80% of sudden cardiac and cerebral death is caused by coronary heart disease and its complications. Other diseases such as cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease and severe arrhythmia can also lead to sudden death. According to statistics, sudden cardiac death accounts for 25%-30% of the total number of deaths in western countries and about 5% in China, but it is on the rise.

Cardiac arrest mostly occurs on different occasions outside the hospital, so it is particularly important to carry out mass knowledge and technical education on cardiac resuscitation and establish a perfect social emergency department. Once the diagnosis of cardiac arrest is made, the rescuer should make a decisive decision, race against time and take ten rescue measures quickly:

Once cardiac arrest occurs in patients with head tilt and unobstructed airway, cardioversion or cough cardioversion should be performed immediately. The position of cardioversion should be at the junction of middle and lower sternum 1/3. After 1-2 beats, some patients can immediately cardioversion. If the patient is still awake without losing consciousness, ask the patient to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. The rescuer can press the patient's forehead with one hand to make the patient's head lean back, and hold the patient's chin with the other hand to make the head and neck lean back, and keep the mandibular tip and earlobe perpendicular to the ground plane to clear the airway.

Repeated artificial respiration If the patient's spontaneous breathing has stopped, artificial respiration should be carried out quickly, preferably mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. The rescuer holds the patient's nostril with his thumb and forefinger, and then takes a deep breath, tightly clings to the patient's lips and blows hard deeply and quickly, repeatedly, every minute 16-20 times.

The cardiac reconstruction cycle is marked by xiphoid process, the middle finger is horizontally placed above xiphoid process, and the middle sternum above the finger is the compression area. The rescuer puts the root of one palm on the pressing part, and the other hand enlarges the back of the previous hand and presses vertically, 80- 100 times per minute. Pressing should be smooth, even and regular, so as to avoid overexertion and fracture of ribs and sternum.

Common drugs for timely application of rescue drugs include lidocaine, bromobenzylamine, magnesium sulfate, procainamide, sodium bicarbonate, epinephrine, atropine, etc. Can be applied in time according to the patient's condition.

ECG monitor is an indispensable equipment for ECG clinical nursing and should be monitored during the whole rescue process. Even if the resuscitation is successful, the patient should stay in the intensive care unit for at least 48-72 hours.

Treatment? Ventricular fibrillation? It is an important step to restore sinus heart rate quickly and correctly. Once ventricular fibrillation or persistent rapid ventricular tachycardia is confirmed by ECG monitoring, direct current defibrillation with 200 Joule energy should be performed immediately.