1. On the technical level, sketching or painting is a practice of taking a surface as a supporting surface and adding color to it. Those surfaces can be paper or cloth, and the tools for adding color can be brushes, brushes, sponges, cloth strips and so on. And you can also use software to draw.
On the level of artistic language, the meaning of painting also includes the use of this artistic behavior plus aesthetic methods such as graphics and composition to achieve the ideas and meanings that the painter wants to express. Painting accounts for most of fine arts.
1) Employment prospect of painting major:
With the rise of various new cultural industries and fashion industries, all walks of life and even urban construction pay more and more attention to "packaging". The social demand for artistic talents has greatly increased, and the employment space for art graduates is broader and more diverse than in the past.
l？ Employment orientation: After graduation, students majoring in this major can work in teaching, creation, research, publishing and management units in the fields of culture and art, education, design, research, publishing and management. Graphic designer, artist, ui designer, art teacher, illustrator.
2) Recommended by painting professional colleges:
l？ School of visual arts, Leipzig.
School of visual arts, Leipzig, founded in 1764, is one of the oldest state art colleges. At present, there are about 530 students majoring in painting and modeling, art and modeling design, photography and media art. In the summer of 2009, a new master's program was established, which is unique in Germany, combining application with knowledge orientation and inviting people from different professional fields to teach.
l？ Essen HBK university
Essen plastic arts school is located in Essen, Germany. Founded by Stephen paul schneider, the college focuses on interdisciplinary art work, research and design assisted by art science.
l？ Berg Gibbonstein University
Haller College of Art and Design is a fancy art institution located in Haller, Saxony-anhalt, which was founded in 1879. This university has a history of 100 years. At present, its professional fields can be divided into two aspects: art and design, and a special book art major has been set up in Germany.
l？ Karlsruhe Institute, Germany
Karlsruhe National Institute of Plastic Arts is an art university in Germany. Karlsruhe National Academy of Plastic Arts was founded in 1854, with two campuses in Karlsruhe and Fribourg. It belongs to one of the German traditional arts universities and is owned by the Ministry of Academic, Research and Art of Baden-Wü rttemberg.
(2) Sculpture refers to ornamental objects and memorials with certain meanings, symbols or pictographs that are sculpted for beautifying the environment or commemorating the purpose. Sculpture is a plastic art.
Sculpture, also known as sculpture, is the general name of three creative methods: carving, carving and plastic. Refers to the use of various plastic materials (such as gypsum, resin, clay, etc.). ) or hard materials that can be carved and carved (such as wood, stone, metal, jade, agate, aluminum, glass fiber reinforced plastic, sandstone, copper, etc.). ) Create a visual and tangible artistic image with a certain space, so as to reflect social life and express the artist's aesthetic feelings, feelings and ideals. By carving, we can reduce the materials that can be carved, but pile up the plastic materials to achieve the purpose of artistic creation.
1) Employment prospects of sculpture major:
Sculpture major can be said to have the best employment prospects among pure art majors. There is a great demand for sculptures, artworks or decorations, such as high-end hotels, parks and municipal administration.
Employment orientation: Soft-fitting designer, sculptor, landscape designer, art teacher, clay sculptor.
2) Recommended by sculpture colleges:
l？ Essen HBK university
Essen plastic arts school is located in Essen, Germany. Founded by Stephen paul schneider, the college focuses on interdisciplinary art work, research and design assisted by art science.
l？ Berlin White Lake Art Institute (Wei? Berlin Art Institute)
Berlin White Lake Art Institute is a public art university, founded in 1946. The school mainly focuses on the teaching of pure art design. Its pure art majors include painting and sculpture, and its design majors include product design, visual communication, fashion design, textile design and space design. White Tiger Art School has workshops in different fields, which is convenient for students to design independently. At the same time, the school has cooperative relations with many international companies, so students have graduation internships and employment opportunities.
l？ Berg Gibbonstein University
Haller College of Art and Design, founded in 1879, is an art college located in Haller, Saxony-anhalt. This university has a history of 100 years. At present, its professional field can be divided into two aspects: art and design, and the only specialized book art major in Germany has been opened.
l？ Stuttgart National Academy of Plastic Arts
Stuttgart National Academy of Plastic Arts is a public art university in Germany and one of the oldest and largest art universities in Germany. College was established in 176 1.
(3) oil painting (an oil painting; ; A painting in oils is a kind of painting made on canvas linen, cardboard or wood by mixing pigments and quick-drying vegetable oils (flax oil, poppy oil, walnut oil, etc.). ). Diluents used in paint are volatile turpentine and dry linseed oil. The pigment attached to the picture has strong hardness and can keep luster for a long time after the picture is dried. With the hiding power and transparency of the pigment, the painted object is vividly displayed, with rich colors and strong three-dimensional sense. Oil painting is one of the main types of western painting.
1) Employment prospect of oil painting major:
Oil painting has a wide range of employment. With the rapid economic development in China, some projects need a large number of graphic designers, such as artists, illustrators, art teachers, design assistants and so on.
l？ Employment direction: professional artist, newspaper, self-media, art director, teaching teacher.
l？ Salary: the average monthly salary of oil painting teachers is between 6000-8000 yuan. The average salary is 7200 yuan, and the income is considerable.
2) Recommended by oil painting professional colleges:
l？ Stuttgart National Academy of Plastic Arts
Stuttgart National Academy of Plastic Arts is a public art university in Germany and one of the oldest and largest art universities in Germany. College was established in 176 1.
l？ Berlin University of the Arts (Universit? Berlin Museum of Art)
Berlin University of the Arts (Universit? T der Künste Berlin (UdK) is an art school located in Berlin, Germany and the largest art school in Europe. It is a public school and one of the four smallest schools in Berlin, but its teachers and school traditions are very famous in Europe. Berlin University of the Arts is one of the three major art schools in Germany (the other two are Bremen Art School and Eisenfukvingen Conservatory of Music), which can provide doctoral and postdoctoral teaching qualifications. The school has four colleges of art, architecture, media and design, music and performance, with 3600 students.
l？ Kunstein University of Hamburg
Hamburg Academy of Fine Arts has a history of more than 200 years and has a wide range of specialties. Now it has specialties such as architecture, sculpture, stage setting design, industrial design, product design, printing, film, photography, painting, visual art and art education.
(4) free art, in the 5th century, the Romans had the academic term "free art" Artesliberales or bonae. At that time, "free art" refers to grammar, speech, debate, mathematics, music, geometry and astronomy. It was not until Europe entered the Middle Ages that these seven kinds of contents contained in "free art" were regarded as "seven arts". People who know these "seven arts" are highly respected by the society. Therefore, in the Middle Ages, the "free art" in the "Seven Arts" as a skill knowledge has been included in the main art discipline of colleges and universities. Nowadays, liberal arts majors tend to be pure art. In this major, all forms of expression are free, not limited to any art form, and can be expressed by illustrations or paintings.
With the vigorous development of Internet and social media, the employment prospects of liberal arts majors are also bright. Can engage in professional-related work, but also can become a freelance artist, media and so on. For example, choose animation, illustration, pure art, games and other professional directions for employment.
l？ Employment orientation: artist, art tutor, illustrator, game designer, etc.
l？ Salary: Now is a good opportunity for the harmonious development of media, innovation and liberal arts. Compared with other arts majors, there are not many graduates majoring in liberal arts. Although there are fewer employment opportunities than popular majors, the employment competition is relatively small. The average salary of liberal arts majors is 50,000-60,000 USD/year.
2) Campus recommendation for liberal arts majors:
l？ Bauhaus-University in Weimar (Bauhaus-University? Weimar)
Weimar Bauhaus University is an art and design university located in Weimar, Germany. This school is the birthplace of modern design in the world and has made great contributions to the promotion of world art and design. It is also the first college in the world that was established entirely for the development of design education.
l？ University of Brunswick
Brunswick School of Plastic Arts is a famous art school in Europe. Brunswick University of the Arts, also known as Brunswick Academy of Fine Arts. It is an international art university with the right to award doctoral degrees. 1200 students come from 39 countries in the world.
As one of the largest art colleges in Europe, Brunswick Institute of Plastic Arts has world-class laboratories and equipment. The school has majors in arts, design, media, art education, performing arts, etc. It is an international art and design college with undergraduate, master and doctoral training qualifications.
l？ Muthesius arts school
Kierkegaard Art Institute is the only art institute in Schleswig-Holstein. It is based on the architect Herman? Named after muhith. 1907 was founded as a college of arts and crafts, and 1994 became a college of art and design. It has become the youngest art college in Germany since 2005, with about 600 students and 0/00 employees. Kiel College of Art mainly has three professional fields: art, design and spatial structure.
l？ university of bremen
Bremen Art Institute is a famous university of music art design in Germany. Bremen Art Institute was founded in 1873. Bremen Art Institute includes Art Design Institute, Conservatory of Music and Training Center. The university is one of the three major art colleges in Germany, providing comprehensive art teaching such as music, art and design.
APS audit:
APS audit is the only way to study in Germany. Its purpose is to prove that the application materials submitted by the applicants for studying abroad are true, and they have achieved enough academic achievements in China University to apply for German universities. When the applicant has passed the material audit and participated in the audit interview or TestAS test, he can get the audit certificate, which is one of the prerequisites for German universities to admit China students. At present, the academic qualifications of Chinese mainland, Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan Province provinces do not need to be audited.
The classification of review procedures for studying abroad in Germany is mainly divided into: general domestic applicant procedures, short-term exchange review procedures, exchange and cooperation group review procedures, material review procedures and pure art review procedures. As the name implies, the examination procedure for pure art majors (such as piano, dance, painting, etc.). ) is suitable for students who are studying or about to graduate, while students majoring in art design and art-related education can only follow the "general domestic applicant procedure", which is also the most common type of examination procedure. There are two main ways: TestAS exam and APS audit interview.
l？ The exam is the Deshi exam.
It is used to examine whether students have the necessary cognitive ability to study in Germany. The examination is a written test, which consists of three parts: language test, core test and professional thinking ability test. The exam can be conducted in German or English. Held twice a year in the world, China has three test sites: Beijing, Shanghai and Qingdao.
Test AS is only applicable to domestic undergraduate students who are not six semesters (four-year system) or eight semesters (five-year system).
Testeas can be applied to people:
a.？ Domestic 2 1 1 universities: students who have finished 1 semester and have not finished the sixth semester;
b.？ Domestic non-2 1 1 universities: students who have completed three semesters and have not finished the sixth semester.
l？ APS audit interview:
Those who are not qualified to take the exam will usually be interviewed by APS audit department. It should be noted that applicants who are unable to take the German practical test can transfer to the general domestic applicant interview process, but applicants who are in the general domestic interview process are not allowed to transfer to the German practical test.
Mainly check whether the applicant really has professional knowledge and has really studied the courses indicated on the report card. From this perspective, the audit interview is neither a professional assessment nor a language test. The interview involves the applicant's major and specific courses. Applicants don't have to recall all the knowledge they have learned, but they still need to prove that they have studied the courses on the report card, can describe the contents of the professional courses they have studied in detail, and can use or display the contents they have learned.
Who can apply for ?APS audit interview:
a.？ Undergraduate students who have completed the sixth semester in Chinese mainland universities;
b.？ Undergraduates who have graduated from mainland universities in China;
c.？ Three-year college graduates from Chinese mainland University;
d.？ Graduates who have obtained adult education, self-study exams and bachelor's degrees in military academies.
Tips: Applicants need to select the corresponding audit department to submit materials and collect fingerprints according to the jurisdiction. Applicants in the jurisdictions of Shenyang, Guangzhou and Chengdu must go to the consulates in their jurisdictions to collect fingerprints, and the specific time for taking fingerprints will be notified to the applicants on the day of delivery. Applicants within the jurisdiction of Shenyang, Guangzhou and Chengdu can also make an appointment for the delivery date directly at their respective consulates and collect fingerprints on the spot.
In addition to the domestic APS audit, German universities attach great importance to students' design ideas and design ability, so the admission requirements are very high and the application is very difficult. Many people will be brushed in the portfolio stage, not only through the materials and portfolio review, but also through the subsequent ability test or interview. Share some good works for your reference.
Sculpture major:
Painting major:
Oil painting specialty