The first is the study of the basic knowledge of psychological counseling skills, such as general psychology, developmental psychology, social psychology and so on.
The second is the study of practical skills, including the study and practice of consulting ethics, basic techniques and psychological evaluation. Only with theoretical knowledge and practical skills, psychological counseling will not become an ordinary heart-to-heart talk, but a process in which psychological counselors use the theories and methods of psychological counseling and treatment to help visitors recover or improve their mental health and promote their personal growth.
Thirdly, psychological counselors need to learn a variety of psychological counseling theories and methods, such as crisis intervention techniques and cognitive behavioral therapy.
As a qualified psychological counselor, we should treat all kinds of knowledge with an open mind. At present, the comprehensive treatment model based on biology, psychology and society is popular, which requires counselors to master these three kinds of knowledge. In addition to loving learning, he should also have helpful personality conditions, and make clear what is the purpose of his personal career in psychological counseling, so that his knowledge and technology will play an effective role. In the process of psychological counseling, visitors need to be treated sincerely. In communication, the psychological counselor also has sincere quality, which shows that he can open himself to you and the outside world. He awakens your life with the openness and mobility of life. In this way, problems and obstacles will be gradually solved, the direction will be clear, and the strength will rise.
Hello, as a consultant, I want to share my experience with you.
To be a psychological counselor, you probably need several conditions:
1, solid knowledge of psychological theory. Including: ① psychological basic theory, in which basic psychology, developmental psychology, personality psychology, physiological psychology, social psychology, psychological measurement and so on are particularly helpful for counseling.
2. Broad social vision and cultural vision. We should be familiar with China culture and understand the cultural and social characteristics of China. This is an important basis for effective psychological counseling. If we copy western consulting technology, it is often difficult to meet the characteristics and needs of China people.
3. Rich life experience and experience. Life experience is self-evident for good consultation.
4. Have the motivation of self-improvement and a relatively perfect personality. Consultants should constantly grow and improve themselves. Only happy people can bring happiness to others, and only with love in their hearts can they convey love and give strength to others.
Knowledge structure To do psychological counseling well, we must have the necessary theoretical knowledge. In order to help them realize the real reason that bothers them and correct or give up bad behavior, counselors must have all kinds of psychological knowledge. According to the national professional standards, psychological counselors must have basic theoretical knowledge such as general psychology, developmental psychology, social psychology, consulting psychology, mental health and psychological barriers, psychometrics and so on. At the same time, they also need to master relevant operational knowledge in formal psychological testing, psychological diagnosis and psychological counseling training.
Skill structure Skills are as important as knowledge. Secondly, it can be said that it can help the help-seekers analyze problems, guide the help-seekers out of the predicament and promote their personality growth. The help skills of psychological counselors mainly include the following aspects: the skills of establishing the relationship between consultation and interview. Any consultation activity can not be separated from the establishment of consultation relationship, and a good consultation relationship itself has therapeutic function. The trust, closeness and reliability of visitors to consultants are one of the important factors for the success of consulting. The establishment of the relationship between consultation and interview is not only related to consultants, but also related to interview skills. Conversation is the most important method of psychological counseling. Counselors should be able to understand the confused situation or event, the time when the problem appears and its development and change in the shortest time in equal conversation with the help-seekers, ask questions in a timely and alert manner, find the unconscious cover-up and resistance of the help-seekers, guide them to gradually understand the inner crux, design some corresponding methods to correct some bad behaviors, and explain some things to the help-seekers in time. Influence and intervention skills. In psychological counseling, counselors should try to maintain the principle of value neutrality, but this does not mean that counselors do not affect or interfere with the psychology and behavior of the clients. Everyone has values, and people with different values will find it difficult to get along with each other unless they listen with an open mind. Psychological counselors should not easily express their opinions, especially critical opinions, when talking with help seekers, and can only hold an attitude of not making judgments. Rogers once said: "When watching the sunset, we don't want to control the sunset. We don't order the sky to the right of the sun to be orange, and we don't order the clouds to be pink. We just watched with awe. " An uncritical attitude towards helpers is like watching a sunset. This attitude is an important factor to make the help-seekers feel relaxed, which can make the help-seekers have no worries, so as to fully show their inner world.
Personality structure does not mean that you can engage in psychological counseling after learning psychological theoretical knowledge and mastering basic psychological counseling skills. It is found that people engaged in psychological counseling and mental health education can only work for a long time if they have personality characteristics that match the psychological counseling profession. According to Holland's personality type theory, social people are best suited to be psychological counselors. Social people are full of sympathy, understanding, affinity, influence, enthusiasm, patience, sincerity and seriousness. They regard the pain of others as their own pain, regard silently helping the unfortunate people as incomparable happiness, like and are willing to associate with others, and attach great importance to the sense of value rather than the pursuit of utility in their communication. Therefore, it is hard to imagine that people who have no patience and love can do psychological counseling well. Everyone's personality development and character formation are related to past life experiences. The more psychological counselors know about their past, the more they can grow. The more you can grow, the more you can help visitors see their problems and help them grow. Psychological counselors need to truly experience their personality tendencies. The clearer they know about themselves, the more likely they are to help people with psychological problems.
In the process of consultation, the consultant is like a mirror, reflecting contradictions, blind spots, expectations, or needs, desires, or confusion, frustration, pain and so on. Then help them restore their inner balance and behavioral coordination. Only when visitors "see" their own problems can they really get out of the predicament, constantly overcome themselves and finally experience the feeling of heaven.
The basic training of psychological counselors —— the standard curriculum system and evaluation technical specifications formulated by the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a compulsory course to start systematic study of psychology and promote professional growth and career development.
1, learn to observe, improve your keen observation ability, capture all the information of visitors, and do a good job in self-observation; 2, learn to listen, not only to listen to the visitor's story, but also to listen to the implication, don't be confused by the story, look at her internal reaction mode; 3, learning the same thing, can understand the visitor's mood, understand the visitor's framework, attitude and situation, and understand her feelings in the shoes; 4. Learn to make sure that you are not influenced by the reaction of the visitors at the consultation site and do not participate in it. You should maintain a neutral attitude and stand, and at the same time tolerate and tolerate all empathetic reactions of visitors; 5. Learn to clarify. When the content stated by the visitors is of great significance to the consultation, it should be clarified in time to make the visitors aware of some unconscious behaviors in the previous model; 6. Learn to face the quality, present the key points of visitors' contradictions in time, and let visitors see their own contradictions and self-conflicts, thus paving the way for visitors' self-discovery and change; 7. Learn to reflect. After each consultation, we should reflect well, sum up what we have done well and what we need to improve, and constantly improve our on-the-spot ability.
To become a "qualified" counselor, the premise is that you already have a counselor's certificate, and you are willing to engage in this profession or have already practiced in this industry. Then, around the "qualified" to talk about their own views:
At present, there is no official "qualified" standard in the industry to measure it uniformly, but there are some voices and opinions in the industry:
1. Have self-experience, that is, have a senior consultant to consult you.
2. Accept the regular supervision of senior consultants.
3. Abide by the rules of professional ethics.
4. Long-term self-study improvement (covering 1 and 2 points)
Finally, some practical experience: one's own emotional stability and control ability, personality characteristics, interpersonal quality and so on all affect the consulting work. A saying in the industry is to the effect that how deep you know about your inner world determines how far you guide visitors' hearts. Therefore, being a qualified consultant has a long way to go. With the certificate, it is a zero start on this road. It takes 5 to 10 years of clinical accumulation to get on the road of qualification.
Consider the problem from the visitor's point of view, help the visitor analyze the problem, listen to his or her talk and respond in time, and work out practical solutions with the visitor for the problems that need to be solved.
How to be a qualified psychological counselor?
Passing is basically equal to passing, and students' passing score is the minimum requirement, which can be achieved by almost every student.
At present, there are 1.3 million psychological counselors registered by the competent authorities in China, but only about 5% of them actually engage in this profession and make a living by consulting. The vast majority of psychological counselors have left this industry. In other words, there are very few qualified counselors, let alone excellent counselors.
To be a qualified psychological counselor, you should have the following points. First, you should have efficient and quick consulting skills to solve the psychological problems of visitors and all kinds of problems derived from psychological problems in the shortest possible time, such as adjusting emotions, eliminating physical symptoms, restoring social functions, optimizing personality and so on. Second, be patient and meticulous, don't disturb the service, track the situation of visitors in time and give reasonable explanations. Third, in terms of personality, honesty makes visitors feel practical and willing to pour out their inner thoughts.
It is difficult to be a qualified psychological counselor, and it is even more difficult to be an excellent psychological counselor.
To put it simply: psychological counselors should have better mental health than ordinary people, respect and love this industry, and have correct role orientation and ethical norms in their own consultation. And have the feelings of being helpful and helping others. Secondly, we should have a solid theoretical foundation and flexible and rich technical skills. Modest and studious.
Popularize psychological knowledge and cultivate professional consultation level. Why bother? Seek truth from facts, put yourself in the people's shoes to solve problems, be conscientious and help customers solve life problems accurately, eliminate their confusion and get out of the predicament.
Let's ask the master to talk about Mahayana Sutra.