The natural, fresh and simple rural flavor revealed between the lines is incomparable to other similar poems, and it is as real as the poet hoeing the soil. To understand the essence of any artistic work, we must go back to the author through the time-space transformation with the author's time, and see what kind of life he leads, under what circumstances he inspires and why he creates.
This poem was written a year after he firmly embarked on the road of seclusion. His mood has been quite indifferent and mature, and there is no lack of feelings of resigning and leaving that day. Before that, he had been living in seclusion.
I regard this poem as the opening work of the poet who finally finds himself and bravely affirms himself. "Less secular rhyme, love QiuShan.
Fall into the dust net by mistake, thirteen years. The first two sentences have some meaning of "human awakening".
Influenced by his great-grandfather and traditional Confucian education, the poet also has great ambitions to help the world. He also retired many times when he was frustrated, but this is different from the later literati who sought a shortcut to the south. Its value lies in that he is looking for a lifestyle that suits him and goes hand in hand with social values, rather than looking for a chance to be reborn.
When the goal of life is too clear, the result is often that you lose yourself, and the self you design for yourself is often not the true self. Tao Yuanming must have a shaped plan when pursuing his political ideal, and he must have a bright future in his future life, which may be what he hopes or what people around him expect of him.
In life, in the real world, the public's consciousness makes us think that this (I think being an official is the universal ideal of scholars at that time, and scholars all pursue the same goal and ignore their own characteristics. In modern society, we still have various self-definitions that limit our true selves. )
This is life. When we force ourselves to follow this life, we think we are trying to adapt to this environment, which makes us feel uncomfortable and depressed. Clinging to the invisible front, everything else on the road turned dark gray, so anxiety and struggle made us suddenly wake up under some enlightenment, so we looked back and found that we were still there or ourselves, as if we had returned to the quiet moment of hope in the past, but in fact we were a sublimated self.
Finally, I found myself in constant repetition and wandering. Tao Yuanming's seclusion is not reluctant, so his poems are natural and fresh, showing the joy of farmers in simplicity.
I can imagine the anguish of the poet's ideological struggle before he completely retired, constantly struggling between social group consciousness and the choice of true self, trying to integrate into society, but unable to restrain his honest and free nature. I imagined him waking up in the morning, suddenly enlightened with a clap of his forehead, and accepted with relief that he was "born to love Qiushan" and retired leisurely with a hoe.
He lamented, "I fell into the dust net by mistake for thirteen years." It shows my obsession, swaying reflection and confession in the dust net for the whole first half of my life.
But this pen is just a sigh, and there is no deep remorse. We seem to see the faint sigh of the poet looking up at the sunset while working at the foot of the mountain, look at the red mixed horizon for a while, and then continue to work hard. Maybe he still has a faint self-deprecating smile on his face. Let's just say that the period of birth is a detour on the poet's life path (contrary to the poet's original wish), and the poet accepted this period indifferently.
Maybe he wished he hadn't experienced this period, but maybe without this period of "straying into the dust net", he would never have reached such a detached position. This is the law of life, just as the commodity price fluctuates around the value in the law of value, the trajectory of life fluctuates around the horizontal line of the true self, and it will always come back if it deviates too far. What we need is to find ourselves early in the attempt, increase the intersection point and reduce the deviation distance.
However, in real life, what we see and know often interferes with our choices. When we face every specific situation, we know many rules and laws, but we often don't know which one to use to guide our actions. The Tao Te Ching gives the answer: "Man's law is the earth, the earth is the sky, the sky is the Tao, and the Tao is the nature."
What is nature? Like yourself. The west has also explored such a law. From their ancient times, we can see in Greek mythology or Nordic mythology that both the great Zeus and the divine Odin created human beings, but their own destiny has long been written in the prophecy. Humans created gods, explained all kinds of wonderful phenomena in the world with their joys and sorrows, and entrusted the task of exploring the real master-law to the gods created by them with infinite imagination.
Here, I always feel that westerners are cute and smart, and China is uneasy about the explanation of these religious atmosphere. There are always people who take the initiative to seek and give such subtle answers as "nature" early. This seems simple, just find yourself and do what you like, but the actual operation is not as easy as imagined. Thirty-two pieces produce 10 120 possibilities, and people's thoughts are changing imperceptibly every minute. No one knows what this infinite possible outcome is. Everyone's story may be similar, but every detail cannot be the same. Just as there are no two identical leaves and two people in the world, the predecessors of the sages have given us a lot of experience, but we have to explore and find out what can be used for ourselves. Tao Yuanming must have experienced sleepless nights during his birth and his accession to the WTO. He must have been depressed and drunk, but he finally accepted himself. No matter 30 years or 13 years, it was only the only way. He said, "Fall into the dust net by mistake."
Lament, because it is bitter, has a lot of feelings but is indifferent. "The caged bird loves the old forest, and the fish in the pool loses its source."
It is an affirmation of your choice and a return to yourself. The following sentences describe my secluded life. There is no extravagant and gorgeous life, and there is no artificial praise for how beautiful life is. The simple and clear narrative is true.
2. Seek the classical famous sentences or classical Chinese sentences (specific sentences) of the reclusive ancient poets 1, and see Nanshan leisurely under the hedge of chrysanthemum picking. Get rid of the waste in the morning and take Yuelian home. 3, naked, but not against your wishes. 4. After Cao Jun lived in seclusion in Ganqi (Tang Dynasty), it was strange and fragrant here. If you don't live in a crowd, you'd rather be old and empty in Linchun.
The son of high integrity, attacking the text is still true. Plain books are full of yin and water is full of resentment.
When people come to rescue, the clouds are different. Who should be mysterious, not a good minister. 5, return to the garden, a.
Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature. I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past. I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.
The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages. Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.
The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village. Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.
There is no dust and sundries in the yard, and the quiet room is comfortable and leisurely. Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today. Secondly,
There are few chariots and horses in the secluded places when the countryside makes friends with the secular world. This day is still Chai Men closed, and the pure mind blocks the vulgar thoughts.
When complex market music, grass * * *. When we meet, we don't talk about worldly affairs, only that the garden is long in Sang Ma.
My field is growing higher and higher, and my cultivated land is expanding day by day. Often worried about sudden frost, crops wither like shrubs.
third
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
Fourth.
Long-term tourism mountain ze, wild forest entertainment. Try to take your son and nephew and put them in the wild market.
Yiyi wandered between mountains and dragons, living in the past. There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot.
Excuse me, what is this person like? The wage earners told me that there was no rest after death.
I have lived in different cities all my life, which is true! Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.
Fifth, feel sorry for yourself, the calendar is rough. The mountain stream is shallow and meets my feet.
I'm drinking my newly cooked wine, and two chickens attract the latest game. When the sun sets, the candle is lit instead.
The height is high and the height is short, and the east is getting white. 6. Hermit (ancient poetry)
Author; Wang Ge
Thick green covers the secluded path, and flowers cover Chai Fei deeply.
The wind is bleak, and the birds return.
The ancients were indifferent and secluded.
Find a quiet place, sit around and fly away. At the retreat in Wang Changlin.
Changjian
The water is unfathomable, and the lonely cloud lives in seclusion.
The moon in the middle of the pine forest is shining like a husband.
Maoting has a thick shadow, and the peony garden gathers moss particles.
I also want to reject the secular, and the western hills Luan crane gregarious.
3. Poetry about seclusion is badly needed. I am a pessimist. I like Tao Qian best. Tao Yuanming is one of them, and there is no suitable rhyme. He loves autumn mountains.
I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years. Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past.
I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields. The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages.
Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital. The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village.
Dogs bark in deep alleys, and mulberry trees crow. There is no dust and sundries in the yard, and the quiet room is comfortable and leisurely.
Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today. Second, there are few people in the wild and few wheels in the backcountry.
Cover the door during the day, thinking about wine. When there are many people in the market, grass grows all over it.
When we meet, we don't talk about worldly affairs, only that the garden is long in Sang Ma. My field is growing higher and higher, and my cultivated land is expanding day by day.
Often worried about sudden frost, crops wither like shrubs. Three kinds of beans are under the south mountain, and the grass is full of bean seedlings.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night. The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will. Fourth, I went to Shanze for a long time and enjoyed myself in the wild forest.
Try to take your son and nephew and put them in the wild market. Wandering among the mountains, unwilling to live in the past.
There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot. Ask the wage earners, this person is not as good as the wage earners telling me that he is not dead.
Abandon the city for a lifetime, really. Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.
Fifth, feel sorry for yourself, the calendar is rough. The mountain stream is shallow and meets my feet.
Filter out the new wine at home and cook chicken for the neighbors. When entering the house during the day, the Beijing salary will replace the bright candle.
The height is high and the height is short, and the east is getting white.
4. Hermit information in all aspects There were many hermits in ancient China, some of them really retired, and some sought fame and reputation. Among them, the most famous ones are mainly the following people: 1, Chao Fu time: Yao Management of Three Emperors and Five Emperors: Sages in Yao and Shun Times.
When Emperor Yao was in power, it was said that he tried to pass on the throne to him, but he sternly refused. He fled to Mount Ji to live in seclusion. Emperor Yao wants to ask him to be the chief of Kyushu. He went to Shui Ying to wash his ears and said he didn't want to hear such words.
He won the respect of later generations with his lofty integrity of being indifferent to fame and fortune, and was regarded as the originator of hermits. Chao Fu is also a hermit.
He is the Great Sage of Yangcheng (now Hongdong, Shanxi). Living in the mountains does not benefit the world, but building a nest in a tree. This is called Chao Fu.
Legend has it that Emperor Yao ceded the world to Chao Fu, but Chao Fu refused to accept it. 2 Boyi and Time: Boyi in Shang Dynasty was the eldest son in the late Shang Dynasty, surnamed Mo Taishi.
At the beginning, Gu wanted to regard his second son Shu Qi as his heir and his father's pawn, and Shu Qi gave way to Boyi. Boyi thought he ran away against his father's orders, but Shu Qi refused to stand and ran away.
Later, after the King of Wu negotiated with the Shang Dynasty, the world was ruled by the Zhou Dynasty, while Boyi and Shu were ashamed to eat Zhou Su, fled to shouyangshan, picked wild vegetables to eat, and starved to death in shouyangshan. 3 Guiguzi surnamed Wang Mingxi, Weiguo (now Qixian County, Hebi City, Henan Province).
I often go to Yunmeng Mountain (in Qi County, Hebi City, Henan Province) to collect herbs and cultivate monasteries. Because he lives in seclusion in Qingxi Guigu, he calls himself Guiguzi.
Gui Guzi is the originator of strategists, and Su Qin and Zhang Yi are his two most outstanding disciples. In addition, Sun Bin and Pang Juan are also disciples.
Guiguzi's main works are Guiguzi and Yin Fu Qi Jue. Guiguzi focuses on tactics and debating skills, while Yin Fu's seven methods in Benjing focus on ways to recuperate.
4 Yan Hui (52 1~ 48 1) was a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Zi Yueyuan, also known as Yan Yuan, is Confucius' favorite disciple.
"Eternal Night" said that he "eats and drinks once, and when he is in a mean alley, people can't bear his worries, and he won't change his pleasure when he returns". Modest and studious, "not angry, not jealous."
He respects his teacher very much and is always dissatisfied with Confucius. Being good at virtue, Confucius praised him for "returning with virtue" and "returning without violating the heart and being kind to March".
Unfortunately, he died young. Since the Han Dynasty, Yan Hui has been ranked as the first of 72 sages, and sometimes only Yan Hui enjoys it when offering sacrifices to Confucius.
Since then, successive rulers have continuously sealed posthumous title. "Four Great Scholars" refers to four famous scholars in the early Han Dynasty (around 200 BC): Tang Bing, Mr. Lu De, and Wu Hehe of Qi.
They don't want to be officials, and they have been hiding in goodness for a long time. When I came out of the mountain, I was over 80, and my eyebrows were white, so I was called "the Four Nobles on the Good". Liu Bang had heard his name for a long time and asked them to be an official, but they were rejected.
They would rather live a poor and happy life, and wrote a Song of Zizhi to clarify their ambition: "Momo Mountain is full of valleys. Ye Ye Zi Zhi can satisfy hunger.
Where will I go when Tang Yu goes away? Building a tall horse is a big worry. Fear of wealth is not as good as ambition of poverty. "
Yan Guang (date of birth and death unknown), A Zun, Yuyao, was born. In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25), Liu Xiu ascended the throne as Guangwudi, while Yan Guang went into exile incognito.
Liu Xiusixian missed the past and made the painting look for it. Send a special envoy to prepare a car and leave for Luoyang and Kyoto after three battles.
Liu Xiuzhi gave advice to the doctor and refused to obey. Retired to Fuchun Mountain (now Tonglu County) to study and fish. Died at home at the age of 80.
Zhao Jun has given millions of yuan to bury Hu Wei for thousands of years, and the tomb is in Chen Shan (Kexingshan). It is praised by later generations in the name of "high morals and bright festivals".
The Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest refer to seven famous people in Wei and Jin Dynasties in China, including Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Dan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian in Wei Zhengshi (240-249). At that time, there were often seven people gathered under the bamboo forest in Shanyang County (now Xiuwu area of Henan Province), so they were called the seven sages of the bamboo forest.
The seven men's political thoughts and attitudes towards life are different from those of the seven men in Jian 'an. Most of them "abandon the classics and respect Laozi and Zhuangzi, and respect the openness." In politics, Ji Kang, Ruan Ji and Liu Ling did not cooperate with Sima Group, and Ji Kang was killed.
Dan Tao and Wang Rong successively took refuge in the Sima family and served as senior officials, becoming confidants of the Sima regime. 8 Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), whose name was Ming, changed his name to Qian in his later years.
When it comes to fame, this word has far-reaching significance. Since Mr. Wu Liu, after his death, his relatives and friends took care of Jingjie privately, and he was called Mr. Jingjie.
Xunyang (now Jiujiang City) was a Chai Sang native, a poet, lyricist, essayist and pastoral poet at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty. 9 Tao Hongjing (456 ~536), with bright words, lived in seclusion in Huayang, and was called "Prime Minister in the Mountain". A native of Liling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) in Danyang, Southern Dynasties.
China was a Taoist thinker, physician, alchemist and writer during the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. Later, Huayang lived in seclusion and died as Mr. Bai Zhen. One of the representatives of Maoshan Taoism in the Southern Qi and Southern Liang Dynasties.
In the 25th year of Tang Kaiyuan, 10 Zhuxi Liu Yi, Li Bai moved to the east foot and lived in Zhuxi, Culai Mountain with Shandong celebrities Kong, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, and Tao Mian. The world calls them "Zhu Xi and Liu Yi". They are drinking and singing here, shouting at the rocks, till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon, reciting poems and meditating. Later, in the poem "Farewell to Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Kong Chaofu's Return to the Mountain" by Li Bai, there is a sentence "I dreamed of returning last night, and the clouds made a bamboo creek", which is a deep memory of this seclusion.
1 1 Chen Tuan (87 1~989) was a famous Taoist scholar in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty. The word "South" was given the name "Fu Yaozi" and the name "Yi Xi".
He inherited the tradition of imagery and numbers since the Han Dynasty, and classified Huang Lao's inaction, Taoist cultivation methods, Confucian cultivation and Buddhist Zen into the first category, which had a great influence on Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Later generations called him "the father of Chen Tuan" and "Sleeping Fairy".
12 Lin Bu (967- 1028), a famous recluse poet in the early Northern Song Dynasty. After his death, he was named "Mr. He Jing", and Mr. Lin Hejing's poems were handed down from generation to generation. Mrs May and the Crane is about him.
13 Zhang Sanfeng (birth and death unknown), according to Taoist speculation, its active period was from Yuanyou (13 14~ 1320) to the fifteenth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (14 17). The 187th Biography of Ji Fang in Ming Dynasty said that there were famous Taoist priests in Yuan and Ming Dynasties.
Tong Ming, also known as Quan Yi, formerly known as Zi Xuan, is called Junshi. Because it is not trimmed, it is said that Zhang is not trimmed.
In all kinds of biographies about Zhang Sanfeng or materials about him, there are many names such as Quanmi, Santuo, Sanfeng, Sanfeng's Old, Tong, Xuanyi, Jubao, Kunyang, Baohe Tolerance Sanfengzi, Lalu, Dirty Zhang and Taixian. Zhuangzi was compiled by Xu Youxi 'er: "Yao Rang.