Various municipal solid waste treatment methods such as sanitary landfill, composting and incineration power generation have their own advantages and disadvantages. From the perspective of urban development, safety, environmental protection, large processing capacity and fast processing speed will be the basic requirements for future urban domestic waste treatment. With the economic development of China, the urbanization process of China will be further accelerated during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the shortage of land resources will be further highlighted. Sanitary landfill and composting occupy a lot of land, and the treatment cycle is very long, which will be difficult to meet the needs of future urban development. In order to solve the problem of garbage besieged city, on the premise of ensuring safety and environmental protection, the treatment cost and speed will become important considerations in the treatment of municipal solid waste. Power generation technology of municipal solid waste incineration will be a realistic choice for big cities in China.

There are many furnace types for waste incineration power generation, mainly including mechanical grate incinerator, rotary kiln, circulating fluidized bed furnace and pyrolysis gasifier. China's waste incineration power generation technology started late. After years of development, combined with China's economic and technological level and the characteristics of municipal solid waste, the status quo of garbage incineration power generation furnace with mechanical grate incinerator and circulating fluidized bed incinerator as the main types has been formed.

Rotary kiln incinerator has obvious advantages in treating toxic and harmful hospital waste or chemical waste, but it is difficult to burn municipal solid waste with low calorific value, and the construction and maintenance cost of rotary kiln is relatively high, so it has no obvious advantages. Compared with rotary kiln, pyrolysis gasifier, etc. Mechanical grate incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator have outstanding advantages in waste incinerator:

(1) has good fuel adaptability. On the one hand, it is suitable for burning municipal solid waste with complex components, and on the other hand, it is suitable for burning garbage with low calorific value and high moisture.

(2) The capacity of a single furnace is large. At present, the single furnace treatment capacity of large circulating fluidized bed incinerator in China has reached? 500t/d, the second phase of Guangzhou Likeng Waste Incineration Power Plant introduced Danish Willem technology, and the processing capacity of a single incinerator can reach 750 t/d. The mechanical grate incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator effectively solved the problems of excessive waste generation and overload operation in the original landfill. Relying on the above advantages, mechanical grate incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator have become the main furnace types of waste incineration power generation in China and have been widely used.

Incineration enterprises are actively introducing the manufacturing technology and technology of digestion grate. Mechanical grate incineration technology is the oldest and most mature incineration technology at present, and it is the mainstream technology of garbage incineration. At present, garbage incineration power generation in developed countries basically adopts the combustion mode of mechanical grate furnace. Compared with traditional coal-fired power plants, garbage incinerators have the following characteristics in actual operation:

(1) Because the calorific value of garbage is unstable, the water content fluctuates greatly, and the boiler load fluctuates greatly, the combustion control problem is more prominent.

(2) The excess air coefficient is large. Due to the large volume of garbage, in order to ensure the full combustion of garbage, it is necessary to increase the oxygen content in the garbage incinerator. The oxygen content of flue gas at the outlet of incinerator must be about 6% ~ 10%.

(3) The chemical reaction in the furnace is very complicated. The composition of garbage is complex and changeable, and the combustion characteristics of different components are very different, which makes the overall chemical reaction of garbage very complicated and a chaotic system, which is difficult to describe accurately.

(4) The types of corrosion are different. Garbage contains a lot of plastics, rubber, kitchen waste, biomass and other components, and the contents of chlorine, alkali metals and volatile metals are much higher than those of conventional fuels. The complex composition of flue gas makes the heating surface vulnerable to corrosion and tube explosion.

(5) Flue gas treatment. Conventional coal-fired power plants mainly focus on dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification, while garbage incinerators should pay special attention to ensuring dioxin emission standards in actual operation. On this basis, activated carbon, lime, water and urea are used to remove pollutants including dioxins, NO and SO. /