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Science teaching plan for the fourth grade of primary school (Volume II)

I. teaching material analysis

The main purpose of the textbook is to stimulate students' interest in learning science courses, help them experience the characteristics of learning science courses, guide them to try scientific inquiry activities, and learn some simple scientific knowledge and basic skills of scientific inquiry.

From the object of inquiry, this textbook still focuses on understanding the nature of things and the relationship between things. From the perspective of inquiry, it still focuses on guiding inquiry, and gradually transitions to guiding inquiry. Especially in the experiment of controlling variables and quantitative observation, it is the first time for students, and it needs the guidance of teachers and specific operation methods. From the process and method, we should learn to use reasoning, analyze the causal relationship between things, pay attention to the measurement in the experiment, especially control variables, collect data and predict the experimental results.

The first unit "Bones and Muscles" mainly focuses on three main aspects of human exercise system-bones, joints and muscles, and the health care of exercise system, and mainly studies the relationship between them. The textbook design of this unit is mainly to guide students to observe and understand the movements of bones, joints and muscles, so that students can understand the functions of bones, joints and muscles, understand that every movement of the human body is the result of the interaction between bones, joints, muscles and other parts of the body, and know how to protect and exercise their own sports system.

The second unit "Silkworm rearing" is a personal activity with the life changes of silkworms as the observation object, mainly studying the periodic changes of animals. Experience the complete life cycle of animals, understand the knowledge of insects and metamorphosis, feel the magic and greatness of the life world, and experience the hardships and happiness of long-term feeding and observation.

The third unit "Motion of Objects" is to study the relationship between things. Through teaching, students realize that one object always moves relative to another, which is called "reference object" in a certain frame of reference. This is the "relativity of motion", which is one of the important principles in physics. The teaching content of this unit is carried out under this knowledge background. Realize that the movement of objects is regular, and only by studying it in person can we understand what kind of laws are between these movements. Research needs certain methods and skills.

Unit 4 "Ubiquitous Force" mainly studies the essence of things through the existence of cognitive power and several common forces. Students have experienced the phenomenon of force in their lives, but they have not studied it systematically and completely. Therefore, the main purpose of this unit is to guide and encourage students to explore the phenomenon of force in life, so that they can explore the secrets of science, experience the joy of success and discover the laws of nature through personal activities.

Unit 5 "Investigation and Prediction", investigation is a broad and inclusive method to collect evidence; Prediction is a basic scientific process skill and an inference of future development. Investigation and prediction are commonly used skills and methods in the process of scientific inquiry.

Second, teaching suggestions

1. There are some dotted boxes in the block diagram of unit teaching activities, which are some inquiry contents designed by teachers to break through textbooks. This fully embodies an obvious feature of the design intention of the textbook Science: diluting the textbook.

2. The short poem to be continued in front of the unit is to make students feel that science is not cold and interesting. Meanwhile, after learning this unit, students can try to write another paragraph.

3. The unit learning evaluation form is the process evaluation data of students, and it is a review of students' learning, from which they can gain the joy of success and may find their own shortcomings. It is also a feedback form for teachers to find their own teaching success or deficiency, and should not be careless. At the same time, they should give students some advice or encouragement in time, and teachers and students should study and explore again when necessary.

4. When teaching the first unit, because the teaching of this unit requires students to feel their bones and muscles through touch, if the weather is cold at the beginning of school, it is not conducive to students to carry out such activities in class. It is suggested that the teaching of this unit can be carried out after the temperature is high and the students are lightly dressed.

5. In the second unit, in view of the supply of silkworm eggs and mulberry leaves, it should be carried out in time. It is recommended to postpone it later. The life span of silkworms should be about 40 days, and the teaching should be arranged alternately in other units. At the same time, students should be guided to make a good sericulture plan and keep a diary.

6. The movement of cars is based on the cars that students like. According to the scientific understanding procedure of "problem-prediction-verification-conclusion", what factors are related to the movement? In this process, the hypothesis must be complete and clear in the group before the experiment. What remains the same? What needs to be changed? Because this is the first time that students use the method of "controlling variables" to collect evidence. Teachers should also discuss the data processing in the experimental records with students in advance, such as five times of data, and the final result is to take the average, the middle number, or three out of five, so that the whole class forms a unified standard. Cultivate students' awareness of speaking with experimental data.

7. Where is the strength? Let the students know that any force is the action of one object on another, and let them have a superficial understanding of force. By playing chess, we know that the force should be reasonable, the direction should be positive, and the point of force should be accurate.

Gravity is the most common force in our life, and related phenomena are also common. The force that an object is pulled to the ground is gravity, and the direction is vertical downward. This is because the earth attracts objects around it, but either the attraction of the earth to objects is gravity, because gravity is composed of many aspects, and gravity is not gravity. Stationary objects are also affected by gravity, which is universal. Friction is related to gravity and the smoothness of contact surface, but not to the size of contact surface.

8. Pay attention to the changes of things in different periods, grasp the similarities and differences and characteristics of some things, and find out the ins and outs of things; The prediction should make use of the existing evidence and experience, and can't talk nonsense.

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