenon of contrast. The strong are stronger, the weak are weaker, the big ones are bigger and the small ones are smaller. In other words, the characteristics of a single element can be enhanced by comparing relationships. The manifestations of "contrast" are: linear contrast, shape contrast, weight contrast, lightness contrast, chroma contrast, tone contrast, texture contrast, dynamic contrast, position contrast and other contrast.
5. Proportion refers to the ratio between measures such as length or area in modeling, and describes parts and components; Or the relationship between parts and the whole. In human history, "proportion" has been used in architecture, furniture, science and technology, painting and other fields. Especially in Greek and Roman architecture, "proportion" is regarded as a symbol of beauty. In addition to architecture, there are several ideal proportions, which were formulated by ancient scholars in order to achieve unity and change as the basic principles of design. One of the most basic and important ratios is the "golden ratio". The ancient Greeks regarded "golden ratio" as the most perfect ratio and used it flexibly in time modeling. The basic method is to divide a straight line into two segments, the length ratio of small segment to large segment is equal to the length ratio of large segment to all line segments. This proportional division method is the "golden ratio".
6. Balance means that two forces keep each other, that is to say, two or more components are evenly arranged on a basic fulcrum to maintain mechanical balance and reach a stable state. In the order of shaping, "balance" is an extremely important one. Because the sculpture works don't really pay attention to the actual weight relationship, the word "balance" should belong to the visual balance in the plane sculpture world. This is different from the balance of mechanics, the balance of mathematics, and the "average" mentioned in other disciplines. For "balance", there are symmetrical balance and asymmetrical balance. In the practice of "balance", the key point is how to achieve visual stability and psychological balance. For example, the shape, color, weight, size, light and shade, color, strength and texture in the picture should be balanced to make people feel stable.
7. Harmony When two components coexist, if the phase difference is too large, it will cause "contrast". If the two components are similar, the contrast stimulus becomes smaller, and the same order can be produced to achieve a harmonious state. For example, black and white are contrasting colors, and the gray between them is the "harmony" between them. "Harmony" can make us feel beauty visually. Therefore, the principle of harmony has always been a topic of concern to people, especially color or modeling, which must be discussed constantly. But to achieve "harmony", we still need to unify the elements; Such as hue, hue and lightness, can all produce harmony. In modeling, such as the thickness of lines, the size of modeling will have an impact, but as long as the modeling can be consistent, it can also produce a sense of harmony. In addition to color and shape, texture is also an important harmonious factor. If the same materials are used as the materials of architecture or landscape design, it is also one of the ways to achieve "harmony".
8. Rhythm is a regular or irregular repetition and arrangement, or a periodic or gradual phenomenon. It gives people a sense of cadence and unity. Generally speaking, rhythm is closely related to time, because the beauty of rhythm can be expressed in other temporal art fields, such as music, dance, movies, drama, poetry and so on. In music, the use of time interval will make the strength or height of the sound show the beauty of rhythm and the change of cadence. In our living environment, there are rhythm phenomena in the changes of four seasons, the growth of plants, the movement of animals and various physiological reactions. In addition, the images of waves, sand dunes, wheat waves, kitchen smoke and roof tiles in nature have been constantly developed and repeated, showing a rhythmic visual beauty.
9. Unifying the same elements, organizing and arranging the same or similar elements in form, color and texture in an orderly or picturesque way, so that they can be connected or linked with each other in an orderly manner is "unification". "Unity" is a beautiful basic order. Generally speaking, unity can express noble and authoritative feelings, and can also achieve beauty such as balance and harmony. But excessive unification will lose its vividness and become a mere formality. For example, when the size, shape and color are exactly the same and arranged at equal distances, there will be a monotonous feeling. So while paying attention to unity, we should also pay attention to the issue of change. "Change" is also one of the forms of beauty. The so-called "change" is to seek change in heterogeneous elements. In other words, it is appropriate to organize different shapes, sizes, tones, lightness, chroma, direction and texture into organic tissues, so that they are lively and not chaotic. 10. The integrity of any artistic work, no matter what kind of beauty principle is used and how complicated the creative process is, the artist pursues the "integrity" of the work at the moment when the work is completed. Integrity is divided into sensory aspects according to people's different feelings and needs, including various senses, concepts and functions. For example, a good drama performance not only brings visual and auditory integrity to the audience, but also provides the audience with a complete creative idea that the playwright wants to express.