I. Overview of Highway Test and Detection
Highway test detection is an important part of highway engineering construction technology management, and it is also an indispensable main link in highway engineering construction quality control and completion acceptance evaluation. Through the experiment, we can make full use of local raw materials, quickly popularize and apply new materials, new technologies and new processes, scientifically evaluate the quality of various materials and components with quantitative methods, and reasonably control and scientifically evaluate the engineering quality. Therefore, the engineering test will play an extremely important role in improving the engineering quality, speeding up the project progress, reducing the engineering cost and promoting the technical progress of highway engineering construction. Highway engineering test and detection technology is a developing new discipline, which integrates the basic principles of test and detection, test operation skills and basic knowledge of highway engineering related disciplines, and is the main basis for engineering design parameters, construction quality control, construction acceptance evaluation, maintenance management decision-making and revision of various technical specifications and procedures. As a part of highway engineering test, the field test and detection technology of subgrade and pavement has been widely used in highway reconstruction and expansion projects, and its test results play an important role in reasonably determining the reconstruction and expansion plan and reducing the construction cost of the reconstruction and expansion project.
Second, the necessity and importance of strengthening the highway engineering test.
Highway engineering test is also an important part of engineering quality management, and it is also the main link of highway engineering quality control evaluation and acceptance. The quality of a product or project must be achieved through testing. Its necessity and importance are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. is beneficial to reduce the project cost.
Through the experiment, we can make full use of locally produced materials, which is convenient for local materials. Such as gravel, fillers, etc. In the construction site, this effective means can be used to test whether the above materials meet the requirements of construction technology. It is convenient to use local materials and reduce the project cost.
2. It is beneficial to the progress of construction technology.
Through the test, it is conducive to the popularization and application of new technologies, new processes and new materials, timely and effectively test the feasibility, applicability, effectiveness and advancement of a new material, new process and new technology, and accumulate experience and lessons for engineering construction. This will play a positive role in promoting the progress of construction technology and improving the progress and quality of the project.
3. It is beneficial to improve the engineering quality.
Through the necessary inspection, the quality of various raw materials, finished products and semi-finished products can be scientifically evaluated. With this set of effective and scientific testing methods, any material can pass the relevant tests of its specified performance, so as to evaluate whether its products are qualified. This is very important for rational application of materials and improvement of engineering quality.
4. This will help to speed up the project progress.
Through inspection, the quality of construction projects can be reasonably controlled and scientifically evaluated, including quality control during construction and evaluation and acceptance after completion. Test detection is undoubtedly a scientific and effective method and means.
To sum up, the test will play a very important role in improving project quality, speeding up project progress, reducing costs and promoting construction technology progress. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the test and detection work, and we must attach great importance to it.
Three. Problems existing in highway test and detection work
1. Insufficient understanding of importance
Insufficient understanding of the importance of experimental testing, some experimental testing practitioners are not serious and responsible, do not pay attention to accuracy, but are careless and perfunctory.
2. The personnel quality is low.
The quality of inspection and testing practitioners needs to be improved urgently. The quality of highway engineering test and detection practitioners around our city is low, and the overall detection skill level needs to be improved.
3. The testing equipment is out of date.
The testing equipment is aging, and the introduction of advanced testing instruments and equipment is lacking. The introduction of advanced equipment is an important guarantee to further improve the testing quality.
Four, strengthen the test work, improve the quality of the project management measures
1. Improve the quality and technical level of testing personnel.
Due to the uneven technical and management levels of owners, supervisors and construction units in the highway construction market, especially the shortage of test and testing professionals at present, the professional quality is low, and even the application of what they have learned is lacking. In view of the present situation, it is necessary to enrich the experimental team and improve its overall quality and professional level. Specific measures can be to introduce professional and technical personnel, or to send personnel to relevant institutions for systematic and professional training. In this regard, the transportation authorities have paid attention to it and started to implement it. It is a good start for the Ministry of Communications and provincial highway quality supervision stations to organize systematic training and assessment of highway system test technicians in stages and implement the system of holding certificates.
2. Improve the legal system, quality inspection institutions and project quality management system.
Perfect legal system, quality inspection institutions and engineering quality management system are important guarantees to improve the quality of highway engineering. In terms of laws and regulations, China has promulgated the highway law and related industry standards, and various provinces have successively issued some management systems, methods and interim provisions, which will play a positive role in promoting the healthy development of highway construction. However, with the development of social economy and the rapid development of highway construction, the existing laws and regulations should be further improved to make highway construction units have rules to follow and laws to follow. In addition, although the experimental inspection institutions have begun to take shape, they still need to be further improved, strengthened and strictly managed, and a set of practical management methods should be formulated to gradually standardize and specialize the quality inspection institutions. For example, the test and testing institutions that can provide arbitration data must have the qualifications of the Metrology and Technical Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Communications and the highway engineering test and testing institutions. General construction enterprises, as self-inspection institutions, should also have certain qualifications. This requires the transportation authorities to strictly control these quality inspection institutions, adhere to strict examination, strict examination and approval, regular inspection and regular assessment, and resolutely demand rectification or ban unqualified test and testing institutions to ensure the standardization, professionalism and seriousness of the work of test and testing institutions.
3. Improve the highway engineering quality assurance system.
Further establish and improve the highway engineering quality assurance system, enhance the awareness of engineering quality, and implement a three-level quality assurance system of "government supervision, social supervision and internal inspection of enterprises". Quality management departments at all levels should take effective measures to continuously improve the quality management level according to the principle of "quality first" and the requirements of total quality management. In practical work, we should strictly implement quality self-inspection, strengthen quality management and supervision, and gradually establish and improve a three-level quality assurance system. Secondly, it is necessary to enhance the quality awareness of construction inspection, divide the responsibilities among people, and truly implement the quality post responsibility system.
4. By means of testing, strictly control the following three key links:
(1) Quality control of road materials
Raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products (such as fillers, sand, stones, cement, steel bars and prefabricated components, etc.). ) should be in accordance with the relevant test and inspection procedures and technical regulations for inspection. It can only be used after inspection, and unqualified materials are strictly prohibited. In addition, in addition to routine tests, some necessary unconventional tests are sometimes carried out on various raw materials to determine whether the materials really meet the construction technical requirements. Before construction, the construction unit shall provide the supervision unit with the test report, factory certificate or quality certificate, certificate and other information of the materials used. Furthermore, the newly adopted new materials, new processes and new technologies should be tested in strict accordance with the technical requirements, and the construction can only be promoted after the test is feasible.
(2) Determination of construction control parameters
Construction control parameters usually refer to some key data that can guide construction and control construction quality. For example, the optimum water content and maximum dry density of subgrade filler are the key parameters to guide construction and control compaction quality. Whether these parameters are accurate. Will directly affect the quality of subgrade engineering. Therefore, when determining parameters by means of test detection, we should take it seriously, strictly follow the test detection rules, and strive to eliminate test errors, improve test accuracy and ensure the accuracy and reliability of test data.
(3) Quality control of site construction process
In the process of construction, project quality control includes self-inspection by the construction unit, random inspection by the supervisor and government supervision. First of all, for the construction party, it is necessary to establish a relatively perfect test and detection system, establish a factory laboratory, equip relevant test and detection personnel, assign special personnel to be responsible for quality inspection full-time, and adhere to the "self-inspection" system. For supervisors, it is necessary to truly implement the three-level supervision of "before", "during" and "after", especially the "before" supervision, so as to nip in the bud and solve problems in time. In the process of treatment, we should make full use of supervision and related test equipment, take test detection as an effective means, and strictly control the quality so as to control the construction quality. For regulators, it is necessary to really play the role of government supervision, conduct spot checks and timely acceptance evaluation. Find problems and solve them in time. Grasp the typical example, set an example, and safeguard the seriousness, authority and impartiality of the government's supervision over highway engineering quality.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Test detection technology is the key to project quality management, an important management means for highway construction enterprises to save project cost and improve social reputation, and also an important guarantee for the country to build high-quality and high-standard highway projects. Doing a good job of inspection is not only related to the authenticity of engineering quality, but also provides an important basis for engineering quality evaluation and completion acceptance, and also provides important reference materials for engineering management and maintenance. Therefore, construction enterprises must attach importance to the application and development of test detection in highway engineering.
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