(1) Toolbox for oil painting tools, color palettes, blending agents and other painting materials. Mostly wood, with three retractable legs, used for indoor painting and outdoor sketch.
(2) The indoor easel can move the picture up and down and back and forth according to the needs of the painter; Folding easel is used for field sketch. An easel can also be combined with a picture frame or a table-a picture frame easel.
(3) Used for indoor painting, articles, etc. Professional drawing tables have many functions, and the one that can move freely and adjust the height is the best.
(4) Draw a stool. The height of the indoor painting stool can be adjusted, and the outdoor painting stool can be folded. There is also a ladder-shaped painting stool that can be moved up and down for painting large oil paintings.
(5) draw an umbrella It's special when you go out to sketch, which can shelter from the rain and block the direct sunlight. Special umbrellas usually have fixed settings.
(6) brush. There are different pen types, sizes and models, divided into animal hair and artificial hair, which are used for color matching and picture coloring.
(7) draw a knife. There are many shapes. Mainly used for color matching, painting, scraping, cleaning the drawing board, etc.
(8) color palette. There are two kinds of rectangle and ellipse, which are used for color matching and pigment placement. Oil painting palette
(9) oil pot. Used to hold colored oil, turpentine and other mixtures. A small oil pot with a spring piece at the bottom can be clamped on the palette.
(10) Brush the bucket. Used for cleaning or placing colored brushes.
(1 1) Draw a staff. Also called wrist stick. Used to support the arm when painting.
(12) cloth tensioning pliers. The jaw is wide, which is special for stretching canvas.
(13) Order guns. Used to fix canvas, similar to stapler. There are two nail types, large and small, which are slightly longer and harder than ordinary staples.
(14) Small hammer and nail. Traditional method for stretching canvas. Some small hammers are magnetic at one end and can suck nails.
(15) Sandpaper or pumice is used to polish canvas when making foundation.
(16) Charcoal, pencils and erasers. Used to draw a draft.
(17) Sketchpad. Used for sketching or creating.
(18) newspaper or cloth head. Used for wiping pens or drawing knives. Cloth head also has a special purpose of wiping pictures.
(19) electric mixer. Used to make base material or glue.
(20) Brush and scraper. Used as a canvas base.
(2 1) heater. Used for heating when making glue or mixture.
(22) Marble board and grinding pestle. Used for grinding oil painting pigments.
(23) mirror. Looking back at the picture in the mirror, you can find the modeling error. The reducing mirror is convenient to observe the overall effect, and the black lens is used to observe the relationship between black and white.
(24) Oil pastel
Other tools: beakers, bottles, metal boxes, metal cans and other containers, as well as rulers, scissors, pliers, tape measures, clips, scales, copper mortar, hair dryer, spray gun and so on. Can come in handy.
Painting skills:
1 kneading
Rubbing refers to the method of directly manipulating two or more different colors on the screen with a pen. After color processing, it produces natural mixed changes, obtains subtle and bright colors and contrast between light and shade, and can play a transitional role.
Second line
Lines refer to lines drawn with pen drawing, and oil painting lines are generally drawn with soft and sharp clues, but in different styles, round heads, proofreaders and old flat pens can also draw thick lines similar to strong books. At first, both eastern and western paintings were modeled on lines. In the morning oil paintings, drafts are generally drawn with precise and rigorous line outlines. In Tempella technique, the method of arranging wires is the main means to form light and shade. It was only later that western oil paintings evolved into light and shade and heads, but even so, the midline factor in oil paintings was influenced by indelible colors. Slim and bold. The use of neat or random lines and repeated overlapping and overlapping lines enriches the language of oil painting, and it is very important to deal with different shapes of sideline. The use of lines in oriental painting has also influenced the styles of many modern western masters, such as Matisse, Van Gogh, Picasso, Miro and Klee.
3 frustration
Discontinuation is a method of coloring with the roots of oil painting pens. After pressing the pen, make a slight stroke, stumble and lift again, such as calligraphy, which is vigorous and solid. The colors of the nib and the root of the pen are different, and the light and heavy direction of the pen holder is different, which can produce many changes and interests.
4 beats
The technique of gently patting the picture with a wide oil painting pen or fan pen is called patting. Flapping can produce a certain undulating texture, which is neither very obvious nor very simple. You can also process the original strong strokes or colors to weaken them.
5 la
Pulling refers to drawing solid lines and sharp edges of objects in oil painting, such as the side of a sword or glass. At this time, you can adjust the color with a painting knife, and then draw the color on the screen with the side of the blade. The shape drawn by the painting knife is three-dimensional and definite, which is difficult to achieve with a brush or other methods.
6 friction
Wipe is to put the brush sideways and wipe the picture with the belly of the brush. Usually it is carried out in a large area with less color, which can form less obvious brush strokes and is also a common method of laying background color. On the dry background or undulating texture, you can draw an effect similar to traditional Chinese painting, making the underlying texture more obvious.
7 bricks
The method of bricklaying is to use a knife instead of a brush, just like a mason uses a mud knife to circle mud on the canvas, leaving a knife mark directly. The masonry method can have different thickness levels, and the size, shape and direction of the knife will also produce rich contrast. Draw different colors with a painting knife, and let them mix naturally on the screen without too much mixing, which can produce subtle color relations. The color layer with excessive fluctuation can also be leveled by masonry. If the masonry method is used properly, there will be a strong sense of shaping.
8 inhibition
Pressing is to gently press and lift the wet color layer with the bottom of a knife, which will produce a special texture on the color surface. In some places where special textures need to be portrayed, the expected effect can be achieved by using suppression technology.
9?o'clock
Point-all methods start from the point, and all brushwork starts from the point. As early as in the classic Tempella technique, stippling is an important technique to express levels. In Vermeer's works, the strokes of dots are also used to express the flicker of light and the texture of objects. Impressionist stippling has become one of its basic characteristics, but Monet, Renoir and pissarro have different changes and personalities. Neo-impressionism, on the other hand, went to extremes, mechanically using dots as his only brush strokes. In modern realistic oil painting, the density of points is also used to produce light and shade levels, which can cause a definite but not rigid transition. In the comprehensive painting method, the combination of point method with line and surface can produce rich contrast, and oil painting pens with different shapes and textures can produce different point strokes, which can play a unique role in expressing the texture of some objects.
10 stroke
Depiction refers to the use of the blade of a painting knife to draw negative lines and shapes on wet colors, sometimes showing potential colors. Different painting knives can produce different depth and thickness changes, as well as the texture changes of the ups and downs of points, lines and surfaces formed by brush strokes and sharp painting knife techniques.
1 1 scan
Color scanning is often used to connect two adjacent color blocks to make them less rigid. This can be done by gently sweeping with a clean fan pen when the color is not dry. You can also use a pen to sweep another color on the background color to produce a color effect that is staggered up and down, loose and not greasy.
12 stamp
It means that after dipping the pigment with a hard bristle brush, the pigment is vertically imprinted on the screen with a pen. Stamping is not commonly used, and it is generally only used when special textures are needed locally.
13 pendulum
Putting the paint directly on the canvas with a pen without making more changes is called posing, which is also one of the basic strokes of oil painting. The pendulum method is often used at the beginning and end of oil painting, and the relationship between color and modeling is found with certain colors and accurate strokes. It often takes only a few strokes to change the picture at key points. Of course, do it in your chest first, and then write. Rubbing is to use the abdomen of a brush to cross the screen, usually with less color in a large area, which can form less obvious brush strokes and is also a common method to lay the background color. On the dry background or undulating texture, you can draw an effect similar to traditional Chinese painting, making the underlying texture more obvious.
14 scraping
Scraping is the basic usage of oil painting knife. Scraping is generally used to scrape off the unsatisfactory parts of the picture with a blade, or to scrape off unnecessary details or weaken the strong relationship with a knife to relax the tense picture relationship. After a long day's homework, it is often necessary to scrape off some painted colors with a knife in order to dry them in time and continue painting the next day. When the color is dry, you can also use a painting knife or razor to scrape off the uneven places. You can also scrape off the wet color layer with a knife to expose the background color and show various textures.
15 time unit
If stippling and sketching are the means to form the points and lines of oil painting, then painting is the main method to form the surface of oil painting. The methods of painting include flat painting, thick painting and Bo Tu, and impressionist pointillism is also called casual painting. Flat painting is the main method to draw a large area of color blocks, and even flat painting is a common technique for decorative oil painting. Thick coating is one of the main characteristics that distinguishes oil painting from other kinds of pens. It can make the pigment have a certain thickness and leave obvious brushstrokes to form a texture. Scraping off extremely thick pigment with a painting knife or squeezing the pigment directly onto the canvas can be called heap coating. Thin Xu diluted with oil and painted thinly on the screen can produce transparent or translucent effect. The pen used for sketching is flexible and vivid. The coating method of wiping and sweeping is also called halo coating.
Painting steps:
First of all, you should prepare professional canvas, wood board (plywood) or paint with oil painting paper as the medium. Usually when learning oil painting at the primary level, we usually use wooden boards as the medium of painting, mainly for the convenience and easy modification of students' painting. We let the students draw directly on the plywood. In fact, woodcut oil painting is very popular in western oil painting. Hard texture, can be used scraper, pen and other tools to draw. And it can be painted very thick, broken, scraped off and painted repeatedly until the painting is satisfactory.
Oil painting is created with oil paint as the medium. It has become a worldwide painting. First of all, it has a strong expressive force. For example, it can be covered countless times and painted repeatedly. Secondly, its color is bright, saturated and not easy to change color. Third, it can be modified repeatedly and has strong plasticity. Especially not as fast as watercolor painting and gouache painting, but once the painting is broken, it is not easy to modify it.
There should be a palette. The palette is a tool used by artists to adjust colors, which is used to adjust various colors used at ordinary times. The palette knife can save the waste of color and adjust the color more evenly. You can use the palette knife to adjust the color of the oil painting evenly on the palette.
The next step is to paint on the canvas prepared in advance with an oil painting pen.
1 sketch: the preparation of sketch is the key to creation. The clarity and maturity of sketch is the concentrated expression of the author's thoughts and feelings, comprehensive expressive force and composition ability. Sketch must determine the basic performance and image concreteness of this painting.
2. On the canvas: Generally, you can enlarge the sketch to get the desired accuracy and affirmation. After enlarging the sketch on the manuscript, some necessary modifications can be made to make it richer and deeper. Hope has shown clear expressive force in the manuscript stage.
3 Coloring: the expression pays more attention to directness and first feeling, and you can choose the local beginning that you think plays a key role, so that the first color often determines the color shadow expression of the whole work.
The character's face is undoubtedly the most important. You can ask yourself to draw some parts at the best time to win a painting, which requires mastering the powerful body ups and downs in each stroke; Sometimes the intensity of color and the thickness of color layer will have unexpected effects, which is just the natural expression of painting imagination. So it is very important to have good control and confirmation. Generally speaking, my painting method at this stage is not very regular. I will only start painting in several related parts at the same time, and some parts need to be painted repeatedly.
4 overall adjustment: this stage is crucial. It takes a lot of patience, and this stage is not as pleasant as the last one. It is a stage of emotional development, which is more exciting. But on the one hand, this stage is to make up for some weak parts of the picture, on the other hand, it is to make every part of the picture full of expressiveness and appeal, and sometimes very wonderful situations can appear at this stage.