It is transmitted to the pantograph through the tower and to the train through the conductor. Simple suspension state equation is a mathematical model describing the relationship between deformation and displacement of rail or electric catenary. In railway transportation, this model is widely used to analyze and design catenary system. In catenary, power is transmitted from overhead lines to pantographs through iron towers, and then to trains through wires. However, due to the complexity of railway lines and the influence of external environmental factors (such as wind and temperature), there is a certain distance difference and relative displacement between pantographs and overhead lines. If not controlled, there will be problems such as poor contact and increased energy consumption.