Memory is the reflection of past experiences in the human brain. It includes four basic processes: memory, retention, reproduction and recall. Its forms include image memory, concept memory, logical memory, emotional memory, sports memory and so on.
The enemy of memory is forgetting. The essence of improving memory is to avoid and overcome forgetting as much as possible. As long as you exercise consciously and master the laws and methods of memory in learning activities, you can improve and improve your memory.
The following are 10 ways to enhance memory:
1. When paying attention to centralized memory, as long as you concentrate, concentrate, and eliminate distractions and external interference, the cerebral cortex will leave a deep memory trace, which is not easy to forget. If you are distracted and concentrate on doing two things, the memory efficiency will be greatly reduced.
2. If you are interested in learning materials and knowledge objects, it will be hard to remember even if you spend more time.
3. Understanding Memory Understanding is the basis of memory. Only what is understood can be remembered for a long time. It's not easy to learn by rote. For important learning content, if we can combine understanding with reciting, the memory effect will be better.
4. Over-learning means memorizing the learning materials several times on the basis of memorizing them, so as to reach the level of memorizing them.
5. The speed of reviewing and forgetting in time is fast first and then slow. While the iron is hot, reviewing and consolidating what you have just learned is an effective means to strengthen memory traces and prevent forgetting.
6. When you often recall learning, you can try to recall constantly, so that mistakes in memory can be corrected, omissions can be made up, and the difficulties in learning content can be remembered more firmly. When you are free, you can often recall the objects you have remembered in the past, and you can also avoid forgetting them.
7. Audio-visual combination can use the functions of language and visual and auditory organs at the same time, strengthen memory and improve memory efficiency. Much better than a single silent reading.
8. A variety of means According to the situation, flexible use of memory methods such as classified memory, chart memory, shortening memory and compiling outlines, taking notes and cards can enhance memory.
9. Best time Generally speaking, 9~ 1 1 in the morning, 3~4 in the afternoon and 7~ 10 in the evening are the best memory time. Use the above-mentioned hard-to-remember learning materials, and the effect is better.
10. Scientific use of the brain can greatly improve the working efficiency of the brain, prevent excessive fatigue and maintain a positive and optimistic mood on the basis of ensuring nutrition, active rest and physical exercise. This is the key to improving memory.
Improve memory at fifteen o'clock.
How can I improve my memory?
First, calm down-let the brain calm down first.
Second, fatigue will reduce the efficiency of the brain.
Third, we must believe that we can remember.
Fourth, we should find a memory method that suits our own characteristics.
Fifth, be interested in the object of memory.
Sixth, strong motivation can promote memory.
Seven, when you are associated with happy things, it is easy to remember.
Eight, stimulation can make brain cells young and sharp.
Nine, careful observation helps to remember.
Ten, fully understand the object of memory.
Eleven, use the image to grasp the object of memory.
12. It is good for memory to compose irrelevant memory objects into songs.
Thirteen, distinguish the characteristics of memory method.
Fourteen, appropriate decentralized memory is sometimes better than centralized memory.
Fifthly, mobilize the coordinated memory of various organs of the body.
Is there any way to improve memory?
Q: Hello, doctor! I am a junior high school sophomore. The study pressure is great, but I feel that my memory is not good. I envy some classmates. They remember quickly, but it takes me several times to remember. Sometimes I am depressed. Is there any way to improve memory?
A: Hello! First of all, I want to say that there are differences between people, even great differences in some aspects. Give up the comparison and accept yourself, and your distress will be alleviated. As for the method of memory, we can discuss it together.
If you want to improve your memory, you must first understand some common sense about memory. Simply put, memory is divided into three stages. The first stage is called the encoding stage. This is like the information input of a computer. To encode, only the encoded information will be saved. This stage has a lot to do with attention. We can't recall a lot of information, and some problems appear in the coding stage. We turn a blind eye to many things and don't observe them carefully. We think we remember, but that's not the case. For example, although we use money every day, we can't immediately describe the pattern on the back of a dollar bill. This is because although we saw it, we didn't take the initiative to pay attention to it, so we didn't code the relevant information, and naturally we couldn't recall it. The second stage is called short-term memory stage. At this stage, the memory retention time is very short, usually from a few seconds to more than ten seconds. For example, if you call 1 14 and find the phone number you want, write it down in your mind. When you want to dial it, you can't remember it at once. The method of testing short-term memory is simple. You can ask a person to say four unrelated numbers or English letters. You can repeat them immediately and then increase them gradually to see how many you can remember at most. The average person is always 7 2. Therefore, we know the capacity of short-term memory is limited. Short-term memory is the basis of long-term memory, which will be forgotten soon without repeated practice. If you continue to practice before it disappears, it can be transformed into long-term memory, which is the third stage of memory. Long-term memory is also called permanent memory, which means that it has been kept for a long time.
From the above understanding, we know that if you feel that your memory is not the best, it is not necessarily that your brain is more stupid than others, but that you have not handled the three stages of memory mentioned above well. If you improve your memory in these three stages, you may improve your memory. Let's focus on how to improve memory.
Let's start with improving the coding stage. First of all, coding always starts with attention, so you should pay full attention to what you want to remember. Remember, if there is no coding or coding error, you can't remember it, even if you have a smart brain. You should concentrate on eliminating or reducing external interference as much as possible. For example, you can choose a quiet place to study and don't be distracted by other things, such as snacks, novels and magazines. Some students pay attention to emotional appeal while reading, which is also a bad habit. Secondly, carefully observe the details you want to remember. For example, if you want to remember a person's appearance, you should carefully observe his eyes, nose, forehead, chin and ears. Third, say to yourself what you want to remember, such as "He is tall, with small eyes and dark skin? Quot This is equivalent to double coding of impression and voice, which is more reliable.
How to improve short-term memory. As we mentioned earlier, the capacity of short-term memory is limited, so in order to improve short-term memory, we must reduce the burden of memory. We can use abbreviations, such as "WHO", which we know is the abbreviation of "World Health Organization". We just need to remember these three letters and take them as clues to remember everything. In addition, we can also make irrelevant objects meaningful through homophonic methods, which can also reduce the burden of memory. For example, pi is "3.14159 ...". As we said before, because of the limited capacity of short-term memory, most people can only remember about seven irrelevant numbers at a time. But if we read it as "a temple on the top of the mountain, a pot of wine …", it will become meaningful, indirectly expanding the memory capacity and reducing the memory burden. Because the short-term memory time is very short, in the final analysis, it depends on repeated practice if you want to preserve it for a long time.
Finally, how to improve long-term memory. Long-term memory is different from short-term memory. The forgetting of short-term memory is like inputting information into a computer, but it is not saved. If you lose it, you'll never get it back. Long-term memory forgetting, like a file stored in a computer, can't be found and naturally can't be brought out. We may all have had this experience. Sometimes we think of a person's name on the tip of our tongue, but we just can't say it. Someone reminded us a little, and we immediately thought of it. This shows that the information is still in my mind, but I can't remember it because of lack of clues. So long-term memory is mainly a retrieval problem. We say that a person has a good memory, including a person clearly remembering what happened before. We can take some measures to improve our long-term memory. For example, we can use clues in the environment. If you have a meeting next week and want to bring a document to someone, you can put it in a conspicuous place in advance, and someone will remind you then. Many people have a good memory not because their brains are necessarily better than others, but because they are good at using clues in the environment. In addition, we can also use the time sequence method to think of things before they happen, and it is helpful for us to remember what happened in front as a clue in time sequence. This method can also be applied to exams. If you can't remember a question, you can think about what you have recited before, and then recite it with you, which will help you remember. You can also do some memory exercises at ordinary times, such as recalling what you were doing today last year.
Improve memory.
Bacon said, "All knowledge is just memory." Psychologists believe that everyone has a good memory, but not many people are good at using it. So, how to improve memory?
First, interest-the accelerator of memory. The ancients said, "The knower is not as good as the doer, and the doer is not as good as the musician." If you have a strong interest in what you have learned, you will study actively and happily, pay high attention, strengthen the activities of various sensory organs and thinking organs, form the excitement center of the brain, and constantly transmit all kinds of knowledge and information to the nerve center of the brain, thus leaving a deep impression. On the other hand, if you are not interested in the subjects you have studied and passively absorb them for a long time, you will be uneasy and unable to remember them. Therefore, to improve memory, we must first cultivate our interest in learning.
Second, understanding and review-the golden key to memory. Psychologists believe that memory has two conditions: one is to establish contact or association in the brain to achieve understanding. What you understand can be firmly remembered, because the essence of understanding is to establish a wide range of knowledge points. In this way, you can "follow the trail" when you recall. Second, this link should be strengthened. Strengthening contact depends on review, and you can remember it by reviewing it often. "Repetition is the mother of memory."
Third, proper rest-the lubricant of memory. People's various learning activities are supervised by the corresponding areas of the cerebral cortex, and when these activities are carried out, the corresponding areas of the cerebral cortex have corresponding excitement points. If the excitement appears in "a certain area" for a long time, it will cause fatigue, distraction, slow thinking and memory loss in this area. Proper rest will calm down the corresponding parts of the cerebral cortex that were originally excited and eliminate fatigue. Psychologists' experiments have proved that when memorizing new things, the effect of resting for 5 minutes after every 30 minutes is far greater than that of long-term continuous memory.
Fourth, the scientific method-the accelerator of memory. Bernard said: "Good methods can make us give full play to our talents, while poor methods may hinder them." Mastering scientific memory methods can help you achieve the purpose of learning with the least time and energy. There are many ways to remember, such as associative memory, comparative memory, trial memory, rotational memory, tabular memory, question memory, formula memory and so on. Each method has its unique function, but it also has certain limitations. Students should choose their own methods, and the comprehensive use of various methods will certainly enhance their memory.
How to enhance memory
Memory is the reflection of past experiences in the human brain. It includes four basic processes: memory, retention, reproduction and recall. Its forms include image memory, concept memory, logical memory, emotional memory, sports memory and so on.
The enemy of memory is forgetting. The essence of improving memory is to avoid and overcome forgetting as much as possible. As long as you exercise consciously and master the laws and methods of memory in learning activities, you can improve and improve your memory.
The following are 10 ways to enhance memory:
1. When paying attention to centralized memory, as long as you concentrate, concentrate, and eliminate distractions and external interference, the cerebral cortex will leave a deep memory trace, which is not easy to forget. If you are distracted and concentrate on doing two things, the memory efficiency will be greatly reduced.
2. If you are interested in learning materials and knowledge objects, it will be hard to remember even if you spend more time.
3. Understanding Memory Understanding is the basis of memory. Only what is understood can be remembered for a long time. It's not easy to learn by rote. For important learning content, if we can combine understanding with reciting, the memory effect will be better.
4. Over-learning means memorizing the learning materials several times on the basis of memorizing them, so as to reach the level of memorizing them.
5. The speed of reviewing and forgetting in time is fast first and then slow. While the iron is hot, reviewing and consolidating what you have just learned is an effective means to strengthen memory traces and prevent forgetting.
6. When you often recall learning, you can try to recall constantly, so that mistakes in memory can be corrected, omissions can be made up, and the difficulties in learning content can be remembered more firmly. When you are free, you can often recall the objects you have remembered in the past, and you can also avoid forgetting them.
7. Audio-visual combination can use the functions of language and visual and auditory organs at the same time, strengthen memory and improve memory efficiency. Much better than a single silent reading.
8. A variety of means According to the situation, flexible use of memory methods such as classified memory, chart memory, shortening memory and compiling outlines, taking notes and cards can enhance memory.
9. Best time Generally speaking, 9~ 1 1 in the morning, 3~4 in the afternoon and 7~ 10 in the evening are the best memory time. Use the above-mentioned hard-to-remember learning materials, and the effect is better.
10. Scientific use of the brain can greatly improve the working efficiency of the brain, prevent excessive fatigue and maintain a positive and optimistic mood on the basis of ensuring nutrition, active rest and physical exercise. This is the key to improving memory.
How to improve memory
Memory is not innate, but gradually cultivated and developed in life and study. As long as we cultivate consciously, everyone's memory can be developed and improved. Marx's memory is amazing, but he still exercises and develops it by reciting meaningless syllables composed of Latin letters. So how can we improve our memory?
(1) Using and mastering good memory methods will make your memory effect remarkable. There are many ways to remember, but we must adopt appropriate methods according to different memory contents.
(1) Use mnemonic method.
This is a way to enhance memory by using it. Use is not only a learning process, but also a repetitive process. For example, memorizing English words can't deepen the impression. The key is to use it. If you can often use it to talk to people or write letters to friends abroad, you will certainly remember your words well.
② Classified memory method.
According to the nature, characteristics and content of the memory object, it is easy to remember and make it systematic and organized. For example, when memorizing foreign words, you should classify occupations (teachers, students, workers, farmers, scientists, artists), schools (primary schools, middle schools, universities), relatives (grandfathers, grandmothers, fathers, mothers, brothers and sisters), directions (east, west, north, south), seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and so on, so that it is easy to remember. When learning homework, after the end of a unit, organize it systematically, so as to integrate the content and improve the memory effect.
③ List memory method.
Lists are convenient for sorting out messy memory objects, so they are easy to extract, especially for complex numbers and words.
④ Recycle memory method.
Divide the materials to be memorized into several groups, arrange them in turn, and go back to review and consolidate the previous materials. In this way, the memory is repeated, so that the memory signal can be reproduced repeatedly, which can make people's memory last.
⑤ Reading memory method.
Intensive reading and extensive reading of articles or newspapers related to things you care about will strengthen your memory.
⑥ Comprehensive memory method.
Combine scattered materials to remember. For example, it is more convenient to understand the word "Bi Marvin" alone than to combine it with the Monkey King's title of "Bi Marvin".
⑦ Whole learning method, subsection learning method and joint learning method.
Learning a material and reading it repeatedly from beginning to end until you are proficient, which is called holistic learning method; Divide the material into several parts, remember one part, and then remember another part, which is called subsection learning method; Read the materials through once or several times, then memorize them in sections and finally combine them. This is the so-called joint learning method.
At the beginning of learning, the meaning of learning content is coherent, so it is more appropriate to use the whole learning method. In the later stage of learning or when the materials are long, it is suitable to adopt the segmented learning method. When the length and difficulty of the learning materials are moderate, the joint learning method is more effective.
Which method to adopt should be analyzed in detail.
⑧ Centralized learning method and decentralized learning method.
Concentrate on memorizing the study materials for a period of time, and practice repeatedly without rest. This is a concentrated learning method. Decentralized learning refers to inserting a break during practice and dispersing it into several memorized materials. Generally speaking, the centralized learning method is suitable for learning problem solving, learning meaningful materials such as poetry and prose, and learning knowledge with little difficulty and weight. On the contrary, decentralized learning method is suitable for learning meaningless materials, difficult and heavy materials.
Pet-name ruby excessive learning method.
When a certain learning content has just been reached and can barely be memorized, it is called over-learning method to continue learning several times while the iron is hot.
Attending reading and reciting. Read the memorized materials repeatedly until you are familiar with them. This method is called reading aloud. This method is suitable for memorizing poems, formulas, theorems and other knowledge. In the process of reading, recite as much as possible, and reread what you can't remember until you are familiar with it. This is called reciting. Reciting has a better memory effect. The more time you try to recite, the better your memory will be.
(1 1) key mnemonic.
You don't have to remember everything, just grasp the key points and the essence and concentrate on remembering the main points. For example, if you listen to some reports, you can grasp the key points and memorize them according to the nature of the questions and the needs of learners.
(12) Memorizing methods of songs and rhymes.
Make the object of memory rhyme, read in cadence and sing in rhyme, which is easier to remember. For example, on the 24th of the solar term Song Dynasty, it said, "Spring rains shake the spring and clear the valley, summer is full of mountains and summer is even, autumn dew and autumn frost, winter is snowy and winter is cold."
(13) conventional memory method.
Find out the internal connection of things, which is easy to remember. Memorizing many theorems and formulas of natural science is very poor. If we find their regularity, the memory effect will be better.
(14) Proximity, Analogy and Oppositional Associative Memory.
By thinking about other people or things related to someone or something, and thinking about other concepts related to it from a certain concept, we can strengthen our memory in this way. The reason is that association can arouse the perception of the human brain, make the original image reappear, and thus promote memory. Educator william james said: "The more a fact is related to many other things, the easier it will be remembered."
Close association refers to things that are close in space or time, and it is easy to form association in people's experience, and one thing thinks of another. For example, the memory of an acquaintance's name, the memory of another person similar to him, or his residence, occupation, family and so on.
Analogical association refers to the perception and memory of one thing, which causes the memory of things similar to other things. For example, learn loanwords by analogy and association, and group synonyms and synonyms for memory.
The Oppositional association refers to the memory of things with opposite characteristics caused by the perception or memory of things.
(15) note memorization method.
Reading the secretary's notes and learning to take notes are good ways to improve the memory effect. According to the learning purpose and memory requirements, notes can be divided into copying, notes, outlines, notes, annotations and other forms.
(16) Practice memory methods.
As the saying goes, seeing is believing. Through writing exercises, such as solving mathematical exercises, practical operations and experiments, it is helpful to understand concepts, principles and axioms. You should know whether the result of each exercise is right or wrong, which is conducive to the improvement of memory.
(17) self-test method.
In the process of learning and memory, test your memory according to your own learning progress and your own needs.
(18) General mnemonic method.
Such as "four great inventions" and "five stresses and four beauties".
(19) image memory method.
It is said that the writer Qin Mu made up stories to commemorate Marx's birthday. "Marx is a bourgeois grave digger. He slapped the bourgeoisie to tears. " So1865438+May 5, 2008 will never be forgotten.
(20) decomposition memory method.
Decomposition of complex things can sometimes get good results. For example, the stroke of the word "win" is more complicated, but it is easy to remember if it is decomposed into a very smooth "dead mouth month", and the words "win" and "death" can be remembered together.
(2 1) Derived Memory Method.
There are inherent logical connections between some things. If you remember one, you can make an analogy in reverse to help you remember. For example, the October Revolution broke out in 19 17, which affected the China Revolution. Two years later, the May 4th Movement broke out in 19 19. The May 4th Movement made ideological and organizational preparations for the establishment of the * * * production party in China. Two years later, 192 1, China * * * production party was established.
(2) Follow the memory rules and improve the memory level. Consciously following and using the laws of memory plays a very important role in improving intelligence. So what memory rules are worth mastering?
① Memory with a clear purpose is much more effective than memory without a clear purpose. In learning, students must give themselves a clear memory task for those materials that must be remembered, and must not let themselves drift.
(2) Long-term memory materials are required to have greater solidity than short-term memory materials. In learning, let yourself have a long-term or even permanent memory intention.
③ The effect of requiring sequential memory is far greater than that of not requiring sequential memory. Memorizing in the order of materials is more conducive to improving memory.
It is much better to remember the effect of the material accurately than to remember only the general idea of the material.
(5) Materials that meet the needs are easy to remember.
All materials that can arouse people's direct interest are easy to remember, and they can be remembered quickly and for a long time.
All landowners can arouse people's emotions can stay in memory for a long time.
⑧ After positive thinking, things that reach a deep understanding are easy to remember.
The number of materials in the process of memory shows the opposite characteristics: the materials that are easy to remember make rapid progress at the beginning of memory, and the materials that are difficult to remember make slow progress at the beginning of memory but make rapid progress during review.
Participating in meaningful materials is easier to remember than meaningless materials.
(1 1) Intuitive image materials are easier to remember than abstract materials of words.
(12) Materials with rhythm (such as poems) are easier to remember than those without rhythm. In learning, we can weave those difficult-to-remember materials into rhythmic things, such as jingles, jingles and so on, to help us improve our memory effect.
(13) Multiple perceptual activities are easier to remember than single perceptual activities.
(14) Concentrated observation is easier to remember than absent-minded observation.
(15) Systematic materials are easy to remember, but not durable.
(16) It is much more effective to combine repeated reading with trying to recite than simply reciting or reading repeatedly. The essence of this rule is to combine recognition and reproduction in learning, that is, after reading the material several times, leave it behind, think about it in your mind, see what you remember and what you don't, then read it again, and so on until you remember it.
(17) Memorizing two similar materials at the same time will affect the memory effect because it is easy to be confused. Accordingly, in learning, we summarize the laws of memory into five aspects:
A. Defining the purpose and task of memory is the first condition to ensure the quality of memory.
B. Appropriate memory materials are the key to improve memory efficiency. Too much memory will greatly reduce the efficiency of memory. Try to avoid the passive situation of "everyone wants to remember, but they can't remember correctly".
C. the content and form of memory materials directly affect the speed and persistence of memory.
D. Keeping activities relatively stable before and after memory can improve the memory function of the brain and avoid the interference of memory.
E. Giving full play to the synergy of various psychological processes is the material basis for strengthening memory. Positive thinking is closely related to improving memory effect, and hobbies are also one of the important factors to enhance memory.
(3) How to consolidate memory?
In daily life, many people are deeply troubled by their poor memory. How can we prevent or reduce forgetfulness and consolidate memory?
First, have a good habit. Where have you been or what have you done, or what are you going to learn today? What is the function of memory? After the best things are over, take a moment to think about what you have forgotten and what you have not remembered. In addition, when doing things or studying, we should have a plan, what to do first, what to do later, what to do and what not to do, make reasonable arrangements, and gradually develop the good habit of keeping notes.
Second, in appropriate occasions, time and possible circumstances, try to tell others what you remember and consolidate your memory. In learning, review the old and learn new things, review constantly, and tell your classmates and parents what you think is meaningful.
Third, deepen memory through argumentation. Argument is a necessary means to promote each other and deepen understanding. Similarly, it can deepen understanding and memory.
Fourth, try to reduce the number of memory objects, and be accurate and clear. Random back, random back and excessive back will not have a good effect.
Cultivate students' scientific memory methods. I have talked a lot about this problem before, and here is just a brief introduction to the methods suitable for primary and secondary school students.
① Repeat memory. Repetition is the mother of learning, especially boring things like words, terms, loanwords, historical years and events, which need to be memorized repeatedly.
② Memory in the morning and evening. According to the psychological principle, the memory in the morning and evening is only disturbed by the single item of "backward inhibition" and "forward inhibition" respectively, so the memory effect is better.
③ Reading and writing memory method. While speaking and remembering, the cooperation of various analyzers is also an important way to improve the memory effect. This method is especially suitable for memorizing words, poems and foreign words.
④ Interval memory method. When reading books and learning articles, it is best to remember them alternately in sections, and the memory time should not be too concentrated.
(5) summative memory, where it is generally impossible to write down all the contents and details, such as listening to reports, stories, movies and novels, you can remember its center, outline and theme; Or remember a preliminary framework first, and then try to recall and supplement it.
⑥ Choose the memory method. The ancients said, "If you have less, you will get it, but if you have more, you will be confused." We should grasp the key points, difficulties and keys in reading and learning. Choose the content of memory, don't "grab the eyebrows and beard" and don't "pick up the sesame seeds and lose the watermelon".
⑦ Interesting memory method. "Love is the best teacher." If a student is particularly interested in a certain subject, his academic performance will often be better.
⑧ Use the memory method. Memory is to establish contact, and application is the most effective means to consolidate contact. We must apply what we have learned to practice. Deepen understanding and consolidate memory in application.
Of course, the most fundamental way to cultivate memory is to study hard. The more knowledge you learn, the stronger your memory. Confucius has long said: "See more and learn more", "Learn more and learn more", and knowledge is memory.
Seeking adoption is a satisfactory answer.