Mainly depends on your choice of employment direction, microelectronics direction or fixed electricity direction.
Look at your question below, you should mainly want to do micro-electricity.
Usually, micro-electric treatment is better than fixed electricity, and the direction of fixed electricity is mainly to go to the foundry, so it is difficult to do production line research and development.
In the direction of micro-electricity, it is basically impossible for undergraduate students to do design, and design companies require master's degree or above. So most of them will enter the production line, such as SMIC, Freescale, MediaTek, ZTE, etc. The salary in our school must be 3000+, with an average of about 5000. There are many cities, not necessarily where. For example, SMIC has production lines in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Han, Chengdu and Shenzhen.
As for what you have in college, it varies from person to person. It's nothing serious. It's all free anyway. After entering the company, there will be intensive training and familiarity with the production line. The theory learned in school is basically useless, and the production technology learned is basically useless in the factory.
Writing code for development, undergraduates basically have no chance unless they find a small company. Integrated circuit design depends on what direction you want to do, such as RFID, digital integration, analog integration, sensitive devices, sensing systems, Soc, front-end or back-end, etc. Different directions require different skills. Analog, digital and electrical circuits, all of which are electrical. The most important things in microelectronics are semiconductor process transistor principle, semiconductor physics, digital integrated circuit design, analog integrated circuit design, high frequency, radio frequency, sensor foundation and so on.
The design in the company must be teamwork, and it is impossible to do it alone. If you are very capable, a person can design a good program as long as a company is willing to buy it.