How can learners make their learning benefits greater than what teachers teach them?
Wen Yang Defa (leader of the research group of Chongqing key project "Research on the Development of Learning Teacher Training Resources")
How can primary and secondary school students, college students and teachers who participate in training and learning make their learning benefits greater than those given by teachers? The author believes that the following points can be achieved.
I. Input
1. Maximize investment: Pay close attention to and write down what the teacher teaches you. Can be combined with brain records, notes, photography, video. Thoroughly understand the new words and terms taught by the teacher. Do the classroom exercises required by the teacher in person, and think about why you want to do it while doing it. For the discussion organized by the teacher, we should fully express our views. Write a summary at any time in class. In the classroom, the inspiration and problems arising from the learning process are also recorded at any time. In the same class, 100% students accepted the guidance of the teacher, 80% students accepted the guidance of the teacher, and 30% students accepted the guidance of the teacher. 65,438+0,000% of the learners who are guided by teachers can achieve it with a little effort: the learning benefits are greater than those given by teachers.
2. Reading reference materials: In addition to reviewing the course resources such as notes and PPT taught by teachers, you can also read other reference materials with the same content to see how other teachers speak, what is new, and whether they speak more thoroughly. The textbook "How to Do Vivid Training" issued by the class teacher in charge of the Hunan-Chongqing training course has many vivid practices and cases of American experts, which can be used to increase their investment. In fact, there are still many books related to enterprise training and teacher training. Read more books, combine teacher's speech, PPT intensive reading and extensive reading of references, that is, read a lot. It is also the application of literature method in scientific research and learning.
Second, processing
3. Maximize treatment: think clearly and understand everything the teacher teaches. Ask questions, question, talk to yourself, talk to teachers and talk to classmates until there is no doubt. Thinking is the father of learning. "The Analects of Confucius for Politics": "Confucius said,' Learning without thinking is useless (ignorance: being confused and not getting). ""through deep thinking and mastering what the teacher teaches, it is possible to make your income greater than what the teacher teaches. Because the integration may produce new results. Learning is mainly mental work. The characteristic of mental work is thinking. It can even be said that learning is thinking. Deep learning is deep thinking. Deep thinking is deep processing. After deep processing, the input content can be embedded in its original knowledge structure to form a new knowledge structure and knowledge network. Thinking makes people wise.
Third, output
4. Output maximization: It depends on "five outputs", which I call "five output learning method".
(1) Clarify: By recalling, we can clarify the relationship between concepts and concepts-laws we have learned, and we can analyze concepts and laws to solve problems in combination with specific situations. Epiphany learning is an advanced learning method.
It is known that in this case, an object with a weight of g is suspended in the air through two ropes, AO and BO, and the angle between AO and the vertical is. What is the tension on AO and BO?
Comments on this "thinking out" output mode can train learners' abstract thinking ability. Persist in training, students' abstract thinking ability will become stronger and stronger. When they get a question, they will give an answer in a few minutes.
(2) Drawing: It is difficult for students with weak abstract thinking ability to come up with the above solution process. What should we do? Let students draw first, then think, and make up for the lack of abstract thinking ability with image thinking. The author calls this drawing-assisted learning method universal learning method, which can be used for all subjects in primary and secondary schools and for adult learning.
WORD comes with list diagram, flow chart, cycle diagram, hierarchical structure diagram, relationship diagram, matrix diagram and pyramid diagram. Each topic has its own charts. Turn words into pictures, and your brain will understand them easily. Mind mapping is a good thing. Can you use it? I often write articles with mind maps. Draw first, then come up with it. If you can draw, you can figure it out.
(3) Production: The method taught by the teacher should be independently produced after leaving the teacher, and it should be done right. We should pay special attention to the study of procedural knowledge, distinguish the steps and make it perfect step by step. Dewey's advocacy of "learning by doing" is reasonable. Because the hand is the second brain of human beings. A skilled mind. Do it meticulously with the spirit of artisans.
(4) Speaking: Mozi put forward three methods of seeking knowledge: knowing, smelling and speaking. If you can speak fluently, the premise is clear thinking. The spoken voice can reach your own ears. The process of speaking is to use your brain, mouth and ears, which can realize the use of multiple learning organs, so the learning effect is good. Tao Xingzhi invented "Little Mister". American national education experiments have proved that teaching others to learn is the most solid learning method. No matter what we learn, teaching others to learn after learning, the biggest gain is not others, but ourselves. Therefore, if you want to make your study better, don't be stingy with our income, but share it widely-teach others to learn.
(5) Writing: writing notes, experiences, inspirations, essays, papers, treatises, etc. China's senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination are both paper-and-pencil examinations, mainly focusing on "writing". Teachers' professional development should try their best to write their own small findings into papers and contribute to the discovery of educational laws. Professor Ye Lan said: A teacher may not become a famous teacher by writing a lifelong teaching plan, but he may become a famous teacher by writing a three-year teaching reflection. Mr. Li Zhenxi advocates and insists on writing educational prose. At present, 80 books have been published, and he has become a great man who can "hold up western education". Lectures and speeches are a kind of extensive communication, and writing requires perfection without any mistakes. Sticking to writing can make your thinking precise and rigorous. Yang Defa can edit whatever he likes to learn, and the "book editing learning method" has multiple goals and doubled your ability. Writing is to transform spoken language into words and spread it more widely. It is roughly estimated that in 20 17 years, Yang Defa wrote 1000000, and the number of readers exceeded 10000000.
Thinking is the brain, drawing, making and writing are hands-on and oral. Every time you go out, you will feel the joy of success, thus generating the internal motivation of continuous learning, which is emotion.
Fourth, diligence
5. Willing to spend time: How long does it take the teacher to prepare lessons? According to the relevant national regulations, primary and secondary schools are 5: 1, which means five 40-minute classes are needed to prepare. Competition, in order to have a good class, at least 100 hours of preparation is needed. How long does it take a trainer to prepare a good class (3 hours)? Learners will gain a lot if they can spend the same time preparing lessons as teachers to learn a lesson. Many learners spend too little time, learn superficially, have no in-depth understanding at all, and of course gain little. The same is true of reading articles. Readers will gain a lot if they read as long as the author writes. Yang Defa spent three hours writing this article today. You may finish reading it in 10 minutes, so put it aside and do something else. This superficial reading doesn't yield much. If you read this article, you can think it over in combination with your own study and find a better and more appropriate way to make your income from each study greater than that given by the teacher, then it may take you three hours and the gains will be particularly great.
In short, if learners can give full play to the input, processing and output of each class and are willing to spend time like teachers, they can make their learning benefits greater than those given by teachers.
(Written on February 20 17 12 12)