Pests and diseases are the most stubborn disasters in forest resources. Although it is difficult, we must overcome the difficulties and do a good job in prevention and control.

Abstract: Forest resources are a part of precious resources in China. Strengthening the protection of forest resources plays an important role in the sustainable development of human society. Pests and diseases seriously threaten forest resources, and forestry departments should strengthen the protection of forest resources and vigorously carry out pest control. At present, there are some deficiencies in the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, which affects the prevention and control effect of forest diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the forestry department should seek truth from facts, analyze different problems and put forward practical countermeasures. This paper analyzes the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, and puts forward some solutions.

Key words: forest diseases and insect pests; Prevention; solution

introduce

At present, China is in a critical period of reform and development. Due to the economic development and the increase of social demand, China's forestry industry has developed rapidly. The lack of forest resources, coupled with the frequent occurrence of forest diseases and insect pests, put forward higher requirements for employees in forestry departments. However, at this stage, forest pest control personnel face many problems in their work, which greatly reduces the prevention and control work and seriously affects the protection of forest resources. Therefore, it is urgent to deeply analyze the problems existing in the process of pest control in China's forestry sector and protect forest resources.

1 Main problems in forest pest control

1. 1 Forest pest control is difficult.

China is a country with serious forest diseases and insect pests. There are more than 8000 kinds of forest diseases and insect pests in China, and more than 200 kinds often cause harm, among which the most serious ones are? Top ten? Pests and diseases include: Dendrolimus punctatus, Hyphantria cunea, poplar borer, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Japanese pine scale, pine scale, slash pine mealybug, big bag moth, pine sawfly and forest pest [1]. In recent years, the occurrence area of pests and diseases has expanded and the frequency of occurrence has increased, which has increased the difficulty of forest pest control. (1) The number of grass-roots staff is small. In recent years, afforestation and returning farmland to forests have increased the forest area of a single tree species, which in turn has increased the occurrence area of pests and diseases, which has invisibly increased the workload of staff. (2) Due to the rapid development of industry, the global greenhouse effect leads to an increase in temperature, frequent occurrence of warm winter seasons, a decrease in the mortality rate of overwintering pests, and an increasing area affected by forests. This greatly increases the difficulty of forest pest control.

1.2 insufficient funds for forest pest control

Forestry plays an important role in environmental protection, but the national finance is insufficient in capital investment, forest pest control is not guaranteed, and grass-roots personnel are restricted by economic factors in pest control. Forest diseases and insect pests have long been a serious threat to China's forest resources, and the relevant departments have limited capital investment in this regard. Therefore, China's relevant departments should increase investment in forest pest control funds.

1.3 grass-roots personnel have weak awareness of prevention and control.

For a long time, forest resources have been the main economic source of the forestry sector, and the related interests have been constant, which has led the forestry sector to focus on the development and utilization of forest resources and gradually ignore the prevention and control of forest pests and diseases. Most forestland contractors lack awareness of pest control, and forestry department personnel have insufficient understanding of the importance of forest pest control, so they cannot better publicize and lead the pest control work. Some prevention and control workers can't seek truth from facts, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and fail to apply effective scientific and technological measures to practical work, resulting in unscientific governance and ineffective prevention and control work.

2 Restrict the effective prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests

2. 1 The grass-roots prevention and control technology is weak.

① There is a shortage of technical personnel in grass-roots forestry departments. For example, the forest plant quarantine station in Yiling District has 6 people, and the current staffing is 1 person. There is a serious shortage of personnel, an extremely serious workload and poor professional knowledge and skills. No one specializes in forest protection or forest plant protection. This directly leads to our inability to keep up with the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and the prevention and control work cannot be carried out in depth.

② There are few scientific and technological equipment and means available in the prevention and control work, so it is impossible to realize scientific and reasonable pest control. For example, prevention and control personnel only control pests and diseases of low trees by spraying chemicals. In the long run, the drug resistance of pests and diseases will increase, which will not only pollute the environment, but also affect the ecological balance. Therefore, the weak technical ability of prevention and control seriously restricts the management of forest pests and diseases.

2.2 The working mechanism is not perfect

According to relevant investigations, the working mechanism of most forestry departments in China is not perfect, such as the information transmission between administrative departments, which is not conducive to the development of pest and disease work. (1) The administrative management system of most forestry departments is a unified standard, and a one-size-fits-all policy is implemented, which is not targeted and cannot effectively play a specific guiding role in various provinces and cities, because the forestry situation in different provinces and cities is not the same. (2) The lack of communication between forestry departments can not solve the problem of forest pest control in time and quickly, which leads to the expansion of pests and diseases and causes great losses to relevant departments and the people.

2.3 It is impossible to effectively monitor the pests and diseases of forest resources.

The forestry department lacks accurate monitoring and effective prediction of the occurrence of forest pests and diseases, and can't find the occurrence of forest pests and diseases in time, and can't provide practical and favorable basis for grass-roots prevention and control personnel. Often these situations can only be found when large-scale pests and diseases occur. (1) The forestry department lacks an effective quarantine link in the management planning of forest resources, which leads to more and more harmful diseases and insect pests, wider spread and more difficult prevention and control work. (2) The special funds for prevention and control are seriously insufficient, and there is a lack of advanced and high-tech pest monitoring equipment, so the staff can't find and monitor the epidemic situation of pests and diseases in time. At present, the occurrence of pests and diseases is mainly discovered and reported by grass-roots rangers and forest contractors.

3 Forest pest control measures

3. 1 Enhance the awareness of insect prevention of grass-roots employees.

Forest pest control is an arduous and important task, and forest resources are an important part of national strategic reserve resources. The key to do this work well is to strengthen the prevention and control awareness of technicians and the masses in grass-roots forest management stations, so that the relevant personnel can realize that this is a very important and essential work. (1) Intensify publicity on the harmfulness of pests and diseases, such as organizing township (street office) forestry management stations to carry out special technical training on pest control, distributing relevant technical materials and popularizing relevant laws and regulations. Strengthen the technical training of forest farmers and comprehensively improve their scientific quality and skills. Make control personnel and forest farmers realize the importance of pest control. (2) Guide forestry professionals and experts to devote themselves to the prevention and control work, for example, hire forestry experts, university professors and professional technicians of enterprises to go to the countryside, carry out activities of sending science and technology to the countryside, and teach people face-to-face the methods and technologies of pest control. (3) Strengthen the understanding of forest department managers on pest control, urge them to realize the importance of pest control, realize the combination of prevention and control, and control the area of pests and diseases.

3.2 Effective implementation of prevention and control responsibilities

Pests and diseases are the most stubborn disasters in forest resources. Although it is difficult, we must overcome the difficulties and do a good job in prevention and control. Therefore, the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests needs the long-term and persistent efforts of the forestry department. Effective prevention and control responsibility has a very positive effect on the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, which can enable relevant personnel to carry out prevention and control work in depth. (1) The forestry department has set up a prevention and control team, and each person is responsible for a certain range of pest control work according to the actual situation of pest control work. ② The prevention and control team should formulate feasible prevention and control countermeasures according to the actual situation of pests and diseases in the responsible area, so as to make the prevention and control work more targeted.

3.3 Improve the prediction of forest pests and diseases

Comprehensive monitoring of forest diseases and insect pests in various regions, timely and accurately grasp the situation of diseases and insect pests, in order to better carry out prevention and control work. (1) The forestry department should establish a long-term monitoring network of forest distribution in this area, closely monitor the pests and diseases in this area, find the main pests and diseases at the first time, and formulate effective countermeasures and treatment methods in time. ② Enhance the sense of responsibility and professional skills of grass-roots prevention and control personnel and the masses.

3.4 Strengthen investment in science and technology.

It is very important to increase investment in science and technology and formulate scientific and reasonable prevention and control schemes for effective prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests. (1) Invest in developing a set of targeted monitoring technologies, such as remote sensing technology, so that people can find the occurrence of forest pests and diseases without going to the scene, realize effective monitoring of pests and diseases, and make the prevention and control work more effective and targeted. ② Implement biological control technology, pay attention to the ecological environment of forest resources, and maintain ecological balance and species diversity.

3.5 Strengthen forestry quarantine management

The world economy and trade are frequent, and the import and export of wood are increasing day by day, which requires strict quarantine and monitoring of alien species. ① The Forest Quarantine Law must be strictly enforced, and the quarantine department should do a good job in forest quarantine to prevent alien species from entering the forest environment in China. ② The introduced tree species can only be introduced into China after passing the quarantine inspection by the forestry quarantine department. Because the introduced tree species may carry alien pests, once quarantine is neglected, alien pests may flood in a large area in China, making the prevention and control work more arduous. Therefore, it is extremely important to strengthen the prevention and management of forest resources pests and diseases.

4 conclusion

At present, pests and diseases seriously affect and restrict forest growth, even affect the whole forest resources, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of forest resources in China. Therefore, forestry workers should improve their understanding of the harmfulness of forest pests and diseases and do a good job in publicity and education at the grassroots level. The relevant state departments should increase capital investment and introduce scientific and technological monitoring equipment to the grassroots. The forestry department should establish and improve the prevention and control mechanism, better serve the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, and make the national forest resources develop continuously and healthily.

refer to

[1] Hou Xinchun, Liu Hengshan, party flag. Present situation and countermeasures of forest pest control [J]. Forestry survey and design in Inner Mongolia, 20 13.

[2] Ada. Problems and Countermeasures of Forest Pest Control in Heilongjiang Province [J]. Private Science and Technology, 2012,05:143.

Cai Liqiao. Problems and countermeasures in forest pest control [J]. Biotechnology World, 20 13, 05: 57.

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