Love ancient poems without utility and from the heart, and enjoy the edification and sentiment they bring to the soul. This is the correct way to open ancient poetry.
The utilitarian goal is not conducive to students' learning and cognition of ancient poetry. Giving full freedom and space, giving patient guidance and letting students feel the artistic conception of ancient poetry from an early age is the key.
During the Spring Festival, the dust settled in the second season of CCTV's Chinese Poetry Conference. The topic of ancient poetry education should not be a flash in the pan, but should be dispersed in a hubbub.
Some people say that the poetry conference has found the correct way to open China's traditional culture, while others say that it is not just a performance, and it can't change the reality of the decline of excellent traditional culture. What needs more attention is that after the broadcast of the program, various ancient poetry training classes have mushroomed, and many parents are eager to train their children into the next Wu Yishu and chen more.
Wu Yishu, champion of China Poetry Conference.
The usefulness and uselessness of ancient poetry education
In the second season of CCTV's Chinese Poetry Conference, Wu Yishu, a girl from Shanghai Fudan High School who won the championship, attracted the most topics. This "post-00" girl's classical temperament, quick response and calm mentality have made many fans exclaim that she has "satisfied all the illusions about ancient talented women".
Meng Man, an associate professor at Minzu University of China, commented: "The truth, goodness and beauty of poetry penetrated into her heart. Wu Yishu's modesty is not fake, but her inner poetry. She stood there calmly and poetically, which is the so-called' poem in the belly'. "
Indeed, if Wu Yishu is different from most of her peers, it is: other people's shelves are full of mathematical exercises, and she also has a poem; Others worship contemporary rich stars, and she calls Lu You a "male god".
Not only Wu Yishu, but also in the second season of Chinese Poetry Conference, there are many "post-00" Shanghai girls, all of whom are academic tyrants and beautiful girls with elegant temperament and calm attitude. Wenye Jiang, a sophomore in Shanghai Middle School, was asked why he came to record the program when the college entrance examination was coming. He replied that he likes poetry and has "spare capacity for learning". And her college entrance examination volunteer is actually a financial major that doesn't match ancient poetry. Hou Youwen, a junior girl from Wenlai Middle School, is only 13 years old. She is the youngest player to enter the challenge from the team of 100 people-the teacher commented, "This is only a period of my life". Although she is very young, she still performs well.
The recitation and accumulation of a large number of classical poems have cultivated their certain temperament, and also cultivated their values, aesthetic methods and expressions. Even on the field, they don't have the usual competitive spirit, juvenile spirit, sensitivity and nervousness. For most contestants, reading poems every day is not a waste of time, but the most important part of their lives. "Accept the influence of beauty, feel the beauty of emotion, things and culture, and let them live poetically on the real land."
In this regard, some scholars have commented that it is not because ancient poetry can bring convenience to the evaluation of outstanding students, or win the honor of competitions and show off wisdom and success, but just like ancient poetry from the heart, it has no utility and enjoys the edification and sentiment they bring to the soul. This is the similarity between the player and the ancient poem "the correct way to open".
As Meng Man said, for most of the contestants in this program, "what matters is not the quantity of poetry, but the love of poetry, not to memorize poetry to participate in this competition, but to appreciate poetry."
Li Shan, a professor at the College of Literature of Beijing Normal University, also said, "The Chinese nation is a nation of poetry, and China people have a unique cultural complex for poetry, which is the most cherished at present."
Looking for the "Correct Opening Way" of Ancient Poetry Education
Not long ago, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued opinions, announcing the implementation of the inheritance and development project of Chinese excellent traditional culture, comprehensively reviving traditional culture, and throughout the national education, focusing on primary and secondary school classrooms and textbooks. The time node to achieve the goal is set at 2025.
It is obviously not easy to achieve the goal. Some scholars have analyzed that there will be a lot of wrong answers in the Chinese Poetry Congress, which was originally a hundred-member group of famous poems and sentences known to women and children. This shows that China people, especially teenagers, have great room for improvement in ancient poetry education.
How to improve? Wei Jia, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, said that schools are an indispensable main channel for the education of ancient poetry.
During the interview, the reporter learned that in the Fudan High School where Wu Yishu is located, traditional cultural education has become a common practice. The Book of Songs in July, which she recited casually, was published in the first book of Reading China's Ancient Poems compiled by the school. All the students in the school should study The Analects of Confucius, China's View on Ancient Literature and Selected Works of a Hundred Schools of Thought, and read ancient poems every morning.
As a national experimental zone for comprehensive education reform, Shanghai has invested heavily in traditional culture education in recent years, and established a long-term mechanism of "six advances" in Chinese excellent traditional culture education with "teaching materials", "classroom", "extracurricular", "team building" and "evaluation system" as the main contents, so as to promote the integration of socialist core values and Chinese excellent traditional culture into the whole process of school education. The Shanghai version of Chinese textbooks has increased the proportion of traditional culture such as poetry. Compared with the national textbook, there are more poems and articles, for example, classical Chinese in grades four to six accounts for about 20% of the total text, and basic courses and high schools in grades seven to nine account for 40%.
Of course, what is most worth learning from Shanghai's successful experience is not the requirements for poetry and prose, but the teaching concept.
"Parents often question why students spend so much time writing ancient poems that only scored 6 points in the college entrance examination?" Teacher Huang Ronghua, Minister of Chinese Teaching and Research Department of Fudan High School, said frankly, "It is this utilitarian idea of getting the highest output and the highest score with the least investment that makes Chinese education in primary and secondary schools go astray and makes many students lose their ability to feel the artistic conception of ancient poetry and their interest in reading."
Sun, a Chinese teacher in the middle school attached to Peking University, also believes that "the utilitarian goal is not conducive to students' learning and cognition of ancient poetry. Giving full freedom and space, giving patient guidance and letting students feel the artistic conception of ancient poetry from an early age is the key. "
Ni, an associate professor in the Chinese Department of East China Normal University, said: "Approaching ancient poetry, there is also an important content, which is to deeply understand the story behind poetry. "The most important thing is to guide students to feel the beauty and artistic conception of ancient poetry and the profound charm of China traditional culture through reading and learning."
Spreading life background and looking for cultural identity
The popularity of "Chinese Poetry Conference" has made many parents decide to train their children to be the next Wu Yishu and Chen Duo, asking them to recite more ancient poems and participate in various training courses on ancient poems held by the society.
In this regard, although the experts are happy, they are more worried. In their view, children's learning of ancient poetry focuses on cultivating language sense, temperament and various forms. They must not study too early, learn by rote, and they must not blindly increase the burden with the wind.
Wei Jia reminded parents that learning ancient poems is not as early as possible, and letting children recite poems in advance does not conform to the development law of brain science. China's traditional culture education is a long-term accumulation process, so we can't be eager for quick success and instant benefit. We must follow students' cognitive rules and the characteristics of ancient poetry education.
"Only 30% of students really like ancient poetry, and only 30% of fans really stand out." Wei Jia said that in primary and secondary schools, the education of ancient poetry should start with students' interests and habits, instead of letting children simply recite them, they should improve their aesthetic realm and seek cultural identity through dialogue with the ancients. In the process of the accumulation of ancient poetry, the teaching forms and evaluation should be diversified, and it is forbidden to blindly learn early, rob to learn, and memorize, so as to turn the training process into an exam-oriented technique. The performance of the contestants in the program is remarkable not because of their achievements, but because of their good quality under the influence of traditional culture.
Some scholars have pointed out that you can know the sound after practicing a thousand songs, and you can know the musical instrument after reading a thousand swords. Starting from interest, focusing on the cultivation of ambition, and aiming at the cultivation of sound personality, we should not arbitrarily raise requirements and increase unnecessary burdens, but also pay attention to cultivating students' personality specialties and assign homework in a targeted manner, so that interested children can make a longer "long board".
In Sun's view, students should receive different ancient poetry education at different stages. "This should be a gradual process. In primary school, teachers can make students feel the beauty of poetry and cultivate their elegant temperament through teaching. In middle school, interested students can gradually improve their appreciation of poetry by offering elective courses of different levels. The process of education should be scientific. "
The reporter saw in the on-the-spot interview that nowadays, many Chinese teachers in primary and secondary schools all over the country pay attention to stimulating students' love for the language and writing of the motherland in ancient poetry education, so that students can grasp the key images in repeated reading, while for children in lower grades, they use painting "poems and paintings", role-playing and storytelling to enhance their interest in learning. In Chinese class, in addition to the ringing of books, in many primary and secondary schools, students can also be heard to read ancient poems in the two-minute preview bell time of each class, with sounds in their ears and words in their hearts, and feel the beautiful artistic conception, taste the inner interest and cultivate their own morality and temperament during reading.
"The most important thing in traditional culture education is the education of national spirit and culture. Only by truly internalizing the education of ancient poetry and prose can we truly promote the inheritance of traditional culture in China." Li Shan said.