National homonym is a language used for communication within a nation and one of the main signs to identify an independent nation.

The homophony of the Han nationality existed in the ancient Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties at the latest. At that time, the national * * * was called "Yayan", which was mainly popular in the Yellow River basin. The language of China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, is elegance. In the Han Dynasty, the national language of * * * was called "Tongyu". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people paid great attention to the use of "sound" (pronunciation promulgated by the state) when writing articles and poems. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China people were called "Mandarin" in the same language. During the Republic of China, people in China used the same language as "national language". After the founding of New China, people in China used the same language as "Putonghua".

Putonghua takes Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. Its position as a Chinese national homophonic is formed by history. On the one hand, Beijing dialect, as a representative of northern dialects, has spread all over the country as a common language of the government for hundreds of years and developed into an "official dialect"; On the other hand, after the "Vernacular Movement", writers consciously wrote in Putonghua, and a large number of typical works emerged as the standard of written Putonghua. The "Putonghua Movement" has enhanced the representativeness of Beijing dialect in spoken language and promoted Beijing dialect to become the standard pronunciation of the whole nation. The special political, economic, cultural status and population advantages of the northern dialect area have established the status of Putonghua as a homonym of the Han nationality. The History and Story of Putonghua

Mandarin is the spoken form of modern Chinese. China has a vast territory and a large population, and there have been differences in dialects since ancient times. The existence of dialect brings inconvenience and estrangement to communication. In order to overcome the barriers caused by dialects, there must be homonyms that communicate with various dialects.

Since ancient times, there have been dialects and homophones in Chinese. According to historical records, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius said that * * * was the same as Yayan. According to the present geographical position, Confucius' birthplace is Shandong. Confucius had more than 3,000 apprentices from all over the world. There were dialects in ancient times, and students everywhere spoke their own dialects. How can Confucius make students from all over the world understand his lectures? Because there was a homonym called elegance at that time, Confucius used elegance in his lectures, so there was no obstacle to communication.

According to historical records, in the Han Dynasty, * * * homophones developed further. Homophones were called lingua franca at that time. It is an ancient situation that people who speak different dialects in different places can communicate in a common language. With the great development of society in Ming and Qing Dynasties, dialects still existed in Ming and Qing Dynasties. If there is a dialect, there must be a homonym. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was the same language to call * * * Mandarin.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Mandarin was further developed. By the end of 19, that is, the end of the Qing Dynasty, the situation in China had undergone great changes, influenced by western academic thoughts, especially the Japanese. Before and after the Meiji Restoration, Japan vigorously promoted Japanese homophony, and the Japanese called Japanese national homophony Mandarin. The word Mandarin was originally the name of a book in ancient China, and the Japanese regarded Mandarin as a national homophonic name. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, influenced by Japanese language life, the word Mandarin also spread from Japan to China. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, we called Mandarin, and in the late Qing Dynasty, a word "Mandarin" came from Japan. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, great changes have taken place in China's cultural life, and the word Mandarin has spread.

After the Revolution of 1911, in order to develop China's economy and culture, some language reformers suggested learning from the Japanese and popularizing Putonghua in China. The word Mandarin was recognized by the government at that time in the Republic of China and became the official title of national homophones.

Since ancient times, there have been several versions of the same language of the Han nationality, including elegant language, common language, official language and national language of the Republic of China. The names are different, but the contents are basically the same. 1949, People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, and China embarked on a brand-new stage. In order to develop the culture and education of new China, we should also popularize national languages and overcome the obstacles caused by dialect differences. In the 1950s, we wanted to promote national languages. There are several different names in history. What should we call them?

In the 1950s, when People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, considering that we were a unified multi-ethnic country, the spoken and written languages of all ethnic groups were equal, while the national language in the Republic of China was actually a homonym of the Han nationality, not that of other ethnic minorities. In order to highlight that we are a big multi-ethnic family and to highlight the equality of languages of all ethnic groups, we decided not to use the name Putonghua after in-depth research in the 1950s. If it is called Putonghua, I am afraid it will be misunderstood as putting Chinese people above other ethnic groups in China. If it's not Mandarin, what is it called?

After research, I finally decided to call it Mandarin. The word Putonghua was not invented in 1950s, but was put forward in the literature at the end of 19. /kloc-By the end of 0/9 to the Republic of China, the Mandarin spoken at that time was not exactly the same as that popularized by the people's government in the 1950s. The word Putonghua originally meant that people who speak different dialects can generally understand such a thing, especially in a metropolis where five dialects are mixed. If people from different dialects can communicate casually, it is called Mandarin.

We take this concept and add scientific connotation to it to make its content more scientific and clear. This is what we call "Putonghua" since the founding of the People's Government.

The Mandarin we speak today has a clear connotation and a scientific definition, with Beijing accent as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. This is clearly stipulated in the Instruction on Promoting Putonghua issued by the State Council in February, 1956. From 1956 to now, the meaning of Putonghua is just like what I just introduced. After listening to my introduction, it is not difficult to understand that the so-called Putonghua is modern Chinese. Obviously, when we enter the information network era, it is of great significance to vigorously promote Putonghua for the development of our country.