Unbalanced quotation method is also called front loading method. Unbalanced quotation refers to the bidding quotation of construction projects. After the total price is basically determined, how to adjust the quotation of internal projects can we get better economic benefits without raising the total price and affecting the winning bid. The unbalanced quotation method can generally be considered from the following aspects.

(1) Projects that can be settled as soon as possible (such as start-up expenses, earthwork, foundation works, etc.). ) can be higher, convenient capital turnover, later projects (such as mechanical and electrical equipment installation engineering and decoration engineering, etc. ) can be reduced appropriately.

(2) After engineering quantity accounting, it is expected that the unit price of projects with increased engineering quantity in the future will be increased appropriately, so as to make more money at the final settlement, while the unit price of projects with possible reduced engineering quantity will be reduced, with little loss at the project settlement.

But the above two points (1) and (2) should be considered as a whole. For projects with incorrect quantities in the early stage, if the quantities in the bill of quantities cannot be completed, don't blindly raise the quotation, and then make a concrete analysis.

(3) If the design drawings are unclear, it is expected that the revised quantities will increase, and the unit price can be increased; if the project contents are unclear, the unit price can be reduced.

However, unbalanced quotation must be based on careful checking and analysis of the quantities in the bill of quantities, especially for projects with lower unit price. If the engineering quantity increases during the implementation process, it will cause great losses to the contractor, and it must be controlled within a reasonable range (generally around 10%) to avoid the owner's opposition and even lead to the rejection of the bid. If you don't pay attention to this point, sometimes the owner will pick out the overpriced projects and ask the bidders to carry out unit price analysis, and lower the price around the overpriced content in the unit price analysis, so that the contractor will lose more than the gain.

Step 4 make suggestions

Sometimes it is stipulated in the tender documents that alternative schemes can be put forward, that is, the original design scheme can be modified and the bidder's scheme can be put forward. At this time, the bidder should organize a group of experienced design and construction engineers to carefully study the design and construction scheme of the original bidding documents, and put forward a more reasonable scheme to attract the owners and urge their own scheme to win the bid. This new proposal can reduce the total cost or finish the project ahead of schedule or make the project more reasonable. However, it should be noted that the original bidding scheme must be marked for the owner's comparison. When adding the proposed scheme, don't be too specific, and keep the technical key of the scheme to prevent the owner from handing it over to other contractors. At the same time, it should be emphasized that the proposed scheme must be mature or have practical experience in this field in the past. Because the bidding time is not long, if we rashly put forward some uncertain suggestions just for winning the bid, it may cause many future troubles.

5 sudden price reduction method

Quotation is a highly confidential work, but opponents often spy on the situation through various channels and means, so they can take the method of confusing each other when quoting. That is, choose to quote according to the general situation or show that you are not interested in this type of project, and then suddenly reduce the price when the deadline for bidding approaches. For example, the diversion system project of Lubuge Hydropower Station suddenly dropped by 8.4% and got the lowest price, which laid the foundation for winning the bid in the future. When adopting this method, the extent of price reduction must be considered in the process of compiling the tender offer, and the final decision must be made according to intelligence information and analysis before the tender deadline. If the bid is won by sudden price reduction, and the total price is only reduced at the time of bid opening, the idea of unbalanced quotation can be adopted to adjust the unit price or price in the bill of quantities after signing the contract in order to obtain higher benefits.

6 loss before profit method

Some contractors, in order to enter a certain area, rely on the country, a consortium and their own strong capital strength, and adopt a low-price quotation scheme that only wins the bid regardless of the cost. The contractor applying this method must have good credit conditions, the proposed construction scheme is advanced and feasible, and at the same time, the company's publicity should be strengthened, otherwise even if the price is low, the owner may not choose it. If other contractors encounter this situation, they may not fight hard with such contractors, but strive for the second and third bid, and then rely on their own experience and reputation to win the bid.

7 joint bid protection methods

In the case of many competitors, several powerful contractors can jointly control the bidding price, one of them will win the bid, and then transfer some projects to other contractors for subcontracting, or take turns to guarantee the other party's bidding. This practice is very common in the world, but if it is discovered by the owner, it may be disqualified from bidding.