Ask and answer. A 1 the horizontal datum line for measuring the pupil height of a single eye, which corresponds to the lower edge of the lens or the lower edge of the lens?

Definition of pupil height: the distance from the wearer's pupil reflection point to the lowest point of the inner edge of the lens ring. If full-frame glasses need to consider the sharp edge of the lens, it is necessary to increase the vertical distance between the wearer's pupil reflection point and the lowest point of the inner edge of the lens by 0.5 mm.

Ask and answer. A 2 Right eye -3.00 corrected vision 1.0, left eye -0.50/-2.00? The corrected visual acuity of 180 was 0.5. Is it necessary to add astigmatism to this left eye? 1 First of all, it is necessary to determine whether there is an eye disease affecting vision in the left eye, and judge whether poor vision is an eye disease or amblyopia caused by high astigmatism. 2. If you are young and still in the growth and development period, your left eye must be corrected for astigmatism to make the image on the retina clearer and better for its growth and development. At the same time, if it is determined that amblyopia leads to poor vision, amblyopia training is needed. 3. If it is an adult, in principle, try to give it if it is acceptable. If astigmatism has no obvious discomfort, or the discomfort is acceptable, it is still recommended to wear astigmatism. If there is obvious discomfort, the degree of astigmatism can be appropriately reduced. Make it as clear as possible when it is acceptable. 4. For the elderly, comfort is more important, and the right eye can be corrected.

Ask and answer. A 3 question 1, teacher, hyperopia needs mydriasis optometry for the first time, and will come back for re-examination the next day. 1. If you optometry hyperopia after mydriasis, you don't need fog. Can the data of computer optometry sheet be directly input into the comprehensive optometry instrument? 2. The best vision measured after mydriasis, the highest orthographic projection degree is full hyperopia, the best vision measured without mydriasis, and the highest orthographic projection degree is dominant hyperopia. Want to know how the hyperopia degree of mydriatic optometry and non-mydriatic optometry is finally given to patients? 3. Recheck the hyperopia degree the next day after mydriasis. Do you need to atomize the patient? Is the degree of hyperopia in re-examination the highest positive power (that is, dominant hyperopia) with the best vision? I don't know much about the fitting and prescription of hyperopia, thank you, teacher! Question 2: Why does astigmatism increase with the deepening of myopia? Question 1: 1. After mydriasis, the ciliary muscle is paralyzed and the lens is completely relaxed, so there is no need for fogging. 2. Whether mydriasis optometry depends on the patient's age and adjustment ability. Generally speaking, atropine mydriasis examination is recommended for hyperopia and strabismus under 12 years old. For this kind of people, the prescription is generally full correction prescription, that is, full hyperopia reduction 1D direct glasses. If you are older, people with myopia can consider doing a quick mydriasis test or not. For this kind of people, the prescription chooses dominant hyperopia. 3, if it is fast, the second day after mydriasis, re-examination, adjustment and recovery, need fog. If it is slow-dispersing, adjust and recover after 2-3 weeks. At this time, small pupil optometry can be performed. However, after the adjustment is resumed, customers may not be able to accept the full correction prescription. Therefore, customers who need mydriasis in hyperopia generally wear glasses after mydriasis optometry and choose the full correction prescription. After the pupil recovers, we generally know something about wearing glasses, such as vision, eye position and adjustment after wearing glasses. Question 2: First of all, the degree of astigmatism increases rapidly in a short time, so it is necessary to check whether you have eye diseases such as keratoconus. Secondly, under the condition of excluding eye diseases, the degree of astigmatism may change, which is mainly related to eyelid pressure, whether you are used to squinting at things, whether you often read askew at close range, etc.

Ask and answer. Hello, teacher A 4, I want to ask the old people of the same age, who have never had cataracts and have never adapted with glasses, but the old people who have undergone cataract surgery have strong adaptability to glasses, right? Is it because people's adaptability is related to the lens? I have never heard of such theoretical and clinical data. With the increase of age, the accommodation ability of lens decreases. People of the same age will also have people with different adjustment abilities, but for the elderly, the adjustment ability is already very poor, and the factors affecting the adjustment ability will not be great. In terms of optometry, for normal elderly people, optometry can be performed according to the standard optometry process of presbyopia. For the elderly after cataract surgery, it is necessary to know the type of intraocular lens, whether it is monofocal or multifocal. If it is a single focus, it can be considered that the adjustment range is zero. You also need to communicate with the elderly with eye distance, and then fill the light accurately. If it is multifocal, know his near and far vision, then optometry, combined with the actual degree.

Ask and answer. A 5 customer is nearsighted, and the given degree is R-350-50×10L-300-75×180, monocular vision 1.0, and binocular vision 1.2. After the binocular is reduced by 50 degrees, the monocular vision of R-300-50×10l-250-75×180 is 1.2 and the binocular vision is 1.0. Excuse me, what is this? How to determine the prescription? Recommend re-optometry. If the subjective optometry is accurate, the above situation will not occur. Standard monocular optometry process: fog vision, astigmatism table examination, first red and green test, cross cylinder mirror, second red and green, best vision, maximum orthomorphism; After monocular optometry, you can check the balance of your eyes.

Ask and answer. A 6 customer, female, 13 years old, r:-1.25 * 0.75 *170; l:- 1.25 *-0.75 * 175； Far outward inclination:10; Near exotropia: 16, the right eye is slightly inhibited, and diplopia will occur in both eyes. According to the examination results provided by you, the problem of inhibition and diplopia in this patient is caused by excessive exotropia, and the fusion ability of both eyes may be too low to compensate for the eye position. Because of the long-term use of both eyes, diplopia may even occur occasionally. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on training access suppression, stabilizing the image fusion function and increasing the image fusion range. To suppress training, you can choose GTVT card, long-distance and short-distance red and green reading units. B-O stereoscope and one-sided hand-painted stereoscope can be used to further stabilize the fused image. Convergent sphere, red-green/polarized stereogram, slit ruler, eccentric circular card, etc. The range of image fusion can be increased.

Ask and answer. A 7 regulation lag and tilt? Does modulation lag usually have exotropia? Accommodation lag means that when accommodation is used, less accommodation is used, which will lead to less accommodation sets, and the eye position may be exotropia. However, it is not absolute. If the customer's own eye position is excessive (the eye position is inward), when the adjustment is less, the adjustment sleeve is just less, and the eye position may be upright or esotropia. So it is still subject to the test results.

Ask and answer. Hello, teacher A 8! How long can children do visual function training after discharge? Every time a child wears full corrective glasses to train backhand, one eye or the front lens can't be blurred. The negative lens is very clear. The day after mydriasis, training began. After more than ten days of training, the backhand is still blurred and the reading lens is still blurred. But the negative lens of monocular backhand and reading lens has always been clear. Although it is blurred after mydriasis, why is it still blurred to look at the front lens after more than ten days of mydriasis? It is very contradictory for the same child to wear full corrective glasses to check that the negative lenses of both eyes can't pass when the camera is inverted, and the BO of both eyes can't pass when the prism is inverted. Does the prism backhand need to cover the other eye? Watch your video and check that the prism backhand is not covered by one eye. Thank you teacher! Question 1: Adjustment can generally be resumed within 6-8 hours after rapid dispersion, so it is ok to train and adjust the next day. One-eyed flip-flops are difficult to pass because of poor adjustment and relaxation ability, and BOP walk away can be added in subsequent training. Question 2: The difficulty of binocular handstand passing through the negative mirror may be caused by poor tension adjustment ability or poor negative image fusion ability. It is difficult to get BO through prism inversion, which shows that the patient's positive image fusion ability is low. Judging the results of monocular inversion test and positive-negative fusion test comprehensively, it is suggested that the patient's ability to adjust stimulation is poor. If the monocular flip test also has the problem that the negative mirror is difficult to pass, it shows that the patient's ability to adjust the stimulus is poor. If the monocular negative image lens passes normally, binocular difficulty may be due to the low negative fusion image. The same patient may have low positive and negative fusion images. Question 3: Prism flip test is to check the convergence and divergence sensitivity of patients. Only when both eyes are used at the same time can the convergence and divergence ability of prism be overcome. If you cover a prism at one eye, add a prism before one eye. Due to the optical characteristics of the prism, only the visual target moves to one side, and the purpose of measuring convergence and divergence cannot be achieved.