Perseverance refers to persistent enthusiasm and persistence in long-term goals. According to Angela's research, perseverance is the most critical factor to determine a person's success, which is more influential than other factors such as IQ, test scores, family income or social skills.
As soon as this book came out, it quickly became the best seller of Amazon education. Through a clear and complete logical framework, combined with a large number of interviews with people, scientific evaluation and literature citations, she told us that five principles must be followed to cultivate perseverance-
Principle one
Perseverance is more than persistence.
Many people will watch Angela's speech video and say, "Grit just keeps trying and never gives up." Actually, it's only half right. Grit means not only unremitting efforts, but also enthusiasm that drives efforts.
To put it simply: perseverance = = enthusiasm+persistence.
Why is enthusiasm so important? If persistence is a state, then enthusiasm is the fuel to promote persistence. It is better not to insist without enthusiasm.
Only with enthusiasm and self-driven persistence can we be truly firm and truly move towards Excellence and happiness.
So with the enthusiastic "fuel", can you stick to it all the time? An example is mentioned in the book. A young entrepreneur told Angela that she was "very determined". In the past year, he spent a lot of time and energy to raise funds for his entrepreneurial project, and even stayed up all night.
But he also admitted: "I may not do the same thing in a few years." Angela said it was not strong enough. Many promising careers did not develop at first sight, and many optimistic business plans were finally thrown into the trash can because they didn't last long enough. It is more important to persist in this matter than short-term intensity, but long-term endurance.
Therefore, achieving Excellence requires enthusiasm and persistence, and both are indispensable. There is a sentence in Angela's book, which is the best interpretation of perseverance: "Do what you love and continue to love."
Principle 2
Love and persistence are mutually reinforcing.
Many people say, "I don't know what I like." Many young people are constantly looking for their "true love", but they are finally lost in the search.
Angela said that although there is no job in the world and everything in it is what you like, the study found that the higher the match between work and personal interests, the more we can work hard from the heart and get happiness.
I believe many people thought the same thing as Angela at first. The feeling of "true love" is to search for a while: "Wow! I found it! " However, after interviewing many successful people who love their careers, Angela found that most people have been deeply involved in something for some time, and their enthusiasm and interest will become stronger and stronger. Try everything, "plant grass" everywhere, and "true love" will not happen.
In other words, love and persistence are mutually reinforcing. The more you persist, the more you love. Without initial love, there will be no later persistence. But without continuous investment, there will be no deeper love.
For those who have tried a lot but are still confused, what is needed is not to continue looking, but to continue to invest and stick to one thing. Maybe you will find that your love is not "far away", but just in front of you.
At noon, Hafeida children take their temperature and prepare for lunch and lunch break.
The children took their temperature.
Principle 3
Finding and "trial and error" are still important.
If you are interested in something and stick to it, will you like it more and more and become "true love"? That's not necessarily true. Angela told us that the stage of finding and "trial and error" is also valuable.
The book quotes the research of sports psychologists: in childhood and adolescence, athletes who have tried different sports before specializing in one sport will develop better. Because early extensive attempts can help athletes determine which sport is more suitable for them. People who skip this "trying" stage will be more likely to get tired later, although the competitive advantage in the early stage is obvious.
Angela herself, after many roles such as founder of educational public welfare project, biology graduate student, management consultant and math teacher, finally found the most suitable position for herself-psychologist serving education. Angela was over 30 years old when she read her Ph.D. in Psychology, and she was a "half-way monk". She didn't have much psychological background before.
However, after nearly ten years of searching and trying, she has been quite sure of her interests and goals. Therefore, she resolutely devoted herself to research and enthusiastically studied the subject of gravel for ten years. Imagine that without her previous relevant experience, she is unlikely to have such a persistent and firm passion for gravel.
For teenagers in the early stage of interest cultivation, it is more important to try extensively. Children don't care about future success, but more about present happiness. Therefore, Angela, who holds a firm style, appeals to parents all over the world: games come before hard work; In addition, encouragement is crucial. Especially when starting to do something, children need encouragement and freedom to find out what their real interests are.
The study found that overbearing parents and teachers will reduce children's enthusiasm. Enthusiastic and encouraging tutors play a great role in cultivating children's interest.
Principle 4
Perseverance, deliberate practice
So the way of parents lies in balance. On the one hand, we should encourage children to persist in investing in things they are interested in for a period of time, and then talk about "like it or not". On the other hand, we should also give children freedom and let them try extensively in order to find the direction that children are willing to work hard for a long time.
Angela has a family rule: the principle of difficulty. Children can choose the "difficult things" that they are interested in, but they must ensure that they persist for a period of time. In the meantime, you can't give up, and then you can choose to quit or continue.
Her eldest daughter tried ballet, gymnastics, track and field, handicrafts and piano for many years, and finally insisted on playing the viola, and her interest has been increasing. Parents may wish to try this "difficult principle" that takes both persistence and interest into account.
Edison said that genius is 1% inspiration and 99% sweat. Angela listed this formula in the book:
Talent × effort = skill
Skill × effort = achievement
It can be seen that on the road to success, hard work and persistence can't be bypassed. So how to stick to it? Many people know the "10,000-hour law", that is, when the time spent on something reaches 10000 hours (or 10 years), they will become experts in this matter.
Facts have proved that the law of 10000 hours may not work. For example, cooking experts in some workshops have never really cooked 1000 hours, but their cooking skills are excellent. But more ordinary people cook for more than 10000 hours, but they don't become famous chefs. Therefore, it is very important to invest enough time in this matter, and more importantly, the way of practice.
Angela quoted the research of psychologist Erickson and told us that we need "deliberate practice" to achieve Excellence. First of all, pay attention to a very small aspect of the overall performance and set an improvement goal. Then concentrate on your efforts. Finally, actively seek external feedback and keep improving until the goal is achieved.
It is worth noting that experts will not be hit by negative feedback at all, but will actively seek negative feedback and strive to improve and enhance themselves. This mentality can also be learned and cultivated by ordinary people.
Deliberate practice is hard, but it is not without reward. First of all, improving skills through deliberate practice will bring a sense of accomplishment and further enhance our interest and enthusiasm. Moreover, with the increase of deliberate practice, a magical "flow experience" will continue to patronize.
Cardiac outflow is now facing a high level of challenge, and I think I can "cope". Many musicians, painters and athletes have experienced this feeling: "It's like you don't exist, you don't need to think, you just need to act. Time flies and everything is so beautiful. "
Angela also told us that the only "magic weapon" to persist in deliberate practice is to cultivate habits. A large number of studies have found that when you get into the habit of practicing at a fixed time and place every day, you will naturally stick to it. A writer recorded an ordinary day of 1, 6 1 artists, scientists and other creators, and found that their common feature was that they were used to practicing for several hours every day.
Knowing the beautiful experience of flow and the "magic weapon" to cultivate habits, what needs to be done below is to put it into action. No matter how beautiful the ideal is, how excellent the idea is, or how much you like your career, the only way to realize it is to keep practicing!
Ha, Fei Da, happy lunch time for children.
Principle 5
The key is how to face failure.
Angela mentioned that perseverance has a lot to do with growth mentality.
What is the growth mentality? This largely depends on our attitude towards failure. Faced with challenges and failures, people with growth mentality will think they can do better. On the contrary, people with fixed mentality will interpret these as evidence of "I can't do it" and think that they are not good enough.
Henry Ford said, "Whether you think you can or not, you are always right." It can be seen that the great difference between people with growing mentality and people with fixed mentality lies in whether they really believe that they can become better.
So, how are these two different mentalities formed? Professor CarolDweck, a researcher of growth mentality, believes that a person's mentality depends on his personal success or failure experience and the reactions of people around him.
Children who are praised as "smart" rather than "hard" are more likely to have a fixed mentality when they find that their children have good grades. Because they think that their performance is only related to the innate "unchangeable" factors. Even though many parents and teachers have learned to praise their children's "efforts", our inner preference for "cleverness" will still be revealed from body language, facial expressions and behaviors and passed on to children.
In fact, most of us tend to have a fixed mentality, including Angela and Carol. However, Angela stressed that everyone's inner pessimist is surrounded by an optimist with a growing mentality.
Therefore, as long as we believe that change can really happen, everyone can cultivate a "growth mentality." For parents, instead of expecting to teach a "growing" child with the "growth words" they have learned, it is better to start from themselves and be a person with a growing mentality.
Perseverance: the power to release passion and persistence, written by AngelaDuckworth, the article is about learning and sharing, and the copyright belongs to the original author and the original source. Please contact us in time if copyright issues are involved.