1. Number recognition and operation: including number recognition from 0 to 9, number comparison, operation rules of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, etc.
2. Understanding of quantity and value: Students need to understand the concept of quantity and be able to simply compare and sort the quantity.
3. Understanding of fractions and decimals: Students need to understand the basic concepts of fractions and decimals, and can perform simple addition and subtraction operations of fractions and decimals.
4. Understanding of geometric figures: Students need to know common geometric figures, such as squares, rectangles, circles and triangles, and can classify and compare simple geometric figures.
5. Data collection and collation: Students need to learn to collect and collate data, be able to make simple charts and graphs, and conduct simple data analysis.
6. Understanding of time and calendar: Students need to know how to read clocks, be able to read calendars and calculate simple times and dates.
7. Understanding and calculation of currency: Students need to know the basic unit and face value of currency, and can perform simple addition and subtraction operations of currency.
8. Logical reasoning and problem solving: Students need to cultivate the ability of logical thinking and problem solving, and be able to solve simple mathematical problems through analysis and reasoning.
The above are some mathematics knowledge that primary schools must master, which lays a solid foundation for students to further study mathematics in junior and senior high schools.