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Knowledge points of preparing for math plane shape in Xiaoshengchu
Knowledge points of preparing for the exam of mathematical plane graphics in Xiaoshengchu

mathmatics Com edited the graphics and texts of mathematics knowledge points for Xiao Shengchu. I hope you enjoy reading it!

1, rectangle

(1) function

A quadrilateral with equal opposite sides and four right angles. There are two axes of symmetry.

(2) Calculation formula

c=2(a+b)

s=ab

2. Square

(1) Function:

A quadrilateral with four equal sides and four right angles. There are four axes of symmetry.

(2) Calculation formula

c=4a

s=a2

Step 3: Triangle

(1) function

A figure surrounded by three line segments. The sum of internal angles is 180 degrees. Triangles are stable. A triangle has three heights.

(2) Calculation formula

s=ah/2

(3) Classification

Divide by angle

Acute triangle: all three angles are acute.

Right triangle: One angle is a right angle. The two acute angles of an isosceles triangle are 45 degrees each, and it has an axis of symmetry.

Obtuse triangle: One angle is obtuse.

Divide by edge

Unequal triangle: The three sides are not equal in length.

Isosceles triangle: two sides are equal in length; The two bottom angles are equal; There is an axis of symmetry.

Equilateral triangle: all three sides are equal in length; All three internal angles are 60 degrees; There are three axes of symmetry.

4. Parallelogram

(1) function

Two sets of quadrilaterals parallel to opposite sides.

The opposite sides are parallel and equal. Diagonal angles are equal, and the sum of degrees of two adjacent angles is 180 degrees. Parallelogram is easy to deform.

(2) Calculation formula

S = ah

5, trapezoidal

(1) function

There is only one set of quadrilaterals with parallel sides.

The center line is equal to half of the sum of the upper and lower bottoms.

An isosceles trapezoid has an axis of symmetry.

(2) Formula

s=(a+b)h/2=mh

6. circle

Understanding of (1) circle

A curved figure on a plane.

The point of the center of the circle is called the center of the circle. Generally represented by the letter o.

Radius: The line segment connecting the center of the circle and any point on the circle is called radius. Generally expressed by R.

In the same circle, there are countless radii, and each radius has the same length.

The line segment passing through the center of the circle with both ends on the circle is called the diameter. Generally represented by D.

The same circle has countless diameters, and all the diameters are equal.

In the same circle, the diameter is equal to the length of two radii, that is, d=2r.

The size of a circle depends on its radius. A circle has countless axes of symmetry.

(2) Drawing a circle

Separate the two feet of the compass and determine the distance (radius) between the two feet;

Fix a foot on a point (that is, the center of the circle) with a needle tip;

Turn one foot with the tip of a pencil once and draw a circle.

(3) the circumference of a circle

The length of the curve forming a circle is called the circumference of the circle.

The ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle is called pi. Represented by letters.

(4) the area of the circle

The size of the plane occupied by a circle is called the area of the circle.

(5) Calculation formula

d=2r

r=d/2

c=d

c=2r

s=r2

7. Fan-shaped

Understanding of (1) Plate

A figure surrounded by an arc and two radii passing through both ends of the arc is called a fan.

The part between two points AB on the circle is called arc, which is pronounced as arc AB.

The angle of the vertex at the center of the circle is called the central angle.

In the same circle, the size of the sector is related to the central angle of the sector.

The sector has an axis of symmetry.

(2) Calculation formula

s=nr2/360

8. Ring shape

(1) function

It is formed by subtracting two concentric circles with different radii, and there are countless symmetry axes.

(2) Calculation formula

s=(R2-r2)

9, axisymmetric graphics

(1) function

If a graph is folded in half along a straight line, the graphs on both sides can completely overlap, and this graph is an axisymmetric graph. The straight line where the crease lies is called the symmetry axis.

A square has four axes of symmetry, and a rectangle has two axes of symmetry.

An isosceles triangle has two axes of symmetry and an equilateral triangle has three axes of symmetry.

An isosceles trapezoid has one axis of symmetry, and a circle has countless axes of symmetry.

The diamond has four axes of symmetry, and the fan has one axis of symmetry.

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