First of all, you can take a look at Psychological Counseling, which is a textbook for non-psychology majors in universities. It's about relatively basic knowledge, but it's very good and useful. It talks about some schools of psychology, such as dreams, hypnosis, personality, stress, memory, forgetting and so on. This is an introduction.

There are also must-see:

1. Introduction to Psychology

Psychology and life, psychology-comprehensive method

Personality Psychology (Light Industry Press)

Simplified version of Japanese pictures of graphic psychology

Reading this kind of books can help you learn the contents, methods and various psychological theories of psychology, and it is a must-read for introductory psychology.

2. Social Psychology "Social Psychology" (Light Industry Press)

Introduce various human psychological phenomena. In daily life, you may have realized that people have some fixed behavior patterns, and social psychology can be described in more precise language. Social psychology plays the role of data collector in the whole psychological system.

3. Evolutionary Psychology "Evolutionary Psychology-A New Science of Psychology" and "Introduction to Evolutionary Psychology"

Evolutionary psychology explains the origin of human psychological phenomena and is the only core theory that can penetrate all psychological theories at present. At the current development speed, evolutionary psychology is fully capable of unifying the whole psychological theory system in the near future.

This subject is not very famous because most people and even many scholars can't accept the analogy between human behavior and animal behavior. In this respect, people in 2 1 century did not show obvious progress compared with people in Darwin's time.

4. Psychological methodology is different from popular psychology. 40 Change psychological research and sociological research methods.

"Alien Psychology" is about the research methods of scientific psychology, which is very harmonious.

Forty studies are about some important discoveries in the history of psychology. Although the book "Research Methods of Social Science" only read the first chapter, we can feel that the author's understanding of research methods of social science is in place. The core content of the book should be about the application of statistical research methods in social science research. From the perspective of philosophy of science, any method for human beings to acquire knowledge is based on statistics, including daily life and scientific research. This book is highly recommended.

5. Neuroscience-Exploring the Brain

Talking about the biological principle of human nervous system, or the material basis of human psychology, I personally think it is very necessary to understand psychology.

Step 6 consult

The feeling of going to heaven

I believe this book is the reason why many people want to be psychological counselors.

Psychological knowledge

You can look at this book, which summarizes the required books recommended by psychological supervisors, senior psychologists and psychology professors, as well as the required books recommended by psychologists who have grown up all the way according to their own growth experiences.

So this book is both authoritative and practical. Once you have this encyclopedia, you can ask for nothing more about psychological information! Revised edition of general psychology. Peng Yuling's Social Psychology-Taylor's Growth Psychology (Schultz), Developmental Psychology, Lin Chongde's Personality Psychology, Huang Xiting's Humanistic Psychology, Che Wenbo's Developmental Psychology and You, Abnormal Psychology (Robert Meyer), Social Psychology, 8th Edition Myers (2006) and Contemporary Psychology. Eto 'o 2003 Infant Psychology, Child-Child Psychological Development 9th Edition [plus] Lefrancois (2004) Counseling Psychology, The Biography of Honey: A Psychoanalyst's Self-exploration, How to Become a Psychotherapist-The Long Road to Growth, Three Psychology: Freud Skinner and Rogers'. Herreger et al. Psychoanalysis of Daily Life Freud's Child Development (Volume I), Child Development (Volume II), Emotional Psychology (W original edition), Human Potential and Value (America), The Foundation and Application of Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Understanding Therapy and Psychological Counseling Manual for Successful Marriage, 5th Edition. , Positive Family Therapy, positive psychotherapy, Introduction to Psychoanalysis, Introduction to Psychoanalysis 150. Family relationship and family therapy Zeng Wenxing's short-distance play psychotherapy, dynamic orientation psychotherapy, crisis intervention strategy, understanding and practice of narrative therapy, 24-fold personality (USA) Cameron West's Encyclopedia of School Psychological Counseling Methods, Encyclopedia of School Psychological Counseling Theory, Handbook of Practical Nutritionists, and Object Relationship Psychotherapy _ Theory, Practice and Cases (USA) Stan's Family System Arrangement-Arousing Deep Affection, Family Arrangement: Unbearable Happiness (Germany) Bertold Ulsamer's Wisdom of Happy Marriage, Psychotic Personality of Our Times (America) Karen Horney's Mental Health Measurement (Song Zhuanmao et al.), Psychomedicine, Handbook of Mental Health Rating Scale, Psychological Series-Group Counseling. Psychological Counseling and Therapy Series-Reason is Better than Emotion, Psychological Counseling Manual, Counseling Strategies of Psychological Counseling [America] Cormier's Case Analysis of Psychological Counseling Skills, Psychological Counseling Case Database, Psychological Control: Changing Self-image, Change Your Life, Psychological Voiceover (Deciphering Picture Psychology), Sexual and Emotional Relationship: A Comprehensive Guide to Family Life, Counseling Manual for Love and Marriage, Overcoming Anxiety (Switzerland) Verena Caster's Case of Growth Psychology, Who am I: Psychological Counseling and Image Dialogue Skills, Advantages of Introverts-How to Be Successful in the Outward World Marty -Psychoanalysis of Film Texts, Shayou Therapy, Classmates, Let's talk about Psychological Obstacles (America) Kay Mary porterfield's Life Strategy Workbook, Facing Inner Fear-Personality Psychoanalysis, Art Therapy Manual, Freudian Works 4-Introduction to Psychoanalysis, Classic Cases of Western Psychological Counseling, Who's in My Home: Finishing Herlinger's Family Series, Out of the Shadow of Marital Violence, etc. Maslow: Scanned version of body language: Understanding the inner world from other people's body posture and pursuing the meaning of life (Austria) frankl, Nietzsche cried, lying in the doctor's chair, the road that few people took, getting closer and closer, making children sound personality, why care about other people's opinions? Feynman's The Awakening of Love (Krishnamurti), Desmond morris's Observation of Men and Women's Bodies, Telling the Truth: Children's Mental Health and Adjustment, The Code of True Love, also known as When Monks Meet True Love, Complete Psychological Games (Text Edition) and Complete Psychological Games (flash Demo Edition).

Psychological common sense

Daily psychology

1. When you cry, don't make any decision. Talk as little as possible when you are in a bad mood.

Don't dwell on the same problem, don't put all your feelings on one person, you still have parents and other friends.

Don't be afraid to do something wrong, even if it is wrong, don't be sad. There are right and wrong in life, not to mention many things. In retrospect, right or wrong doesn't matter.

It's normal to have negative emotions, but you should know that this is only a small part of life. The rest of the time, try to calm down your emotions.

5. It is normal for that person not to contact you suddenly; It's normal for that person to contact you suddenly. It doesn't mean anything.

6. Speak out if you don't understand. Don't say it when you understand it. Just smile.

7. All troubles are caused by oneself and can only be solved by oneself. Don't cry to your friends, ask them to play ball.

8. You must do what you said, even if it is stupid, it is better than breaking your word.

No matter what happens, don't break the original rules of life and eat and sleep on time.

10. Don't be afraid to do one thing, don't be afraid to get hurt, don't be afraid to say something wrong, don't be afraid to recall the past, and don't be afraid to face the future.

1 1. Whether it is right or wrong, you need a criterion, and your behavior should follow this criterion and be constantly revised according to real life. It is impossible for people who are indecisive repeatedly to please. People who wander between right and wrong are not as positive as those who move from wrong to right.

12. When he said, "Shall we calm down for a while?" Say yes calmly and then hang up. Stop begging, he didn't come to ask your advice. 13. Don't take out everything from your heart, these are the wealth that belongs to you only.

14. Don't talk to a person about people in the same circle, no matter how reliable you think he is.

15. When you don't know what to say to him, don't say anything. Silence has infinite meaning.

16. Do not pursue any results. Everyone has the same result, and that is death.

17. Don't regret. Anyway, regret is more terrible than what you did wrong, because it will destroy your self-confidence and self-esteem, and it is likely to make you do more wrong.

If it is not enough, I still have some there.

Psychological common sense

According to the British "Guardian" report, can the instantaneous facial expression change really reveal whether a person is lying? Paul ekman, a famous American psychologist, thinks he has found the answer.

Forty years ago, when the research psychologist gave a speech to a group of trained young psychiatrists, someone asked him a question, and he has been busy looking for the answer to this question ever since. This group of people obviously want to know that if you work in such a mental hospital, one of the patients who came here tried to commit suicide.

When this patient says to you, "I feel much better now, can I go out at the weekend?" What should you do? Of course, you know that mental patients often ask similar questions, but if you allow them to leave the hospital temporarily, some people will take the opportunity to commit suicide.

However, this group of special patients often swear that they are telling the truth. They look honest, and his words don't sound like lying.

Faced with this situation, do you have any way to tell whether what they say is true or not? This question made Aikman think deeply. As part of the research, he recorded 12 minutes of conversations with many mental patients in the hospital.

In a later conversation, a patient told him that she had lied to him. Hearing this, Aikman patiently sat down and began to watch the previous video carefully.

For the first time, he didn't find anything unusual, so he slowed down the video. Over and over again, he gets nothing, so he will play it at a slower speed. Suddenly, just as two pictures passed before his eyes, he saw a very bright and intense expression of pain on the patient's face, which lasted less than a fifteenth of a second.

But since he found this strange expression, he found three other examples that can explain the patient's lying in the same conversation video. Aikman said: "This is the process of discovering micro-expressions. Micro-expressions are very strong hidden expressions that happen in an instant."

Tim Roth, the star of Don't Lie to me, showed an expression of disgust: his nose was slightly wrinkled and his upper lip was raised. Fear: the eyebrows are provoked and close to the middle, the upper eyelid is raised, and the lower eyelid is tightened; Spread your lips horizontally towards your ears.

Happiness: wrinkles are squeezed out of the corners of the eyes, cheeks are stretched upward, and muscles around the eyes are slightly shaken. Surprise: eyebrows raised, eyes wide open and lips unconsciously opened.

In the next 40 years, Aikman of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco successfully confirmed the proposition put forward by Charles Darwin: the expressions of anger, disgust, satisfaction, fear, surprise, happiness and sadness are innate and accurate across cultures, fields and the world. From the United States to Japan, from Brazil to Papua New Guinea, regardless of language and culture, the facial muscle changes caused by these seven basic emotions are roughly the same.

Moreover, the expression of emotions is subconscious, which is basically difficult to suppress or conceal. Of course, we can also have a try.

But when we lie, the micro-expressions caused by strong emotions will fly over our faces quickly, and we have no time to stop them. Fortunately for liars, 99% of them can't see these fleeting signals to express their inner pain, while only 50 of the 15000 people who participated in the Aikman experiment can see these signals without training.

He called these people "geniuses". But Aikman said that with some training, almost everyone can master this skill.

He should know that since his most famous book Lying was first published in the mid-1980s, he has often received invitations from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Transportation Security Administration, the Immigration Bureau, anti-terrorism investigators and police around the world. The purpose of inviting Aikman is not only to help solve the case, but also to teach them how to use this technology. He also holds seminars to teach defense lawyers, prosecution lawyers, health experts, poker players and even people who doubt their spouses to see through lies.

In addition, he also made an online course. With the help of a CD worth $20 or an online course worth $65,438+02, you can quickly learn to recognize when people are lying. Sounds like a good TV script. Rupert Murdoch's latest TV series Lie to Me, which is based on Aikman's lies, will be premiered on Sky 1 TV in Britain this week.

British actor Tim Roth plays (and I quote) "Dr. Carl Letterman, the world's top detective and scientist, can not only see whether you are lying, but also know why you are lying by studying facial expressions and subconscious body language." He is more accurate than any polygraph. The advertisement in Sky said that Letterman was a "human polygraph".

This TV play is different in several ways. As far as ekman knows, this is the first time that a commercial TV series is based on the research of only one scientist.

Moreover, ekman also participated in the creation of the play. He not only participated in the discussion of the plot, but also proofread the scripts five times in a row to ensure the accuracy of each script. He also sent the actor a special expression video that he personally performed. Ekman admitted that when Brian Grazer, a film and television producer (the director of 24 Hours and Dialogue between Foster and Nixon) first contacted him and said that he would turn his lifelong research into a TV series, he was really skeptical.

He said, "If I can stop him, I will. I'm worried that this series will have the effect of crime scene investigation or cause a wrong expectation.

One day, maybe some people on the jury will blame someone wrongly according to the skills mentioned in Don't Lie to me. "Glazer and Samuel Baum, the screenwriter of this TV series, won the support of Aikman with their clear and serious intentions. When they discussed the role of scientific consultant with Aikman, Aikman thought he should be a practical scientist.

According to his estimation, "about 80-90% of this series is correct. They used 18 examples in the pilot project, and only two of them were wrong. But you know, this is just a TV series, not a documentary.

A collection of psychological common sense knowledge

Psychological effect is a common psychological phenomenon and law in social life. It is a causal reaction or chain reaction that the behavior or function of one person or something causes other people or things to change accordingly.

Like anything else, it has positive and negative meanings. Therefore, correctly recognizing, understanding, mastering and utilizing psychological effects is of great significance in people's daily life and work.

The butterfly effect, a meteorologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, believes that he has discovered a new phenomenon: "extreme instability to the initial value". Also known as the "butterfly effect", Asian butterflies flap their wings, and in a few months, a tornado will be worse than the strong wind in the United States! The butterfly effect is about the influence of "one thing" on the results, just like the results calculated by changing only a little data will differ by a hundred thousand miles.

The barrel effect How much water a barrel can hold depends on the shortest board. This is the famous "barrel effect" herding effect. Sheep (collective) is a very messy organization. Usually, everyone runs blindly together.

If a sheep finds a fertile green grassland and eats fresh grass there, later sheep will plunge into the grass there, completely ignoring the wolves eyeing nearby, or not seeing other better grass. Catfish effect Norwegians love sardines. After catching sardines at sea, if they can reach Hong Kong alive, the selling price will be several times higher than that of dead fish.

However, because sardines are lazy by nature, do not like sports and have a long way to return, sardines caught often die as soon as they return to the dock. Only a fisherman's sardines are always alive because there is a catfish in his fish tank.

It turns out that catfish will swim around because of unfamiliar environment after being put into the fish tank. When sardines find this alien molecule, they will become nervous and swim faster. In this way, the sardines will return to the port alive. This is the so-called "catfish effect"

Halo effect People's cognition and judgment of people often only start from the part, spread it to get the overall impression, that is, they often generalize from the part. If a person is marked as good, he will be shrouded in a positive aura and be endowed with all good qualities; If a person is marked as bad, he is shrouded in a negative aura and is considered to have all kinds of bad qualities.

The first impression effect made both students answer half of the 30 questions correctly, but the question that made student A answer correctly appeared in the previous 15 question as far as possible, while the question that made student B answer correctly appeared in the last 15 question as far as possible. Then some subjects evaluated the two students: Who is smarter than the other one? The results show that most of the subjects think that student A is smarter. This is the first impression effect.

The first impression effect is the impression people leave in the first communication, which forms and occupies a dominant position in the other person's mind. When recency effect appeared in a variety of * * * at a time, the formation of his impression mainly depended on the * * * that appeared later, that is, in the process of communication, our latest and latest understanding of others occupied the main position, which covered up the previous evaluation of others, so it was also called "novelty effect".

Friends I haven't seen for years, what impressed me most in my mind is actually the scene when I left; A friend always makes you angry, but there are only two or three reasons to be angry, which is also the performance of recency effect. These two phenomena are very common in study and interpersonal communication.

Pygmalion effect (self-test prediction) implies that people's emotions and thoughts are influenced by others' subconscious to varying degrees. People will unconsciously accept the influence and hints of people they like, admire, trust and appreciate.

This tip is just one of the cornerstones to make your dream come true ... Matthew effect refers to the phenomenon that the better the worse, the more and less. The name comes from a fable in Matthew in the Bible.

Robert Morton summed up the "Matthew effect" as: once any individual, group or region achieves success and progress in a certain aspect (such as money, reputation, status, etc.). ), it will produce an accumulated advantage and have more opportunities to achieve greater success and progress. This word was later borrowed by economists, reflecting the phenomenon of unfair income distribution in economics that the poor are getting poorer and poorer, the rich are getting richer and richer, and the winner takes all.

Generally speaking, people tend to like people who are smart and have small shortcomings, which is called "Young Ba Jiao effect" in psychology. It means that a wise man accidentally makes a little mistake, which not only does not affect his advantages, but makes people feel that he will make mistakes just like ordinary people, and has an ordinary side, which makes people feel good.

1. Having sex with the leader-that is, holding the boss's thigh effect-the secret Hercules effect of interview and anti-interview-hating your leader will push you into a dead corner-the waterfall psychological effect of the leader expecting you to say "no"-put a sentry Babel rule on your mouth-be careful! Unconsciously, it has come out ........................................................................................................................................................................ Purple Genik effect-eagle effect-shines early, at least let others think you can do it! The status effect-kicking the cat when you have a position-is criticized, so don't lose the emotional cost feedback effect-your silence will make your boss very uneasy-retina effect-you want to be promoted and observe the leadership sitting effect with your brain-where will you sit in the meeting? Johnson effect-at the critical moment, real masters will forget their own crab effect-the "claw" homomorphism psychological effect that leaders will pay attention to-the other side that cannot be seen through. Second, improve the relationship between colleagues-from independence to interdependence-aronson effect-don't let others think that you are better than Malone before pretending Hawthorne effect and complaining.

Ask for some psychological knowledge

1. If you want to study psychology systematically, you must study general psychology (the most basic and introductory book of psychology), developmental psychology (child psychology), social psychology, educational psychology, psychological consultation and counseling, personality psychology, abnormal psychology, experimental psychology, psychostatistics, psychometrics, etc.

2. I just want to know about psychological knowledge recommendation: interpersonal psychology (people teach politics, etc.), mental health (Li Dan taught in Guangxi), social psychology (Peking University), personality psychology (Gao Yuxiang of Beijing Normal University), cognitive psychology (Gao Yuxiang of Liaoning University), psychological counseling and psychotherapy (Peking University). 3. I want to read some psychological works instead of textbooks. If you are interested, you can choose more: Body Language Code (Aaron Pease), Moral Warning (Sade), Totem and Taboo (Freud), Unlocking the Secret of Your Personality (Zhang, Zhang), A Heart that Discovers Yourself (Clifford Beers) and Night of the Soul (Thomas Moore).