I. Understanding of the position and role of statistical analysis in enterprise statistics
Enterprise statistics are subordinate to government statistics, which makes many construction enterprises think that enterprise statistics work is only to meet the requirements of the above departments, ignoring the necessity of statistics serving enterprises themselves. Objectively speaking, the development of construction enterprises requires that statistical work should serve enterprises in all directions, at multiple levels and from multiple angles, so that the statistical work of enterprises can be transformed from simple "statistical reports" to "management", and making good use of basic data for enterprise statistical analysis is an effective way to realize this transformation. Statistical analysis is not only a link and the final result of statistical work, but the "situation" behind statistical data is revealed through statistical analysis function, which plays the role of statistical function and focuses on statistical analysis. When statistical analysis provides high-quality services for the management and decision-making of enterprise management, the statistical status of enterprises can be improved and enterprise statistics can really have vitality.
Two, do a good job of statistical analysis for enterprise management and decision-making services should have the conditions.
1, the normative construction of statistical basis is the basis of statistical analysis.
You cannot make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. Statistical analysis is based on statistical data, and the authenticity and reliability of statistical data are based on the normative construction of enterprise statistical basis. The statistical data of construction enterprises mainly involve two aspects: first, the data in the statistical statements of the national statistical department and the competent statistical department; The second is the basic data of all aspects of enterprise production and operation. To do a good job in these two aspects of data statistics, it is necessary to institutionalize and standardize the collection, review, submission, storage and transfer of original statistical records, statistical accounts and statistical data, and establish a data quality review and evaluation system on this basis to ensure the quality of data sources for statistical work of construction enterprises, thus further laying a good foundation for high-quality statistical analysis.
2. High-quality statisticians are the premise of statistical analysis.
When the primary object of enterprise statistical service is the enterprise itself, statistical work should play the role of staff in the management and decision-making of construction enterprises. In order to adapt to this change, enterprise statisticians are not simply staff who summarize or extract data. As a comprehensive statistician of construction enterprises, one should not only master statistical theory and analysis methods, but also be familiar with the business processes and professional knowledge of construction enterprises, such as cost accounting, project budget, project settlement and construction. Only in this way, in the face of a large number of complex statistical and economic indicators, statisticians can organically combine professional knowledge with work practice, use basic data to carry out analysis work, give full play to the functions of pre-prediction, in-process monitoring and post-reflection of statistics, serve the decision-making and management of enterprises, and truly integrate enterprise statistics into the production and operation management of construction enterprises.
3. Collecting and accumulating relevant information is an important part of statistical analysis.
The quality of statistical analysis also depends on the amount of information and the processing ability of statisticians, so statisticians should pay attention to collecting and accumulating all kinds of information in peacetime. First of all, in the process of statistical analysis, we should collect all kinds of economic information related to the production and operation of our unit, such as the national macro-control policies, the changes and development of the construction market, our company's share and position in the industry, and the information of representative enterprises in the same industry. Secondly, the basic data obtained by enterprises from statistics, accounting and various professional channels are processed and analyzed to draw the essence from them. The purpose of collecting and accumulating information is to use this information to synthesize and process, analyze the impact of their changes on enterprises, and lay a good foundation for statistical analysis.
Three, statistical analysis to participate in enterprise management and decision-making content
The statistical analysis of construction enterprises aims at improving the production and management level of enterprises and improving their economic benefits. The index system based on relevant statistical reports and other information is an effective analysis of the whole economic activities of enterprises. Mainly involves the following aspects:
1. Participate in the formulation of annual plans of construction enterprises.
The formulation of annual target is the foundation and basis for the development of construction enterprises. Before the new year, the data and analysis provided by the statistical department is an important reference for the enterprise management department to formulate the annual overall goal. As a statistical department, it collects statistical data, historical data and statistical account books of various professional departments (such as contract, construction, technology, machinery and equipment, safety, quality, labor and capital, etc.). ), timely and accurately provide various figures for the plan, and make statistical analysis on this basis, so as to formulate scientific, reasonable and feasible business objectives and management objectives for enterprise management and decision-making.
2. Serve the bidding of construction enterprises.
At present, the construction market implements the bidding system for engineering construction. When quoting, the construction enterprise should not only rely on the current national industry and local quota and the experience of the quotation personnel, but should be based on the enterprise quota reflecting its own construction ability and management level. At present, most enterprises don't have enterprise quotas that meet their actual construction capacity, which puts forward higher requirements for statisticians. Statisticians must establish engineering quantity files for all kinds of projects that have been constructed by item, contract quantity and actual construction quantity, and establish databases of material procurement, machinery and equipment and their efficiency, personnel composition, construction production capacity, fund raising and utilization in different regions and periods, and make statistical analysis on this basis to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of enterprises in business production; At the same time, the vertical and horizontal comparative analysis is carried out, which fully reflects the actual construction strength of the enterprise and serves to improve the winning rate.
3, guide and control the specific content of production and operation.
Statistical analysis of all links and levels of production and operation is an important means for construction enterprises. It includes: (1) construction production analysis. Construction production activity is the most basic economic activity of construction enterprises, and its analysis should be carried out from three aspects: output, quality and construction period, such as the completion of output value, output and quality, the completion and commissioning of engineering projects, the fluctuation of completion rate, the performance of engineering contracts, the progress of key projects and the balance of construction. (2) Analysis of production factors. The production factors of construction enterprises include labor, materials and machinery. Through the analysis of labor productivity, the use of labor wages and funds, the supply of materials and technology and the use of machinery and equipment, the purpose of coordinating the proportional relationship among various elements and making full and rational use of various resources is achieved. (3) Engineering cost analysis. Engineering cost analysis is the reflection of enterprise's production and operation achievements. When analyzing the project cost, we should analyze the difference between price and quantity in cost items based on the budgeted cost and actual cost, and combine monthly cost analysis, unit project completion cost analysis with technical and economic analysis. Author: Dong Unit: Shanghai Pudong Highway Maintenance and Construction Co., Ltd.