Last name: Li

Origin: According to the data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, Li is the largest surname in China, accounting for about 7.9% of the Han population, or more than 87 million people. Li is widely distributed in China, mostly in the north, and almost all over the world overseas. According to ancient records, Li is a descendant of Ying's biography (Xu), whose original name was Li (marble Li). Because he could not escape, he settled in Luyi County, Henan Province at the end of Shang Dynasty. In order to appreciate (the fruit of a woody plant) being there when he escaped and avoid Yin's pursuit, he changed his surname Li. Li lived in Henan for more than 200 years from the end of Shang Dynasty to the beginning of Eastern Zhou Dynasty. During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Li's surname developed to Gansu and Hebei. During the Western Han Dynasty, one of Li's surnames moved to today's Shandong. From about the Eastern Han Dynasty, Li moved to the southwest, distributed in Sichuan and Guangxi. Before the Tang Dynasty, the surname Li mainly developed in the north and only distributed in some areas south of the Yangtze River. The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of China's feudal society, which ruled for nearly 300 years. As a "national surname", Li is the most prominent. There were many descendants of the Li family in the Tang Dynasty. In addition, all those who made meritorious deeds in the Tang Dynasty were given the surname Li, which greatly expanded the population of Li. After the great development of the Tang Dynasty, Li began to move south, mainly for three times. The first time was when Henan Li entered Fujian and opened Zhangzhou; The second time was the Anshi Rebellion, and many people surnamed Li moved south to escape the war. The third time from the Huang Chao Uprising in the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, due to the long-term turmoil in the Central Plains, Li directly entered Fujian and Guangdong from Chang 'an and Henan. In the history of China, more than 60 people took Li as the king and emperor, and successively established the regimes of Dacheng, Xiliang, Wu, Wei, Tang, Chu, Later Tang, Nantang, Dashu, Dashun and so on. In addition, Li's talent is also passed down from generation to generation. In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a famous thinker and founder of Taoism, Li Er (Laozi); In the Tang Dynasty, there were politicians Li Yuan and Li Shimin, and great poets Li Bai, Li He and Li Shangyin. Five pronouns Li Houzhu; Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Northern Song Dynasty, was a famous Li Xianzhong. Li Shizhen, an outstanding physician in Ming Dynasty, Li Mengyang, a writer, and Li Zicheng, the leader of peasant uprising; Li and Li Xiucheng, generals of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Qing Dynasty, and Li Yu, a drama theorist and writer; In modern times, there were the earliest Marxists in China, Li Dazhao, one of the founders of China * * * Production Party, and geologist Li Siguang. Li Yeyong, who lives abroad, shows many outstanding talents. Chinese-Americans Li Zhengdao and Li Yuanzhe won the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry respectively, and they are world-class scientists. Lee Kuan Yew, a native of Guangdong, was once the Prime Minister of Singapore. Ten financial groups in modern Hong Kong, Guangdong, chaozhou people, Li Ka-shing, etc.

Rank: 2

Wang

Origin: According to expert research, Wang Xing accounts for about 7.4% of the Han population, that is, more than 80 million people, and is the second largest surname in China. There are many sources, but one thing is the same, that is, most descendants of emperors call themselves kings. Three of them are from King Ji. First, the descendants of 15 were originally royalty, so they took Wang as their surname and mainly lived in Shaanxi, Hebei and other places. Second, after Prince Dong was abolished as a civilian, the world called him "Wang Jia" because he was originally a royal family, and later took Wang as his surname, mainly living in Jiaonan County and Shanxi Province in Shandong Province. Third, the grandson of Ling Jun, the letter of the four sons of the Warring States, fled to Mount Tai after the defeat. Because he was originally a royal family, he also took Wang as his surname. Judging from his son's surname, he is a descendant of Prince Bigen. After Bigan was executed by a bad king by caesarean section, his descendants living in Weihui, Henan changed their surname to Wang, which later developed to Tianshui, Dongping, Xinye, Zhongshan, Zhangwu, Donglai and Hedong. Judging from the name of Tian Wang, Tian was the King of Qi in the Warring States Period. After being destroyed by Qin, the Qi people still called it the "Wang family", and later took Wang as their surname, mainly living in Changle, Shandong and Kaifeng, Henan. Others changed their surnames to Wang. Since then, Wang Xing has developed rapidly, and gradually moved to the south of the Yangtze River after the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, Wang Xing mainly moved to Fujian, but also moved to Sichuan, Anhui and Jiangxi. During the Northern Song Dynasty, he mainly moved to Jiangsu and Zhejiang. At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Wang Xing, who lived in Fujian, moved to Guangdong and other places. Since the late Ming Dynasty, Wang Xingren moved to Taiwan Province one after another. In the history of China, 14 people claimed to be the king and the emperor, and successively established the regimes of Xin, Han, Zheng, Yan, Min, Anyang and Blissful. The most prominent period of Wang Xing was the Six Dynasties. In these 300 years, He Xie's family has always been called a noble family. In other times, there were also talents, such as Wang Zhaojun of the Western Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were Wang Chong, a materialist philosopher, and Wang Jie, a writer who was one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an". There was a medical scientist Wang Shuhe in Wei and Jin Dynasties. There was a time when General Wang Dun and his cousin Wang Dao were in power; Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, calligraphers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty; Writer Wang Bo, poets Wang Wei, Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan, mathematician Wang Xiaotong, and physician Bing Wang, one of the "Four Masters of Early Tang Dynasty"; Wang Xing's most outstanding figure in Song Dynasty was Wang Anshi, who was also one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. There was a drama writer Wang Shifu in the Yuan Dynasty; Wang Shouren, a philosopher and educator in Ming Dynasty; In the Qing Dynasty, there were Wang Conger, a female leader of peasant uprising, and Wang Wenzhi, a writer. Wang Guowei, a modern scholar; Wang Ruofei, a proletarian revolutionary in modern China. Overseas Chinese also lack talents, such as "computer king" Wang An, who was once listed as one of the top ten richest people in the United States. Entrepreneur king; Wang Youzeng, Deputy Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy; "Astronaut" Wang Ganjun is a famous scientist.

Rank: 3

Last name: Zhang

Origin: The population of Zhang is about 78 million, accounting for 7. 1% of the Han population, and it is the third largest surname in China today. The origin of Zhang Can can be traced back to ancient legends. Ancient books recorded that the grandson of the Yellow Emperor waved a bow and arrow, which really made great contributions to society at that time, so he was given the surname Zhang. Another surname, Zhang, was formed in the Spring and Autumn Period, taking the words in the ancestors' names as surnames. The founder of Korea took Zhang Wei as his surname, and later generations took Zhang Wei as his surname. This Zhang surname is mainly in today's Henan Province. In addition, the chief of Nanman, who lived in Yunnan, was given the surname Zhang by Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period, and later generations took Zhang as their surname. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Zhang Liao was originally named Nie and later changed to Zhang. He lived in Xuchang for generations and became the most popular person. During the Jin Dynasty, Zhang moved from the Central Plains to Fujian. During the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Sui and Wang Chao moved to Fujian. After that, Zhang moved from Gwangju, Henan Province to Guangdong. Since the early Qing Dynasty, Zhang from Guangdong and Fujian moved to Taiwan Province Province, and many people made a living overseas. Most of Zhang's surnames are northerners, mainly Han people. Zhang has a prosperous surname, a prosperous population and many branches, and has developed into a noble family in many parts of the country. Since ancient times, Zhang has always been the surname of many talents. For example, during the Warring States period, there was a politician of Wei State, Zhang Yi; Sean and Zhang Qian were the most famous figures in the Western Han Dynasty. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were two most outstanding figures named Zhang Heng, a scientist and writer, and Zhang Zhongjing, a famous medical scientist. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling founded Taoism in Sichuan, known as "Zhang Tianshi" in history, Zhang Jiao, Sean and Zhang Bao founded Taiping Road Uprising, known as the "Yellow Scarf Army" in history, and Zhang Xiu and Zhang Lu founded Shitiandao. General Zhang Fei and Zhang Liao in the Three Kingdoms period; Zhang Hua, a writer in the Western Jin Dynasty; During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Zhang Feng, the leader of the peasant uprising, and Zhang Sengyou, the painter; In the Tang Dynasty, there were prime ministers, Zhang Jiuling, writer Zhang Xun, calligrapher Zhang Xu, novelist and poet Zhang, Zhang, Zhang and Zhang. Zhang Yuxian, the leader of the Five Dynasties Peasant Uprising; During the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Yu and Zhang Hai, the leaders of the peasant uprising, appeared. Southern Song Dynasty generals Zhang Xian and Zhang Jun; There was a general Zhang Hongfan in the Yuan Dynasty; Ming Dynasty statesman Zhang, painter Zhang Lu, medical scientist, famous Taoist Zhang Sanfeng, peasant uprising leader Zhang; In the Qing Dynasty, there were Zhang Boxing, the leader of the Nian Army, the leader of the Westernization School, and Zhang, Zhang and Zhang Zongchang, the northern warlords. Outstanding representatives of overseas Chinese surnamed Zhang include Zhang Daoxing, President of Lincoln University, Zhang Guangzhi, a professor at Harvard University, Zhang Fulin, an astronaut, Zhang Zhancheng, chief accountant of Washington World Bank, Zhang Jueming, a genetic biologist, famous painters Zhang Yuliang and Zhang Rong, Zhang Qiaoyun, senior chief engineer of NASA, and Zhang Rongfa, one of the top ten billionaires in Hong Kong.

Rank: 4

Last name: Liu

Origin: Liu is the surname of Gu Descendants. Yao's surname is Qi. According to legend, Lei, a descendant of Yao, is from Xia. A female dragon died because of bad breeding. He was afraid of Xia Di's punishment and secretly fled to Henan. His descendants thought the surname was Liu, the earliest surname in China. One of Liu Lei's descendants was named Du Bo, and Du Bo's son's great-grandson fled to Qin State because of domestic unrest, and later returned to China, but his son stayed in Qin State, and the descendants who stayed in Qin State resumed Liu's surname and lived in today's Shaanxi Province. In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bangci intermarried with some ethnic minorities and Xiang Bo clans. Later, Liu Bang married the Xiongnu and married the daughter of the royal family to the Xiongnu Khan. Because Huns have the habit of taking their mother's surname, many Huns are surnamed Liu. Due to the prosperity of the Han dynasty, the population of Liu has also developed greatly. In the early days, the surname Liu mainly developed and multiplied in the north. Liu moved to Fujian in the Jin Dynasty and to Guangdong and Guangxi in the Tang Dynasty. In the history of China, with as many as 66 kings and emperors of Wei Liu, the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Southern Han Dynasty, the Later Han Dynasty, the Northern Han Dynasty and the Daqi Dynasty were successively established. * * * lasted for more than 650 years, and it was the longest surname of China feudal dynasty. Liu has been in power for a long time and enjoys privileges, which is an important reason for the great development of population. There are also many talented people named Liu. In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu An, King of Huainan, organized thousands of people to compile Huainanzi. Liu Xiang, Liu Xin and his son, scholars, bibliographers, writers, the father of China Bibliography, exegetist Liu Xi. Liu Desheng, calligrapher of the Eastern Han Dynasty; In the Three Kingdoms, Wei had a philosopher Liu Shao; There was a mathematician Liu Hui in Wei and Jin Dynasties; Liu Kun, a general and poet in the Western Jin Dynasty, and Liu Ling, one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest"; Liu Laozhi, a brave general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty; Liu was a scholar and literary critic in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. His book is Wen Xin Diao Long, and Liu Jun is a scholar and writer. In the Sui Dynasty, there were Confucian classics masters Liu Xuan and Liu Zhuo, and peasant uprising leader Liu Yuanjin. Ada, a financial planner in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zhiji, a historian, Liu Yuxi, a writer and philosopher, Liu Changqing, a poet, and Liu Pi, an essayist; Northern Song Dynasty historian Liu Shu; There were poets Liu Guo and painters Liu Songnian in the Southern Song Dynasty. Liu Ying, a state-owned writer in Jin Dynasty; Liu Yin, a scholar in Yuan Dynasty, and Liu Futong, leader of the Red Scarf Army; In Ming and Qing Dynasties, many people represented by Wei Liu rose up against feudal oppression, such as Liu Tong, Liu Qi, etc. In addition, there are painter Liu Yu, poet Liu Tiren and novelist Liu E. Modern poets include Liu Dabai, Liu Bannong, a writer and linguist, Liu Zhidan, a proletarian revolutionary in China, Liu Hulan, a Communist party member, etc. Liu is the fourth surname in China, accounting for about 5.4% of the Han population, exceeding 60 million.

Rank: 5

Last name: Chen

Origin: Chen is a descendant of Shun. After the destruction of the Shang Dynasty, the ancestors and adherents were chased, and the descendants of Shun and Chen (place name, now Huaiyang, Henan Province) were named Chen, and all the descendants took Chen as their surname. Chandy 12 generation Sun Chen Wan changed his surname to Tian because he could not escape from Qi. After Qi was destroyed by Qin, he fled to Yuzhou and Xuchang, and resumed his family name. Since then, Chen has developed into a prominent family in the Central Plains. There is also a surname Chen, who was changed by ethnic minorities and also from Henan. The great development of Chen's surname was in 557 AD, and he was proclaimed emperor in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, with the country name Chen. At this time, the State of Chen created many wang xing, making the descendants of Chen spread all over the Yangtze River and. In the early Tang Dynasty, after several years of war, the imperial court sent Zheng Chen and Chen Yuanguang to suppress the rebellion in southern Fujian. After the situation stabilized, he settled in Fujian and became the most important branch of the Nanchen family. During the Southern Song Dynasty, due to the invasion of the southern nomads, a large number of surnames from the Central Plains moved to Guangdong. Chen moved to Guangdong, and in the late Ming Dynasty, Chen moved to Taiwan Province Province. Chen moved to Vietnam for a long time, with the largest number of people in Song Dynasty. So far, Chen is still listed as one of the top ten surnames in Vietnam. The Qin Dynasty in Shengzai Chen led the uprising of 900 people and held the first large-scale peasant uprising in the history of China. In the Western Han Dynasty, Chen Ping served as the prime minister of the three dynasties, resisting the famous Hunchen Tang; In the last years of Xin Mang, there were Mu Chen, the general of the Greenwood Rebel Army, and Chen Lin, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an"; Chen Shou, a historian of the Western Jin Dynasty; There were three prime ministers of Chen in the Tang Dynasty, namely, writer, Chen Hong, poet and general Chen, and Chen Shuozhen, the female leader of Zhejiang peasant uprising. In the Five Dynasties and the Early Song Dynasty, there was a famous Taoist Chen Tuan; Chen Shidao, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty; In the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen's most famous name was a thinker and writer, Chen, another poet, scholar and painter, Chen Juzhong. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Chen Youliang proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Han; The most famous Chen surnames in the Ming Dynasty were the famous painter Chen Hongshou and the traveler Chen Cheng. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were thinkers Chen Que, essayist Chen Zhenhui and novelist Marco. In the Qing Dynasty, there were Fujian company commander Chen Huacheng, poets Chen Gongyin and Chen Wenshu, writers Chen Shen, Taiping generals Chen Yucheng and Chen Decai, and the most famous figure in modern times was patriotic overseas Chinese leader Chen Jiageng. Chen's surname accounts for about 4.5% of the Han population, or more than 50 million people. It is the fifth largest surname in China today, with a high proportion of southerners. In addition, the surname Chen is also widely distributed among ethnic minorities.

Rank: 6

Last name: Yang

Source: Yang surname comes from Ji surname. There are two sources, one is based on the country name and the other is based on the place of residence. The descendants of Ji were sealed in Yang (now Hongdong County, Shanxi Province) and established the Yang State, and the monarch was called Yang Hou. Later, Yang State was annexed by Jin State, and the descendants of Yang Hou took Yang as their surname. After the state of Jin destroyed Yang, he gave it to his doctor, Yang She. Therefore, the descendants of Yang Sheshi are also surnamed Yang. The descendants of Yang Sheshi fled to Shaanxi due to civil strife, and then gradually developed to Henan and other places. From the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the end of the Tang Dynasty, Yang gradually moved to Fujian and other places. Since the Song Dynasty, Fujian has become one of the centers of Yang migration. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, in order to escape the war, Fujian Yang moved to Guangdong and later developed into a famous family. In the history of China, there were more than a dozen people who took Yang as emperor and king, and Sui and Wu regimes were established one after another. In the early Warring States period, there were philosophers Yang Zhu, scholars Yang He and atheists Yang Wangsun in the Western Han Dynasty. In the last years of Xin Mang, there were Yang Yin, a great scholar of the Red Eyebrow Army, Yang Xiu, a writer in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yang Quan, a philosopher in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Yang Jun, a general of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Yang Dayan, Emperor of the Sui Dynasty, who unified the whole country. Premier Yang Yan is also a wealth manager. In the Song Dynasty, the famous figure in Yang Zui was Yang Ye. Yang Ye and his sons, Yang and Sun Yang, were both famous soldiers in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were writers Yang Yi, scholars Shi Yang and doctors Yang Jie. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were poets Yang Wanli, philosophers Emperor Wen of Sui and mathematicians Yang Hui. There were poets Yang Zai and essayist Yang in Yuan Dynasty. Ming Dynasty poet Yang Ji, writer Yang Shen, painter Yang. Qing Dynasty scholar Yang, playwright Yang Chaoguan, general Yang of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and historical geographer Yang Shoujing. In modern times, there were Yang Yin, one of the strike leaders in the provinces and ports, his wife Yang Kaihui, Yang Jingyu, the main leader of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition, Yang Xianjiang, an educational thinker, and Yang Hucheng, a patriotic general. Among the overseas Chinese surnamed Yang, there are Nobel Prize winners in physics and famous American entrepreneurs. Yang is the sixth surname in China today, which is widely distributed all over the country.

Rank: 7

Last name: Zhao

Origin: The Hundred Family Names compiled in Song Dynasty listed Zhao as the first surname in the country because Zhao was the "national surname" in Song Dynasty, but it was not. According to research, Zhao is the seventh surname in China today. Zhao was born in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and his ancestor was Zhao Fu. Zhao Fu was a famous expert in driving slave chariots and horses in the Western Zhou Dynasty. After going out, there was a war in King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, so we have to hurry back. At this point, Zhao Fu traveled thousands of miles every day, so that Zhou Muwang defeated the invading enemy in time, so Zhou Muwang gave Zhao Di (now the north of Hongtong County, Shaanxi Province) to Zhao Fu. From then on, people in Zaofu were called Zhao. During the Warring States period, Zhao's surname mainly developed in Shanxi and Hebei, and gradually developed to Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi and Shandong after Qin Dynasty. During the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo was appointed as the county magistrate of Nanhai. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Guilin, Nanhai and Hunan counties were merged to establish Nanyue State. Since then, Zhao Tuo's descendants have thrived in this area. After the Han Dynasty, Zhao moved to Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places. Zhao was moved to Taiwan Province Province and some overseas areas during the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially after the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Zhao family has spread all over Jiangnan and Lingnan, and the Zhao regime ruled the Huaihe River and the south of Qinling Mountains for 150 years in the Southern Song Dynasty, so the Zhao family accounts for a high proportion of southerners. The most prominent period of Zhao surname was Song Dynasty. At the end of the Five Dynasties, Hebei people launched a mutiny in 960 AD, with Kaifeng as its capital and Song as its capital, which is called the Northern Song Dynasty in history. The Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by Jin in 1 126, and became emperor in Shangqiu, Hebei Province in 1 127, and then moved to Hangzhou, which was known as the Southern Song Dynasty and was destroyed by Yuan in 1279. Other figures surnamed Zhao are: Zhao Shuang, a mathematician in the Three Kingdoms period, and Zhao Yun, one of the generals of the Five Tigers; There was a Confucian scholar and a famous pianist Zhao in the Tang Dynasty. There was a painter Zhao Chang in the Northern Song Dynasty; There were poets Zhao Shixiu and painters Zhao and Zhao Boju in the Southern Song Dynasty. Jin Youwen Zhao Bingwen; Zhao Fu, a Neo-Confucianist in Song and Yuan Dynasties: There were painters Zhao Meng, Zhao Yong and Zhao Yuan in Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, there were Zhao Nanxing, a statesman and writer, Zhao Zuo, a painter, and Zhao Xianke, a physician. Poet Zhao Zhixin, doctor Zhao Xuemin, historian Zhao Yi, geologist and paleontologist Zhao Yaceng. During the Republic of China, there was China proletarian revolutionary Zhao Shiyan.

Rank: 8

Last name: Huang

Origin: During the reign of Shun Di, the leader of Dongyi tribe was named Boyi, and his descendants were divided into 14 surnames, among which the surname Huang was established by his descendants in Huangchuan, Henan at the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty. After Huang was destroyed by Chu, all Chinese people took Huang as their surname. Another origin of Huang surname is that it moved from Huangshui, Henan Province, to the lower reaches of Fenshui, Shanxi Province in ancient times, and its established Huang State was destroyed by Jin State in the early Spring and Autumn Period. After the national subjugation, some people surnamed Huang fled north to central Henan, and a large number of them were moved to Hubei. Chun Shen Jun (named Huang Xie), one of the four sons of the post-Warring States Period, was sealed in Suzhou, Jiangsu, and some of his 13 sons settled in Jiangsu. Since the late Warring States period, Wuhan, Hubei Province has been the breeding center of Huang. After the Han Dynasty, due to being an official and other reasons, Huang gradually migrated to the north and south of the Yangtze River, especially in the Song Dynasty, and Huang was widely spread and developed throughout the country. Huang's talented people come forth in large numbers, and some outstanding figures have emerged in the past dynasties. Such as Huang Shigong at the end of Qin Dynasty; Ba Huang, Prime Minister of Western Han Dynasty; Huang Xiang, a prodigy of the Eastern Han Dynasty; During the Three Kingdoms period, famous soldiers Huang Zhong and Huang Gai; The most famous figure in the Tang Dynasty was Huang Chao, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty. He rebelled in 875, conquered Luoyang in 88 1, and then entered Chang' an at the end of that year, claiming the title of emperor and having the title of Daqi. But because there was no base area, the uprising was quickly suppressed and Huang Chao committed suicide. In the Five Dynasties, there were painters Huang Quan and Huang Ju; There was a famous calligrapher and poet Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty. There was a thinker Huang Zhen at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there was a phonological exegetist Huang Gongshao; In the Yuan Dynasty, there were Huang Daopo, a female textile technician, and Huang, a calligrapher, musician and painter. In the Ming Dynasty, Huang Xiaoyang, the leader of the peasant uprising, and Huang Li, a female writer; During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was a thinker and historian, Huang Zongxi, who was one of the three great Confucianists. In the Qing Dynasty, there were Huang Shen, a painter and one of the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou, Huang Longshi, a national chess player, Huang Yi, a seal engraver and painter, and Huang Jingren, a poet. In modern times, there were Ren Huang, a writer, and Huang Xing, a revolutionary. Huang is the eighth surname in China, accounting for a high proportion of the population in the south.

Rank: 9

Last name: Zhou

Origin: Zhou surname is a surname with a long history and complicated origins. It is generally believed that the descendants of the Yellow Emperor moved to the foot of Qishan Mountain in Shaanxi Province, and were called the Zhou family from now on. Another surname of Zhou was changed by ethnic minorities, that is, the brother of the Northern Wei Dynasty was originally a minority surname. After the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang, Xianbei changed his surname to Han and Zhou. After Zhou was destroyed by Qin, some Zhou people moved to Pei County, Jiangsu Province, and became the most popular surnames there. During the Dong Zhuo Rebellion at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of people in the Central Plains moved eastward to Xuzhou and then southward, and Zhou moved to Lujiang, Anhui. After Zhou gradually developed southward, he moved to Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Guangdong and other places in the Tang Dynasty, and moved to Taiwan Province Province and overseas to make a living in the Qing Dynasty. In the 24-year history, there are 276 biographies about Zhou, which shows that Zhou was not a talented person in all previous dynasties. In the Western Han Dynasty, Zhou Bo and Zhou Yafu were famous fathers and sons. Zhou Yu, a famous performer in the Three Kingdoms period, once defeated Cao Jun in Chibi and was proficient in music. In the Five Dynasties, there was a painter Zhou Wenju; In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a philosopher named Duiyi and a poet named Zhou Bangyan. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were thoughtful poets who wrote about the past of Wulin. Zhou Deqing, a Yuan Dynasty phonologist; There was a painter Chen Zhou in the Ming Dynasty; Zhou Ji, a poet and critic in the Qing Dynasty, edited Selected Poems, famous chess player Zhou, national player Zhou and peasant struggle leader Zhou Lichun. In modern times, Zhou Puqun, the founder of Xiangxi revolutionary base area, and Zhou Deyu, a famous chess player; The most famous person surnamed Zhou is Zhou Enlai, a great Marxism–Leninism native, an outstanding leader of the Party and the country, and one of the founders of the China People's Liberation Army. Zhou surname is not only widely distributed in the north and south of the motherland, but also spread to Europe, America, Southeast Asia and many other countries and regions in the world. There are also many outstanding overseas Chinese named Zhou, such as Zhou Yading, a famous American Chinese lawyer, and Zhou Weitai, the publishing king of Indonesia. According to expert research, Zhou is the ninth surname in China.

Rank: 10

Last name: Wu

Origin: Wu's surname comes from the State of Wu, and his ancestors were Taibohe, which was formed during the Warring States Period. There is a story. Taber and Zhong Yong's father has three sons. The youngest son is called Ji Li. He is clever and talented. Taber and Zhong Yong knew that their father wanted their younger brother Ji Li to be the heir, so they gave way automatically. They took advantage of their father's illness to go to the southeast coast and never returned to Shaanxi. Because Jiangnan was still very backward at that time, Taber and Zhong Yong brought advanced culture and technology from the Central Plains, and the local people supported Taber as the leader and established the State of Wu. The capital of the State of Wu is now Suzhou, Jiangsu, which occupies most of Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui and Zhejiang. When the State of Wu spread to Fu Cha, it was destroyed by the State of Yue, and its descendants took refuge everywhere. In order not to forget the old country, they took the country name as their surname, which was Wu. After the downfall of Wu, Fu Cha was exiled to Jiangxi, where he developed and became an important branch of Wu. Some other fugitives fled to Shandong, Henan and other places, and some lived in seclusion in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui. Later, after war, being an official, migrating, etc. Wu developed into a noble family in many places in the north and south of the Yangtze River. Wu not only developed and multiplied in China, but also moved eastward to Japan and southward to Vietnam as early as 450 BC, becoming the most popular local surname. For example, Wu in Vietnam is now the sixth most popular surname. During the Warring States period, there was Wu Qi, a strategist and reformer. At the end of Qin dynasty, there was Guangwu, the leader of peasant uprising; Wu Zhi, a writer in the Three Kingdoms period; There was a writer Wu Yun in the Southern and Northern Dynasties; Wu Daozi, a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, was good at drawing figures of Buddhism and Taoism. He is known as a "painting saint" for his profound artistic attainments and great influence on later generations. In addition, there is a historian Jason Wu); In the Tang Dynasty. In the Five Dynasties, there was a famous general, Luan; Wu Zeng, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Wu Wenying, a poet; Jin Youwen Wu Ji; The playwright Wu Changling lived in the Yuan Dynasty. From the Ming Dynasty to the present, most of Wu's celebrities are painters and novelists, such as Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, Wu Xizai, Wu Changshuo in modern times, Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty, the famous novel The Journey to the West, Wu in the Qing Dynasty, and the wonders witnessed in the past twenty years. In addition, there was Wu Youke, a medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty, and Wu Sangui, who led the Qing soldiers into the customs. In the Qing Dynasty, there were writers, poets Wu and Wu Jiaji, essayist Wu and medical scientist Wu Shangxian. During the Republic of China, there were scholars such as Wu, drama theorist and writer Wu Mei. Wu's surname ranks tenth among the most common Han surnames in China today, accounting for a high proportion of southerners and a certain number of ethnic minorities.