Is it easy to get diabetes by eating sugar?
Many people think of sugar after hearing the name of diabetes, and then think that diabetes is caused by eating sugar. In fact, this kind of understanding is not scientific, but a misunderstanding caused by looking for meaning in literature. Diabetes can be divided into 1 type diabetes and type 2 diabetes, both of which are related to genetic factors, infection, obesity and other environmental factors, but the main pathogenesis is islet damage and insufficient insulin activity. The reason why normal people's blood sugar stays in the normal range is because there is enough insulin to regulate it.
If insulin secretion is disordered and its activity is insufficient or relatively insufficient, it will cause the blood sugar level to rise, thus affecting the regulation of blood sugar. When the blood sugar in blood rises to 160 per 100 ml? When the dose is 180 mg, that is, when it exceeds the ability of renal tubules to absorb sugar, the urine sugar increases, which leads to the increase of urine sugar and diabetes. It can be seen that diabetes is related to many factors, but it is not directly related to eating sugar. However, eating sugar will lead to obesity, and obesity may induce diabetes. This indirect relationship still exists. Therefore, don't eat too much sugar.
Can you get diabetes if you eat too much sugar?
Many people think that diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar, right? The key to understanding this problem is to start with sugar. It depends on whether sugar is polysaccharide, monosaccharide or disaccharide. If it is a polysaccharide carbohydrate, eating more will not cause diabetes, but if it is a monosaccharide such as brown sugar, white sugar and rock sugar or a monosaccharide such as disaccharide and glucose, eating more will indeed cause diabetes. In daily life, we choose some sweeteners suitable for diabetics.
1. Xylitol is sweet and has low absorption rate. In the process of metabolism in the body, the speed of blood sugar rising after eating xylitol is much lower than that after using glucose.
2. Stevia is a sweetener extracted from Stevia rebaudiana, and its sweetness is 300 times higher than that of sucrose. After use, it will not increase calorie intake and will not cause blood sugar fluctuation.
3. Amino sugar is a new sweetener, which has little effect on blood sugar and calories.
Therefore, don't think that sweets with high sugar content are not suitable for diabetics. It is necessary to distinguish between monosaccharides and polysaccharides. At the same time, you should observe your blood sugar.
Symptoms of diabetes
1. polyuria
Because the blood sugar is too high, which exceeds the renal glucose threshold (8.89 ~ 10.0 mmol/L), the glucose filtered through the glomerulus cannot be completely reabsorbed by the renal tubules, forming osmotic diuresis. The higher the blood sugar is, the more urine sugar is excreted, and the more urine volume is. The 24-hour urine volume can reach 5000 ~ 10000 ml, but the elderly and patients with kidney disease have renal sugar threshold.
Drink plenty of water
Mainly due to hyperglycemia, plasma osmotic pressure increased significantly, coupled with polyuria, excessive water loss and intracellular dehydration, which aggravated hyperglycemia, further increased plasma osmotic pressure, stimulated thirst center, led to thirst and polydipsia, and further aggravated polyuria.
Eat more
The mechanism of overeating is not very clear. Most scholars tend to be caused by the decrease of glucose utilization rate (the difference of glucose concentration in arterial and venous blood before and after entering and leaving tissue cells). When normal people are on an empty stomach, the difference of glucose concentration between arterial and venous blood is reduced, which stimulates the feeding center and produces hunger. After eating, the blood sugar increased, the difference between arterial and venous blood glucose concentration increased (above 0.829mmoL/L), the feeding center was inhibited, the satiety center was excited, and the feeding demand disappeared. However, due to the absolute or relative lack of insulin or the insensitivity of tissues to insulin, the ability of tissues to absorb and utilize glucose decreases. Although the blood sugar is at a high level, the concentration difference between arterial blood and venous blood is very small, and tissues and cells are actually in a "hungry state", which stimulates the feeding center and causes hunger and overeating. In addition, the body can't make full use of glucose, and a large amount of glucose is excreted from urine, so the body is actually in a state of semi-starvation, and insufficient energy also causes overeating.
lose weight
Although the appetite and food intake of diabetic patients are normal or even increased, the weight loss is mainly due to the absolute or relative lack of insulin or insulin resistance, and the body can't make full use of glucose to generate energy, which leads to increased decomposition of fat and protein, excessive consumption, negative nitrogen balance, gradual weight loss and even emaciation. Once diabetes is properly treated and well controlled, weight loss can be controlled or even rebounded. For example, diabetic patients continue to lose weight or lose weight obviously during treatment, suggesting that,
5. fatigue
It is also common in diabetic patients. Because glucose can't be completely oxidized, that is, the human body can't make full use of glucose and release energy effectively, and at the same time, tissue loses water, electrolyte imbalance, negative nitrogen balance and so on. So I feel weak and listless.
6. Visual loss
Many diabetic patients complain of decreased or blurred vision at the initial stage of treatment, which may be mainly caused by the changes of lens osmotic pressure and diopter caused by hyperglycemia. The early stage is usually a functional change. Once the blood sugar is well controlled, the vision can quickly return to normal.