Zu Chongzhi calculated the true value of pi (π) between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927, which is equivalent to being accurate to the seventh decimal place and simplified to 3.141. Therefore, Zu Chongzhi was ranked first in the world record association world.

Zu Chongzhi also gave two fractional forms of pi: 22/7 (approximate rate) and 355/ 1 13 (secret rate), in which the secret rate is accurate to the seventh decimal place.

Zu Chongzhi's accurate calculation of pi is a great contribution to China and even the world. Later generations named him "Zu Chongzhi Pi".

2. Calendar achievements

Zu Chongzhi absorbed Zhao Xu's theory, and combined with his own observation, thought that there were too many jumps in 19 years, and there was a day difference in 200 years, while Zhao Xu's leap in 600 years was not very accurate. So Zu Chongzhi put forward a new leap method of 39 1 year 144 leap month.

Zu Chongzhi's leap week is extremely accurate. According to his calculation, the length of a tropical year is 365.438+04438+0 days, which is only 46 seconds away from today's calculation. It was not until the Southern Song Dynasty that more accurate data were available.

3. Astronomical achievements

Zu Chongzhi also observed and calculated the orbits of five planets, namely wood, water, fire, gold and earth, and the time required for one cycle, and gave a more accurate five-star rendezvous period.

Jupiter is 398.903 days (error 0.0 19 days), Mars is 780.03 1 day (error 0.094 days), Saturn is 378.070 days (error 0.022 days) and Venus is 583.93 1 day (error 0.0000)

4, machinery manufacturing

Zu Chongzhi has designed and manufactured water hammer mills, copper-driven compasses, thousands-mile ships, timers and so on. Zu Chongzhi improved water hammer mill. In the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, Du Yu improved and invented "continuous mill" and "water-to-water continuous mill".

A connecting machine can drive several stone pestles to land together; A water mill can drive eight mills to grind at the same time. On this basis, Zu Chongzhi has further improved it, combining water hammer with water mill to further improve the production efficiency.

5. Other achievements

Philosophical books, such as Yi, Lao, Zhuang, Interpretation of the Analects of Confucius, have all been lost. In terms of literary works, he is the author of Yi Shu Collection, and fragments of this work can be found in Taiping Magnolia and other books.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zu Chongzhi