Rational drug use should consider the following aspects. Proper administration time interval is a necessary condition to keep the blood drug concentration stable and ensure that the drug is non-toxic and effective. The interval between administration is too long to maintain the effective blood concentration; Too short an interval may lead to overdose and even poisoning in the body. According to the metabolic law of drugs in vivo, the plasma half-life of drugs is taken as the time interval, and the plasma drug concentration can reach a steady state after 4 ~ 6 half-lives. In practical application, most drugs are administered 3 ~ 4 times a day, and only under special circumstances, such as digitalis, are special intervals given. For some drugs with rapid metabolism, the blood concentration can be kept constant by intravenous drip, such as norepinephrine and oxytocin. For some drugs affected by the biological rhythm of the body, the administration time should be stipulated according to its rhythm, such as long-term use of adrenocortical hormone. According to the characteristics of the highest hormone secretion in the morning, the drug is given every morning to increase the curative effect and reduce the side effects.

The administration time of drugs should be determined according to the specific drugs. Drugs susceptible to gastric acid should be taken before meals, such as antacids; Drugs that easily irritate the gastrointestinal tract should be taken after meals, such as aspirin and indomethacin. Sedative and hypnotic drugs should be taken before going to bed to help them exert their efficacy and fall asleep at the right time.

The length of treatment should depend on the condition. You can stop taking the medicine after the general symptoms disappear. However, those who need long-term medication for chronic diseases should be given drugs according to the prescribed course of treatment. For example, anti-tuberculosis drugs should generally be used continuously for at least six months to more than one year. In addition, the course of treatment also depends on the toxicity of the drug. For example, anticancer drugs should be given intermittently. The phenomenon of irregular drug use behavior of urban and rural residents in China is widespread. According to the national health literacy monitoring data in 20 12, the basic medical literacy including rational drug use is only 9.56%, and the proportion of residents who can read drug instructions correctly is about 15%. In the national network knowledge contest on rational drug use, only 6.3% netizens can answer all the 10 common sense questions randomly selected from the test database.

According to a survey released by China Association for Science and Technology, 86.7% of the respondents had self-medication experience. In the process of taking medicine, 69.7% people have increased or decreased the course of treatment without authorization or changed the medicine themselves. After the child became ill, nearly 30% parents took the initiative to reduce the dosage of adult drugs or antibiotics for their children, and sometimes used a variety of drugs.