Regarding vocational skills training, Han Weimin, deputy director of the Standing Committee of Wuhu Municipal People's Congress and chairman of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, summed it up as "four dissatisfaction", that is, students are dissatisfied, training institutions are dissatisfied, enterprises are dissatisfied, and management departments are equally dissatisfied. In the past few days, the interview found that because of this, although the relevant parties have vigorously carried out various skills upgrading measures, including vocational skills training, the overall effect is still unsatisfactory.
The anxiety of quick success and instant benefit pervades many aspects.
Wuhu City Federation of Trade Unions' sampling survey of industrial enterprises and commercial enterprises above designated size shows that ordinary junior and intermediate workers account for 78.5%, and technicians (including technicians and senior technicians) only account for 6.9%. In the last three years, the demand for skilled personnel in enterprises has increased at an average annual rate of 2 1.2%.
Judging from this data, the demand for skilled personnel in enterprises has reached a very high level. In sharp contrast, although enterprises are eager for skilled talents, they do not cultivate their own talents. The survey also from Wuhu City shows that only 45.6% of the surveyed enterprises cooperate with vocational colleges to carry out school-enterprise cooperation training according to their job requirements, and 33. 1% of the enterprises set up training bases, skill master studios and other facilities to enhance their self-training ability.
In Han Weimin's view, in the face of skills upgrading, both enterprises, employees and even training schools have shown a considerable degree of quick success and instant benefit.
Some business operators even think that the employment of enterprises has been marketized, and on-the-job training and job placement are internal management affairs of enterprises, and other departments should not interfere too much. Especially in the face of operational difficulties, enterprises are even more reluctant to increase investment in employee training. In particular, some small and micro enterprises, faced with the job-hopping phenomenon of ordinary operators in production lines, bluntly believe that training is to make wedding clothes for others.
Hefei City Federation of Trade Unions began to implement the plan of "Free College Education for Migrant Workers" from 20 12. Undertaking specific teaching tasks naturally falls to Hefei Workers College directly under the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions. Migrant workers who pass the national unified adult college entrance examination and are admitted to Hefei Staff University can enjoy the relevant exemption admission policy.
For such an opportunity that is equivalent to "a pie in the sky", the workers have not longed for it. Many workers think that it is really meaningless to spend a lot of energy to get a college diploma if academic qualifications cannot be directly linked to salary increases. This proves that the enterprises with the largest number of applicants are often those with large scale and high requirements for employees' academic qualifications.
In the specific implementation of teaching process, the school also encountered some problems. Although the school tries to deal with the contradiction between work and study at night and weekends, the total attendance rate of students can only reach about 80%.
Do you want direct income or long-term investment?
According to a questionnaire survey in Wuhu, when asked what skilled talents need most, the first answer is to improve salary and welfare, accounting for 77%.
"What's the use of studying if you can't get a raise?" During the interview, some employees told me very bluntly.
In the survey, some employees reported that although they have obtained the qualification certificate of senior engineer or above, it is difficult to implement the corresponding treatment in the enterprise.
Dissatisfaction with skills training is also reflected in more places. "Some trained workers believe that the training content provided by the school is out of touch with their actual needs, and the classroom is' full', lacking practical training, with few hands-on opportunities and limited improvement in practical ability. Although some students have obtained vocational qualification certificates, it is still difficult to find a job. " Han Weimin believes that such a reality is the main reason for students' dissatisfaction.
When it comes to skills upgrading, many high-skilled talents say that the real "skills" of one skill are not necessarily equal to several training certificates or diplomas. Skills training is just a way and a ladder to improve skills. It is obviously an idea to hope that a training can achieve the effect once and for all. And to make a skill reach the level of "beside", I am afraid it can't be achieved by several superficial trainings. No matter how many skills you have, gold will always shine. The point is, you have to forge yourself into a piece of gold first.
Xu Qijin, deputy monitor of the live working class of Suzhou Power Supply Company of State Grid, only had a high school education, but he later became a "dancer on the high-voltage line". The original secret of improving the skills of the "layman" in this power system is to rely on tens of thousands of "small notes" in the trouser pocket. By memorizing the technical points on the "small note", he constantly consolidated the foundation of technological innovation.
Zhong Wang is a worker in Zhu Zhuang Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Group Company, and his education level is not high, but he has become the "king of coal machines" in the mine. The intractable diseases of coal machines that others can't handle are in the hands of Wang, but they are easy. Regarding the secret of Wang's skill improvement, his wife Li said: "He usually doesn't care whether he eats or not when he comes home. He just took the book into the room and rummaged around, studying until midnight or all night. He has no holidays and is basically studying how to install and uninstall equipment. "
It is difficult to achieve the expected goal only by relying on the market mechanism.
The cultivation of skilled personnel is actually a public product and service, and it is difficult to achieve the expected goal only by relying on the market mechanism. Moreover, the investment in staff training, the construction of training bases and the treatment of highly skilled talents are closely related to the operating conditions of enterprises. Without a strong incentive and guidance mechanism, the training method of skilled talents with employers as the main body can only rely on the weather.
Then, to what extent can the "hands" of the government and relevant departments extend in carrying out actions to improve employees' skills through supervision and encouragement?
A few days ago, Wuhu announced the latest policy of strengthening the city through science and technology. This new policy, which includes 10 aspects and 25 articles, not only puts forward the goal of cultivating skilled personnel-the total number of technicians will reach 480 thousand in four years, but also puts forward the ways to achieve this goal.
Wuhu City proposes to implement precision skills training programs for key groups such as poor workers, retired soldiers and employment assistance targets by relying on enterprises, vocational colleges and training institutions. Explore the "internet plus" model, establish individual study accounts and credit accumulation system for workers, and broaden the channels of lifelong training. Encourage enterprises in the city to sign directional training agreements with students and vocational colleges, select a number of large and medium-sized enterprises, and implement a new apprenticeship system based on "recruiting students, entering enterprises, entering schools, and joint training between enterprises and schools".
There are three policies given by Wuhu Human Resources and Social Security Bureau: reward, allowance and subsidy. The largest amount of personal rewards is that the municipal government selects 20 chief technicians in Wuhu, 20 skill prize winners in Wuhu 10 and "outstanding craftsmen in Jiangcheng" 10 every two years, and awards honorary certificates and 20,000 yuan to each person.
Obviously, these policies have good intentions, but they may be difficult to implement. Some insiders have called for the management department to introduce some hard measures to encourage employees to improve their skills. But there is no clear answer to the extent of "justice". In this context, it may be more practical to call on all parties, including enterprises, employees and education and training institutions, to be more far-sighted and less eager for quick success and instant benefit.
Perhaps the ultimate goal of training is to raise wages, otherwise it will be in vain.