1, Fair Cup

Ancient Han people drank porcelain. An old man or faucet stands in the center of the cup, and the cup body has a hollow porcelain tube leading to a small hole at the bottom of the cup; The upper mouth of the tube is equivalent to the height of the mole (or dragon jaw) on the old man's chest.

2. Ming dynasty lucky boat

"Fortune Boat" appeared in the Song Dynasty and was named after it was built along the coast of Fujian. The submarine is a sharp-bottomed ship with a draft of four meters, and it is the main warship of China Navy in Ming Dynasty. It is as high as a building, with a wide bottom and a high tail, and guards on both sides. The whole ship is divided into four layers, the lower layer is filled with stone ballast, the second layer is filled with soldiers, the third layer is the main operating place, and the upper layer is the combat place. The bow is high, with an impact device, which can plow and sink enemy ships under the pressure of wind.

3. archimedean spiral

Archimedean spiral is all spirals in the form of (polar equation) r = aθ. The distance of each arm of this spiral is always equal to 2 π a. In order to solve the problem of irrigating the land with water. Archimedes invented the cylindrical spiral water lifter, which was later called "Archimedes spiral".

3, waiting for the wind seismograph

Hou Feng Seismograph is the first instrument to test earthquakes in the world. It was invented by Zhang Heng, a scientist of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, in the first year of Yangjia, Shun Di, the Emperor Gaozu (A.D. 132), and this invention of Zhang Heng was recorded in Zhang Hengchuan in the later Han Dynasty. Hou Feng seismograph is made of fine copper, with a diameter of eight feet and a height of eight feet, which is about 1.89 meters today. It is shaped like a wine bottle. There is a delicate structure in the seismograph, which is mainly composed of the central column and eight sets of dental machines around it.

4. Water transport instrument image platform

It was built in the Yuan You period of the Northern Song Dynasty, more than 900 years ago. The site is located in Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty (now Kaifeng, Henan). It is a large astronomical clock, which integrates three functions: time telling, astronomical observation and star display. Its total height is nearly 12 meter, and the platform bottom is 7 meters square, which is called the most advanced large-scale mechanical device in the world at that time.

The China Science and Technology Museum displayed a 1:2 scale restoration model made according to the records in the book. The construction work was led by then Prime Minister Su Song and designed by Han Gonglian, an official familiar with astronomy and mechanical technology.

5. Dahua Building Loom

Jacquard is the highest achievement of ancient weaving in China. This jacquard uses heald jacquard to weave brocade. The most difficult thing to master in jacquard technology is to reproduce the expected pattern on the fabric. Flower calligraphy refers to making thousands of warp yarns rise and fall alternately up and down regularly according to the designed pattern, and dozens of weft yarns are arranged horizontally, so as to make a whole set of pattern memory devices. Once the flowers are knotted, they can be woven on the machine.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Science and Technology Museum, China