During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, high-skilled talents will be further expanded, and new growth points and new employment patterns will continue to develop and change, which urgently requires workers to upgrade their human capital and professional skills. During the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, high-skilled talents will be further expanded.
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the number of highly skilled talents will further increase by 1 person. According to the Voice of China News and Newspaper Summary, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and other departments have recently studied and compiled the "Tenth Five-Year" vocational skills training plan (hereinafter referred to as the plan). The Plan clearly states that the specific target from 2002/KLOC-0 to 2025 is to organize and implement vocational skills training subsidized by the government for more than 75 million people.
At present, the total number of highly skilled talents in China has exceeded 50 million. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, new growth points and new forms of employment are constantly developing and changing, which urgently requires workers to upgrade their human capital and vocational skills. The plan proposes that by 2025, the lifelong vocational skills training system will be improved, and the team of innovative, applied and skilled talents will continue to grow and develop.
Tang Tao, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security: The specific goal is to organize and implement government subsidy training for more than 75 million people, including vocational skills training for migrant workers for more than 30 million people; More than 40 million people have obtained vocational qualification certificates or vocational skill level certificates, of which more than 8 million people have high-skilled talents who can reach senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians; 200 public training bases have been added.
Liu Kang, director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Vocational Capacity Building Department, responded that workers are unwilling to be workers, and their skills are not attractive enough for employment, so the current "ceiling" and "invisible door" should be broken.
Liu Kang: Explore and expand the "new eight-level" vocational skill grading system for skilled personnel; Skilled talents, specialized technical talents and other corresponding talents can pass; Improve the evaluation system of skilled personnel. At the same time, enterprises that carry out apprenticeship training are given corresponding vocational training subsidies to promote the growth of the younger generation of skilled personnel.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we will further strengthen High-skilled Talents 2 as the first five-year national special plan for vocational skills training in China. The Tenth Five-Year Plan for Vocational Skills Training (hereinafter referred to as the Plan) was recently announced. What are the highlights of Planning? What are the goals and priorities of future vocational skills training? How to improve the career development channel of skilled workers and raise the treatment level of skilled talents? At the routine briefing on the State Council policy held by the State Council on June 7, 65438/KLOC-0, the heads of relevant departments introduced the planning and released a series of important signals.
The cultivation of high-level skilled personnel has become a "top priority"
The data shows that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, nearly 654.38 billion subsidized vocational skills training was organized by national organizations; Among them, more than 30 million employees are trained, more than 40 million migrant workers and more than 9 million poor laborers. Technical education can transport more than 1 10,000 graduates every year, and carry out vocational skills training for more than 4 million people. The total number of skilled talents in China exceeds 200 million, and the total number of highly skilled talents exceeds 50 million.
Tang Tao, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, new growth points and new forms of employment were constantly developing and changing, which urgently required workers to upgrade their human capital and professional skills. At the same time, vocational training also faces some new challenges. First, the cultivation of skilled personnel does not meet the requirements of industrial transformation and upgrading and technological progress; Second, the dilemma of "difficult employment" and "difficult recruitment" coexist; Third, the basic ability of training is weak.
As the first national five-year special plan for vocational skills training in China, the plan proposes that by 2025, more than 75 million people will receive government-funded training, including more than 30 million migrant workers' vocational skills training. More than 40 million people have obtained vocational qualification certificates or vocational skill level certificates, of which more than 8 million people have high-skilled talents who can reach senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians; 200 public training bases have been added.
The plan puts forward five key tasks: First, improve the lifelong vocational skills training system. Second, improve the supply capacity of training. The third is to improve the quality of vocational skills training. The fourth is to strengthen the standardization of vocational skills training. The fifth is to improve the career development channels of skilled personnel and strengthen the evaluation, incentive and guarantee of skilled personnel.
Tang Tao said that the next step will be to increase investment. Raise funds in various ways, ensure training funds, improve the market-oriented investment mechanism, and encourage social capital investment. Co-ordinate the use of employment subsidy funds, unemployment insurance funds and existing vocational training funds, including the surplus funds in the existing special account for vocational skills training, and give training subsidies, skills upgrading subsidies and related living allowances to qualified trainees according to regulations.
"The cultivation of high-level skilled personnel should be the top priority of the 14 th Five-Year Plan." Tang Tao emphasized that at present, the demand for technicians and technicians in manufacturing industry and enterprises is very urgent, and many enterprises are facing the problems of shortage of high-level skilled talents and difficulty in recruiting when implementing new technologies. He will guide all localities to dynamically adjust the funding projects for training majors according to the needs of the country in developing advanced manufacturing, modern service and strategic emerging industries, upgrade the training level, and train more skilled, applied and innovative skilled talents for enterprises.
Improve the career development channel of skilled talents
How to further stimulate the endogenous motivation of skilled workers to participate in vocational training and enhance the attractiveness of skill employment and skill development?
Liu Kang, director of the Vocational Capacity Building Department of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that in order to continuously expand the team of innovative, applied and skilled talents, the planning has put forward clear requirements for improving the career development channels of skilled talents.
The first is to improve the entire career development channel for skilled workers. It is necessary to break the current "ceiling" and "invisible door", form a vertical vocational skill level ladder for skilled personnel, and explore and expand the "new eight-level" vocational skill level system for skilled personnel; Horizontal refers to the development of skilled talents, specialized talents and other corresponding talents.
The second is to improve the evaluation system of skilled personnel. Improve the evaluation system of skilled personnel oriented by professional ability, focusing on work performance and paying attention to the cultivation of craftsman spirit and professional ethics. Fully implement the independent evaluation of enterprise skilled talents, and the evaluation results are linked to the use and treatment.
The third is to improve the treatment level of skilled personnel. Promote the implementation of the important document "Guidelines for Salary Distribution of Skilled Talents" and guide enterprises to establish and improve the salary distribution system that conforms to the characteristics of skilled talents; Promote enterprises to establish a normal wage growth mechanism and explore skill incentives.
The fourth is to strengthen the recognition and encouragement of skilled talents. We will improve the system of commending and rewarding skilled personnel who are encouraged by the state and rewarded by employers. Increase the tilt of commending high-skilled talents at all levels. We should do a good job in the selection and commendation of "Chinese Skills Award" and "National Technical Experts" and give them higher treatment.
Fifth, extensive vocational skills competition. It is necessary to build a platform for skilled talents to show their exquisite skills, promote skilled talents to realize their skills and serve the country, and create opportunities for them to shine.
At the same time, to promote the new apprenticeship system with China characteristics in enterprises is to give corresponding vocational training subsidies to enterprises that carry out apprenticeship training through school-enterprise cooperation and work-study alternation, so as to promote the growth of the younger generation of skilled personnel.
Put forward the combination of production and training for the first time to promote high-quality employment.
The key to developing vocational skills training is to do everything possible to improve the quality of vocational skills training, promote high-quality employment and promote high-quality development through high-quality training.
Ha Zengyou, director of the Employment Income Distribution and Consumption Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the planning adheres to the combination of problem orientation and goal orientation, firmly grasps the "bull nose" of improving training quality, and puts forward the concept and measures of combining production and training for the first time. It is to train closely around the needs of industrial development and the needs of enterprises' own production and operation. The core essence is to effectively improve the accuracy and effectiveness of training.
Ha Zengyou said that in the next step, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with relevant departments, will make precise efforts from both ends of supply and demand in accordance with the concept of combining production and training, and promote the implementation of training plans and achieve practical results.
From the supply side, it is mainly to promote the expansion and quality improvement of vocational skills training. For enterprises, it is important to play the role of training subject. As a government department, it should fully respect the wishes of enterprises, help enterprises implement preferential tax policies and training-related subsidy policies, and truly support enterprises to carry out multi-level and large-scale pre-job training, on-the-job training, job security training and job transfer training. At the same time, support leading enterprises and large enterprises in the industry to establish their own staff training institutions and carry out training for their employees, including employees of small and medium-sized enterprises with high industrial chain correlation.
For colleges and universities, it is very important to improve the pertinence of training content. Support and guide 1 10,000 vocational colleges and technical colleges to give full play to their teachers' advantages, constantly improve the fit between the training content and the needs of enterprises, and promote the integration of production and education and the cooperation between schools and enterprises to achieve practical results. The next step must be to increase the openness of colleges and universities to employees and key employment groups.
For all kinds of training institutions, the focus is on healthy and orderly development. It will provide all-round services for all kinds of training institutions to carry out normal vocational skills training, and will also accelerate standardized management.
For all kinds of public training bases, it is important to play a basic supporting role. Further improve industrial enterprises, technical colleges, vocational colleges and various training institutions, and carry out training by using the relevant systems of public training bases to further realize the sharing of training resources. It is necessary to improve the accessibility and convenience of training resources for key employment groups such as college graduates, migrant workers and retired military personnel.
From the demand side, it is mainly to fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of the broad masses of workers to participate in vocational skills training. The key here is to have both. The first is that individuals have the will, and the second is that the government has practical measures.
"Continue to increase investment in vocational skills training, effectively improve the treatment level of skilled workers, and promote more skilled workers to enter the ranks of middle-income groups as soon as possible." Ha Zengyou said.
High-skilled talents will be further strengthened during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period. Recently, the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" for vocational skills training was officially issued, which put forward new requirements and made new arrangements for China's future vocational skills training.
What are the objectives and priorities of China's vocational skills training development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period? How to adapt to the new economy, new format and new model? What are the innovative measures? On the 7th, the State Council held a routine briefing on the State Council policy to respond to social concerns.
6543817 October, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy. Tang Tao, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Ha Zengyou, Director of Employment Income Distribution and Consumption Department of National Development and Reform Commission, and Liu Kang, Director of Vocational Capacity Building Department of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, introduced the tenth five-year plan of vocational skills training and answered questions from reporters. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Liu Jian)
Clear future goals and attach importance to implementation.
"The plan proposes that by 2025, the lifelong vocational skills training system will be improved, and the vocational skills training system for * * * * will be improved. The team of innovative, applied and skilled talents will continue to grow and develop, and vocational skills training services will be more effective." Tang Tao, vice minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said.
At the meeting, Tang Tao gave a set of data for future specific goals:
-organizing and implementing more than 75 million person-times of government subsidy training, including more than 30 million person-times of migrant workers' vocational skills training;
-More than 40 million people have obtained vocational qualification certificates or vocational skill level certificates, of which more than 8 million are highly skilled talents who can reach senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians;
-200 public training bases were added.
At the same time, the plan puts forward five key tasks, such as perfecting the lifelong vocational skills training system, improving the training supply capacity, improving the quality of vocational skills training, strengthening the standardization of vocational skills training, and improving the career development channels for skilled personnel.
The direction is clear, and the focus is on implementation. Tang Tao said that it is necessary to strengthen overall planning and organizational leadership, raise funds through multiple channels, improve the market-oriented investment mechanism, encourage social capital investment, and make overall use of employment subsidy funds.
Compared with the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the number of trainees decreased a lot during the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period. "The difference in quality does not mean that the amount of training and the scale of training are reduced. The most important thing is to cultivate high-level skilled talents as the top priority of the 14 th Five-Year Plan. " Tang Tao believes that the demand for technicians and technicians in manufacturing industry and enterprises is very urgent at present, and many enterprises are facing the problems of shortage of high-level skilled talents and insufficient recruitment. To this end, it will guide all localities to dynamically adjust training majors and set up subsidy projects according to the needs of national development, improve the training level, and cultivate more skilled talents for enterprises.
The new economy has a new boost, and the "old problems" have taken a new path.
The new economy represented by big data and Internet of Things continues to penetrate into various industries, attracting a large number of employed people. How to speed up the "digital pace" of vocational training? Liu Kang, director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Vocational Ability Department, gave five "help":
-Revise the occupational classification ceremony, mark the digital skills occupations specially, actively develop new digital skills occupations, and formulate professional standards and evaluation norms for digital skills occupations.
-release training standards and curriculum plans, increase the development of vocational skills training materials related to digital skills, and organize the development of general quality training materials for digital skills.
-Promote the identification of vocational skills related to digital skills, introduce digital technology and innovate evaluation methods.
—— To guide all localities to promote digital skill occupations as corresponding contents when launching various competitions, and comprehensively promote the upgrading of digital skills.
—— Cultivate a number of high-skilled talent training bases and skill master studios with digital skills training advantages, select and cultivate a number of high-quality vocational colleges for digital skills training, and create a number of regional digital skills training bases with outstanding functions and rich resources.
The new economy has new help, and the "old problems" also have new paths. In view of the problem that many workers are unwilling to be workers and their skills are not attractive enough for employment, Liu Kang said that it is necessary to form a vertical vocational skill level ladder for skilled personnel, explore and expand the "new eight-level" vocational skill level system for skilled personnel, and form a horizontal development path for skilled personnel and specialized personnel.
Improve the evaluation system of skilled personnel, improve the treatment level of skilled personnel, strengthen the recognition and encouragement of skilled personnel, extensively carry out vocational skills competitions, and promote the new apprenticeship system of enterprises with China characteristics ... A series of "gift packages" to promote the development of skilled personnel are being launched one after another, boosting the dream of skilled personnel to become talents and serve the country.
Let vocational skills training really expand the scale and improve the quality.
The plan released this time clearly proposes to further broaden the career development channels for skilled workers.
"Some people are already senior technicians in their thirties and forties. After he reaches the age of 50, his career will never improve again. If he develops upward, he will break through this' ceiling' and let him develop into a special technician or even a higher level. " Tang Tao said.
In terms of improving training supply capacity, Tang Tao said that in the past, there were more low-end training and less high-end training in vocational skills training, so more training institutions, vocational colleges and enterprises should be encouraged to participate in higher-quality vocational skills training.
Adapting to industrial development, promoting the combination of production and education with high quality, and promoting the effective connection between industrial chain and vocational skills training chain are also a highlight of the plan.
Ha Zengyou, director of the Employment, Income Distribution and Consumption Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, introduced that the planning first proposed the concept and measures of combining production with learning. "The combination of production and training means training closely around the needs of industrial development and the needs of enterprises' own production and operation. The core essence is to effectively improve the accuracy and effectiveness of training. "
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, whether vocational skills training can be really expanded and improved depends on giving full play to the main role of enterprises in training and improving the pertinence of training content in colleges and universities. All kinds of training institutions pay attention to healthy and orderly development and give play to the basic supporting role of all kinds of public training bases.
Ha Zengyou said that government departments should vigorously create a social orientation of "glorious labor, valuable skills and great creation" and effectively improve the treatment level of skilled workers; The broad masses of workers should take part in vocational skills training in a down-to-earth manner, study hard, master the real skills of employment and entrepreneurship, and be a "golden rice bowl" for hard work and innovation.