The famous educator Suhomlinski once said, "If teachers are eager to impart knowledge and don't try their best to make students enter a high-spirited and intellectually excited state, then this kind of knowledge can only make people have an indifferent attitude, and emotional mental work will bring fatigue." Therefore, when organizing teaching, teachers should create all kinds of enlightening external stimuli by setting up various problem situations, guide students to think actively, and stimulate students' desire to "understand" and "learn mathematics" knowledge and skills. For example, in the teaching of rectangular area calculation, the method of directly measuring the area of plane graphics with area units is reviewed, and then "if the area of swimming pool or the wall area of high-rise building is measured, is it appropriate to directly measure it with area units?" Is there an easier way? "It causes students' cognitive conflicts and makes them have new learning needs, so it is natural to think," What's the simple way? " , so as to stimulate students' thirst for knowledge and arouse their enthusiasm and initiative in learning.
Second, give full play to the positive role of emotion and enhance learning interest and confidence.
Classroom teaching is a bilateral activity between teachers and students. The teaching process is not only a process of imparting knowledge, but also a process of emotional communication between teachers and students. In mathematics teaching, we can explore the positive factors of emotion from the following three aspects, so as to promote students' pursuit, desire and satisfaction for mathematics knowledge and mathematics activities themselves.
1. Establish an emotional atmosphere of democracy and equality.
Good teacher-student relationship and harmonious classroom teaching atmosphere are the prerequisites for students to dare to participate. Students will be happy to learn only if they don't feel pressure and love the teachers they teach. Teachers should first put down their airs, communicate with students more, make friends with students, and care about them in life and study, thus arousing their love for teachers and mathematics; Secondly, teaching should be equal, teaching should be oriented to all, and some people should not be partial, but students with learning difficulties should be indifferent.
2. Evaluate students correctly.
Students' learning attitude, mood and emotion are closely related to teachers' evaluation of students. In mathematics teaching, we often see many students actively thinking about problems and trying to speak. When one of their ideas or calculation methods is affirmed by the teacher, it can be seen from the students' eyes and expressions that they are greatly satisfied and will repeatedly study and discuss when they encounter difficulties in their studies. It can be seen that the correct evaluation of teachers is also an important factor to promote students' active learning.
3. Success is the best motivation.
It is a great power to get a happy emotional experience after successful study, which can make students have a strong desire to learn mathematics well. In order to make students succeed, teachers must design the steps of exploring mathematical knowledge, including classroom questioning and hands-on operation, so that students with different intelligence levels can climb the stairs and "jump to pick fruits", and they can get happy emotional experience after exploring and mastering mathematical knowledge by themselves, thus obtaining psychological compensation and satisfaction and encouraging them to achieve more success. When students encounter difficulties or problems in the process of inquiry learning, they should help and guide students in time and effectively, so that all students can gain a sense of accomplishment in mathematics learning, establish self-confidence and enhance their courage and perseverance in overcoming difficulties. Underachievers, in particular, tend to give up on themselves, feel discouraged and feel inferior. Teachers should give them timely guidance and guidance, such as drawing line segments to help them understand the application problem and let them understand the meaning of the problem. In other words, give an example and try it. Let them succeed on their own.
Third, carry out appropriate competitions to improve learning enthusiasm.
Appropriate competition is an effective means to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning. Pupils can often study harder under competition conditions than under normal conditions. In the competition, because primary school students have a strong competitive spirit, they always want to win the first place and get praise from teachers. Using this psychology can greatly increase students' interest in learning and their perseverance in overcoming difficulties. In teaching, various competitions can be organized, such as "seeing who is faster and who is right", "seeing who has more solutions" and "being smarter than who", which can make students "show their talents". For example, in the practice class of "addition by writing", I held a competition to see who was the most careful, praised the students who worked hard on the questions, rated them as careful pacesetters and gave them small gifts. There are various forms of competition, which can be played by the whole class; Can be divided into male and female competitions; You can compete in groups; Students can also be grouped according to their abilities, so that each student's chances of winning at all levels will increase, the role of motivation will be greater, and the enthusiasm for participation will be higher.
In short, teachers should give students the initiative to learn, be good at stimulating and mobilizing students' enthusiasm for learning, give students time and space for independent learning, and give students the opportunity to think deeply and experience themselves.