What is sandplay therapy?
Swiss Jungian analytical psychologist Dora? 6? Calvin (1) is the official founder of sandplay therapy. Based on the unconscious theory of psychoanalysis, it is the basis of sandplay therapy to play a prototype and symbolic role in sandplay and realize the therapeutic effect of psychoanalysis. 1980 the establishment of the international sandplay therapy society also marks the maturity of sandplay therapy system, which includes decades of accumulation and preparation. We can trace its historical evolution through three main founders. 1939, inspired by Welles's "floor game", a pediatrician in London, England condensed the "floor game" into a box with limited space and regarded it as a therapeutic technique. At first, the collected toy models were put in boxes for children to play in. Children call this box "Magic Box". After arranging toys and boxes, this child psychotherapy method is named "World Technology". Calve, a Swiss psychoanalyst, accepted Launfeld's guidance and combined it with C.G.Jung's symbolic theory and prototype theory of analytical psychology, creating a "free and protected space" for visitors. Visitors can express their unconscious world by using toys and models in the sandbox, which can make patients heal themselves. Calvi pays special attention to the establishment of trust relationship between therapists and patients, and calls the relationship between therapists and patients "mother-child integration". Calaf named her theory and operation developed on the basis of predecessors as "sand table game" (Kalff, 1980). With the deepening of research, Calaf realized that the process of sand table play has the characteristics of natural therapy. In this process, prototypes, symbols and inner spiritual world are easy to show. Showing these objective beings in a free and safe atmosphere can promote the formation of the overall image and create opportunities for self-presentation. Calaf further believes that it is necessary to show self-nature in the sand table, because self-nature is the basis of self-development and strengthening. When the relationship between self and self is established, the overall performance of the individual will be more balanced and decent. Calaf has held many lectures, research and training courses in Europe, the United States and Japan. Through this practical contact, Calaf established a psychotherapy group that applied sandplay therapy all over the world. 1985, jung analysts from five different countries and Calaf established the international sandplay therapy association, and the American sandplay therapy association (STA) was established in 1988. 199 1 sandplay therapy magazine was officially launched. At present, there are dozens of sandplay therapy organizations and professional research institutions in the world. As an independent psychotherapy system, sandplay therapy has long existed and played a positive role. During the period of 1962, Kazuo Hehe learned this technology from Kauff while studying at Jung Institute in Switzerland, and introduced it to Japan. In Japan, sandplay therapy has been affirmed to a considerable extent and has become one of the mainstream psychotherapy methods. Sand table therapy can be used as the experience of psychological activity projection of normal people. Putting sand tools in the sand table can create a psychological world corresponding to his or her inner state and show a wonderful spiritual garden. At the same time, it is also an effective method of mental health education for teenagers, which can play a positive role in cultivating self-confidence and personality and developing imagination and creativity. Basically, all kinds of psychological problems and psychological obstacles can be used as the treatment category of this method. Sandplay, as a comprehensive psychotherapy system, especially as one of the mainstream developments combining psychoanalytic technology with art and expressive psychotherapy, is widely used in psychological counseling, psychotherapy, psychological education, human resource development, professional psychoanalysis and other fields. Its main functions and functions include (but are not limited to): psychological diagnosis and comprehensive psychological evaluation; Relieve all kinds of psychological pressure, tension and anxiety; Professional treatment of various psychosomatic diseases; Comprehensive psychological education technology, mental health maintenance and personality development, artistic expression and creativity cultivation and quality of life improvement; And the development and perfection of the mind aiming at self-nature. In Postscript of Sandplay Therapy (People's Education Publishing House, 2006), Professor Zhang Risheng summarized the essence of Sandplay Therapy with the theme of "Mind Unconscious Sandplay", pointing out that Sandplay Therapy can be a good psychological consultation platform to help visitors consciously or unconsciously release and sort out their psychological conflicts or contradictions in a simple and rich sandplay world. Professor Zhang Risheng believes that sand table therapy is not a simple psychological counseling technique or psychotherapy technique, nor is it just a clinical application of deep psychology, but a philosophy of life. In order to better understand, the following is the experience of sandplay therapy (sandplay therapy) in a case treated by Professor Zhang Risheng. Background: Alice, female, 40 years old, divorced. Her grandfather abused her in childhood. In order to get out of this painful memory. Alice came to ask for our help. After receiving hypnosis, gestalt and cognitive therapy, she solved many psychological problems that have plagued her for a long time. However, she still resists using games as a form of treatment, because the idea of using games for treatment scares her. At the end of the treatment, she mentioned a traumatic event related to her grandfather, which has been bothering her and affecting her daily life. Alice was very headstrong when she was young. Once she didn't listen to her grandfather, who was furious and locked her in a cage full of birds. The frightened bird flapped her wings, scratched her with its claws and pecked her with its mouth. She could only curl up in a corner of the cage silently, shivering. The picture she remembers ends here. From then on, whenever she … approached the bird, she felt scared. Even when she sees a bird's feathers, she will be pale and trembling all over. Although Alice received some treatment, the effect was not obvious. We suggest that sandplay therapy can help her deal with this wound, because this method can let her really see and touch what she is afraid of. In view of her trust in us and her desire to eliminate this fear, Alice decided to try sandplay therapy. When she entered the sandbox game room and started browsing all the objects, she suddenly froze. She turned pale and began to tremble, unable to speak. Her hand kept pointing at two bird wings on the shelf. Finally, she looked away from the island wing and cried. When her mood calmed down a little, she shook her head and kept saying, "I just can't touch them, I can't even look!" " After a short silence, we asked, "If we put our wings and feathers where you want them, do you want to continue?" "Yes, I think so." She said, "I really want to end this. I don't want my grandpa to continue ruining my life. "We gently picked up the bird's wings and feathers and put them in the sand table at Alice's designated position. Next, when she created her own sand world in the sand table, the memories of the past gradually emerged clearly. She finally realized that the connection between the bird and her grandfather was the real cause of her phobia, and the bird itself didn't hurt her. Please look at the picture below. At the end of this treatment, Alice gently picked up a feather and put it on her chest. She stroked the feather and whispered, and tears rolled over her cheeks and fell on the feather. After crying, she began to laugh, and then smiled and said, "I did it." "In the final treatment, Julius said that it is very important to mourn her past, and only in this way can we abandon the past. We asked her what to do, and she immediately said that she would comfort and bury the next dead bird she met. Alice called the next afternoon. Her voice was firm when she told what happened after she left the treatment room. A friend who knew nothing about her past abuse history stopped her in the parking lot and said, "I have something for you." I think it suits you very well. " She handed Alice a beautiful and soft feather of a sandhill crane, and Alice accepted it. The next afternoon, when Alice left home for work, she found a dead sparrow at the door. Her first reaction was to run away, but this time she didn't. Instead, she dug a small pit under her birch tree, gently picked up the sparrow and buried it in the pit. She stood there crying for her past years and feeling sorry for this small and elegant sparrow. She thinks this little sparrow sacrificed her life to release her. She wrote on the sparrow's tombstone: "fly higher, little one, fly higher." Before hanging up, she said, "You know, I couldn't have done this without the sandbox game". As Carl Gustav Jung, a famous Swiss psychologist, wrote in his article, "It is often necessary to clarify vague content by giving it a visible form. Usually both hands know how to solve a difficult problem that is entangled in thinking. "Like Alice, many of our cases have verified Jung's words. In the sand table game therapy, the therapist provides sand table, water, many objects and materials, and the case uses these props to create some scenes in the area limited by sand table. Sandplay can be effectively used for the treatment of children, adults, couples, families and groups. As Ruth Ammann, president of the International Society of Sandplay Therapy, said, Sandplay is like a "garden of the soul", just like a container to show the spiritual life of a case. Sand table is the "intermediate space" between an individual's inner world and external life, where the inner world and external life of a case can be gradually presented and self-displayed. Sand table is a free blank area, where the case uses its vivid creativity to create its own "world" and transform the existing "world". Therapists provide a safe and acceptable environment, and cases can open their hearts and express their voices. Oman metaphorically said that this "middle ground" also exists between the case and the therapist. In the "middle zone", conscious and unconscious contents can be developed and appeared together, and can be visualized concretely. This is also the place where the therapist meets and interacts with the unconscious and consciousness of the case. The box court provides a channel for the case to contact the inner feelings or hearts. In the sandbox game case, the case uses images to present what is happening in the inner world and the outer world. By concretizing the inner world, the case brings its relationship with itself to the external reality and allows the unconscious content to be revealed. This kind of unconscious content is presented concretely and vividly, which can bring what the case is suppressed or unknown into consciousness. People create a role in life to face the outside world. People often suppress their feelings and thoughts and alienate the "self" at the center of the soul. The continuous activities and needs of individuals in daily life, the isolation of trauma and painful experience, and the teaching that people should think rationally rather than emotionally hinder people's contact with the "spiritual self." The more people are hindered, the more the personality mask deviates from the "spiritual self". The deeper emotions and feelings are hidden, and the farther away memories and some personalities are from consciousness, the harder it is for us to find words to express them. When they see their unknown fields, by creating a sand world and knowing more about the unconscious content, they can gain energy and understanding that they denied before. Some scholars describe Jung's theory like this: "The cooperation between consciousness and unconsciousness leads to the spiritual integration and strength of individuals." Sandplay provides a framework for this conscious and unconscious cooperation. Sandplay has many forms. Establishing a connection between the case and the sand helps to restore the case to the place where it needs treatment. One of the reasons is that most people played on the beach when they were young. Sandplay reminds people of some childhood memories. In some cases, objects are not used at all, just touching and fiddling with sand to create various shapes. Some people use few objects, while others use many objects. Some people use dry sand, while others use water to wet the sand. Some people build scenes quickly in their minds, while others are slow. Some people create a static "world", while others create a continuous story. Some cases say that they experienced concentration and calmness in the process of sand table games, some people enjoyed the fun of sand table games, and some people experienced the pain of the past. There is no right method or right result. It is very important for psychotherapists to avoid bringing their prejudices, values and unresolved problems into the treatment process as much as possible. This awareness allows the therapist to openly receive the information that the case is experiencing without making too much judgment. "Sandplay therapy is the most important propeller in the process of individualization." We agree with Jung that the mind can naturally tend to heal and be complete. When the individual's unconscious content is gradually realized, the desire to strive for perfection under unconscious circumstances will be realized. Cases will also have a deeper understanding of different aspects of their own personality and the reasons that affect the cure. Sandplay is like a dream experience, which brings the situation that the case can't see in reality into consciousness and makes up for the blind spot of case consciousness. We use sand table games as an auxiliary means of psychotherapy. Psychotherapists can continue to use their convenient technology in their professional field. Sandplay makes up for the shortcomings of many treatments.