1952 With the adjustment of departments, the Geological Group of Mining Department of Tangshan Institute of Technology (now Southwest Jiaotong University) was transferred to the newly established Beijing Institute of Geology (now China University of Geology), and Yuan Jianqi was transferred to teach in Beijing Institute of Geology, where he served as director, dean, provost, assistant dean and vice president. In order to improve the teaching quality and cultivate geological talents, he taught general geology, mineral deposit science, nonmetallic deposit geology and other courses, and carried out a series of educational system, methods and content reforms. 1959, on the occasion of celebrating the 10th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he wrote "Giant's Footsteps-Looking at the Development of Geological Education from the Growth of Beijing Institute of Geology", which made a profound comparison between the old and new geological education in China, and he praised the vigorous development of geological education. After being transferred to Beijing Institute of Geology, he continued to study and had a deeper understanding of heuristic teaching. He repeatedly stressed: "Heuristic teaching is not only a method problem, but also a concrete embodiment of teaching theory and dialectical thought. To stimulate participants to think positively, teachers must actively guide them. " He compared stepping onto the platform to a action art stepping onto the stage and "getting into the role".
He is 70 years old. When he was in charge of graduate department of Wuhan Institute of Geology (as the director of graduate department), in order to gain the teaching experience of cultivating master students and doctoral students, he insisted on taking classes in the front line of teaching, and made a serious investigation on the curriculum, laboratory construction, thesis selection, and even students' academic burden and extracurricular activities. Participate in the formulation of the school's medium and long-term development plan, so as to put the postgraduate teaching on the right track. In 1985, he also pointed out that colleges and universities should not only impart knowledge, but also teach the methods of acquiring knowledge, and be able to use and develop knowledge, which put forward higher requirements for teaching in graduate department. For decades, he has been engaged in the cultivation of master's degree students, doctoral students and young teachers with great enthusiasm, and has made outstanding contributions to the successors of geological undertakings.
1954, Yuan Jianqi joined the Jiu San Society and served as the Standing Committee, Propaganda Minister and Central Committee Member of the Beijing Branch of the Jiu San Society. Member of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Central Committees of Jiu San Society, and member of the Eighth Central Appraisal Committee. 1964 to 1988 were elected as members of the fourth, fifth and sixth sessions of Beijing CPPCC. 1978— 1982, was elected as the representative of the Fifth People's Congress of Hubei Province and a member of the Standing Committee of the Fourth and Fifth CPPCC of Hubei Province. 198 1 He joined the China * * * production party at the age of 74. His students praised him for "being happy to see the flourishing age and being healthy, and having great ambitions."
The pioneer of salt mine research in China, the founder of continental potassium theory and deep mountain basin salt-forming model.
1978 to 1986, successively served as the director of Beijing graduate department of Wuhan Institute of Geology and the director of the geological research office of potash deposits, exploring the teaching work of cultivating high-level research-oriented talents based on domestic practice. 1980 The National General Textbook of Mineral Deposits, edited by him, won the first prize of the excellent textbook of the State Education Commission 1988. 1979 was elected vice chairman of geological society of china, and later served as honorary director. 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. 198 1, join the China * * * production party. 1981-1988 was elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Jiu San Society. 1988, he served as professor, doctoral supervisor and director of the degree committee of China Geo University.
Yuan Jianqi devoted his life to the geological science and education of the motherland. China has a long history of developing and utilizing salt mines, but the study of salt mines with modern geological methods began in 1930s. Since 1940, Yuan Jianqi has made the most in-depth and systematic research on the salt deposits in the vast areas of southwest and northwest China, and has also made great progress in the academic research on the mineralization theory of salt deposits. In the investigation of salt mines in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces, he first pointed out that the Cambrian, Triassic and Mesozoic-Cenozoic red beds in southwest China are rich in salt resources, and excitedly looked forward to the "salt industry rising with a new attitude". From 1943 to 1944, he first entered the northwest and investigated 47 salt lake mines. This is the first geological survey of salt lakes in the history of China. During the trip, Yuan Jianqi took the time to sort out the materials, and successively issued six papers and 10 Xinjiang Miscellaneous Notes describing geography and folk customs. After he came back, he published a monograph "A Record of Salt Production Investigation in Northwest China". He attributed the origin of salt lake to geological and geomorphological environmental conditions such as "the source of salt", "the influence of topography" and "climatic conditions". He first proposed that the "beach salt" system was formed by phreatic water evaporation between gravels, which was different from the salt layer deposited by brine evaporation in salt ponds. He also observed the relationship between the topographic changes in the salt lake area and the different effects of brine precipitation, such as the differentiation of halite and mirabilite in Dabancheng Salt Lake. Northwest fault basin is surrounded by mountains, "the height of mountains and deep valleys is very different", "the climate in the basin is extremely dry, and the temperature is hot and changeable, which is conducive to the formation of salt ponds". These understandings are the basis of Yuan Jianqi's later theory of salt formation in high mountains and deep basins. Among them, the academic viewpoints such as the source of salt substances, the evolution of salt lake brine components, the structural control of salt-forming areas, the relationship between topography and climate, and the deformation characteristics of salt bodies still have practical guiding significance. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he went deep into the Qaidam Basin for three times, conducted in-depth investigation and study on the potash deposit in Qarhan Salt Lake, and summarized the formation conditions of the deposit. His academic paper "Some Problems of Potassium Salt Deposits in Inland Salt Lakes of China" not only describes and reports this new type of potassium salt deposits for the first time in the world, but also summarizes the conditions and mechanisms of potassium formation in continental basins, which has been widely adopted by salt miners at home and abroad and is called "continental potassium salt theory". His research results were cited by strakhov (1962), an academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, in the fourth volume of Principles of Sedimentology.
From 65438 to 0956, Yuan Jianqi was entrusted by the Department of Geology and Mineral Resources of the Ministry of Geology to guide the geological work of new China salt mines. Beijing Institute of Geology has set up a salt mine research group, which is responsible for the study of geological conditions and the prospecting of potash deposits. Invited to be the scientific consultant of the salt industry resource exploration team of the Ministry of Light Industry. Under his guidance, the first stone salt deposit in Mesozoic-Cenozoic red bed basin in China was discovered and explored in the process of salt prospecting in Hengyang basin. He worked in Qarhan Lake in Qaidam Basin of Qinghai for three times, and summarized the geological conditions of continental salt forming potassium in China. 1957 formed a salt lake investigation team of China Academy of Sciences with Liu Outline from Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and found the Qarhan salt lake potassium deposit in Qaidam Basin.
Under the leadership of the Ministry of Geology, he presided over the research project of 1959 "Distribution Law and Prospect Prediction of Salt Deposits in China" and edited the first national salt deposit prediction map in China, which not only provided a basis for the Ministry of Geology to deploy the national salt deposit survey, but also analyzed and discussed the differences between China salt deposits and those in Western Europe and North America according to the geological structure characteristics of China. Although the actual information available at that time was not rich enough, his prediction was basically confirmed by later exploration. 196 1 year, China first conducted a general survey of salt deposits in the red bed basin of Hengyang, Hunan. He was invited to give on-site guidance. He analyzed the strata, structure and sedimentation, and put forward a new prospecting direction. Soon, he drilled into the thick salt bed and found the first rock salt deposit in the red bed basin. In the 1970s, a large number of salt deposits and potash beds were discovered in several areas in China. In his article "Formation Conditions of Clastic Potash Deposits in China", he systematically summarized the geological data of salt deposits in China, which was summarized as (1) salt basin activity; (2) Various sources of salt substances; (3) Complexity of salt deposition process (brine doping and brine migration); (4) Variability of salt deposition (including metamorphism and deformation) and so on, which is further summarized as "salt-forming model of high mountains and deep basins". This research result was read at the academic report meeting of the 60th anniversary of the founding of geological society of china, which attracted the attention of the academic circles. This theoretical model proposed by Yuan Jianqi summarizes the basic metallogenic factors such as structural control, material source of salt, lithofacies distribution, sedimentary environment and evolution and development of brine. It not only has modern examples, but also has many data bases of salt deposits in geological history, and has been tested by prospecting practice.
Yuan Jianqi has been engaged in geological education in colleges and universities for a long time. In teaching, he has always advocated the teaching concept of paying equal attention to cognition and practice. He works hard and strives for perfection in teaching and scientific research. He is a knowledgeable, approachable and deeply loved teacher by students, and also a teacher with strict requirements and strict scientific style. Yuan Jianqi often said: "A person should be honest with others and try his best to contribute to society, so that society will continue to develop." His words and deeds are consistent, and everyone praises him as a humble and sincere elder.
Yuan Jianqi published more than 65,438,000 kinds of academic papers, monographs, textbooks and translations in his life. He is the pioneer and founder of salt geology in China. His academic thoughts and important contributions to the exploration and development of salt resources have made him enjoy a high reputation in the geological circles at home and abroad. Due to the decline of his family, he joined Yuan Yingtian's family in Fengxian County, Shanghai at the age of 8, so he changed his name to Yuan Jianqi. He is diligent in reading, studious and thoughtful, quick-thinking, and his part-time family business is dying, so it is not easy to read. Since childhood, he has cultivated his excellent character of studious and inspirational. Yuan Jianqi's uncle is a member of the League, and he has strong democratic and patriotic ideas. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, he was imprisoned for refusing to serve the Japanese army (as a county magistrate). Influenced by it, Yuan Jian became a democracy in his youth, determined to serve the country and took the road of saving the country scientifically.
Yuan Jianqi has a wide interest in natural science. Love reading, profound knowledge of literature and rich knowledge of history. The experience of teaching in primary school and writing small mimeographed publications in middle school has benefited him for life. /kloc-in the 1940s, he wrote a series of articles entitled Xinjiang Miscellaneous Notes (serialized in Salt Affairs Monthly) based on his personal experience.
Yuan Jianqi 1924 entered the Physics Department of Southeast University, and selected General Theory of Geosciences and Mineralogy with excellent results, so he transferred to the Geology Department. 1929 Graduated from Geology Department of Central University and stayed as a teacher. He has served as Dean, Provost, Vice-President and Director graduate department, and served as tutor for master's and doctoral students. He has in-depth research and rich experience in geological education, including educational ideas, educational theories, teaching methods, professional discipline construction, teaching plans and teaching management. He has always advocated strengthening basic education, cultivating independent working ability and good style of study, and giving full play to the role of teachers in teaching and educating people. He has been in charge of school education for a long time. He is serious and responsible, seeking truth from facts, serving teaching with a simple and sincere spirit, and is deeply respected and loved by everyone. In the autumn of 1929, Yuan Jianqi not only served as an internship and tutor in geology and mineralogy, but also coincided with the newly opened "Engineering Geology" in the second year of the Department of Civil Engineering. Encouraged by Professor Zheng Houhuai, he undertook all the teaching and internship tasks of this course. He prepared lessons carefully and completed the teaching task well, which was well received by his colleagues. He is not afraid of difficulties in life, and the spirit of daring to face difficulties is cultivated from this time.
Gao Yuangui, Yuan Jianqi, Yang Zunyi
1929 ——1939 Yuan Jianqi used to be a teaching assistant and secretary of the Department of Geology of Central University. He has taught engineering geology, topographic survey, general geology, geomorphology, petrology, crystallography, mineralogy, economic geology, structural geology and other courses. He is the teaching assistant of professors such as Zhang Zhengping, Li Xueqing, Zheng Houhuai and Edward Parejas.
In the teaching career of Geology Department of Central University 10, he took the initiative to undertake heavy indoor and outdoor teaching work, and perfected the experiments and internships of geoscience, general geology, mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, mineral deposit science and other courses.
Under the guidance of Mr. Zheng Houhuai, 65438-0933 took the lead in introducing the research method of "mineralogy" into the teaching experiment of mineral deposit science in China. In the paper "Mineralization of Badger Cave in Jiangning, Jiangsu Province" (1936), it is the first time to systematically study the material composition, texture and structure of ore by mineralogical method, so as to draw the conclusion of the genesis of the deposit. Mr. Xie thinks that this article "... is a well-structured work with six drawings showing the structure of ore, which is absolutely exquisite and extremely acceptable". After teaching, he worked in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Anhui and Ningwu to investigate mineral resources and study mineral deposits. Because I am very familiar with the geological situation in Ningzhen area, I often arrange on-site teaching demonstrations, such as topographic survey, geological mapping, mineral survey methods, etc. In his view, if geoscience teaching can be combined with field practice at any time, the book knowledge learned in class can be integrated, and the accumulation of working methods and work experience can benefit from diligent practice.
1933 led students to investigate the Qijiang iron mine in Sichuan with the "Sichuan Geological Survey Group" of the Department of Geology of Central University, and went west to Emei County. In order to measure the profile of Sinian basalt, He, Li Chunyu, Zhang Zu and others risked their lives and climbed the cliff more than 800 meters to Jinding. 1938, He, Li Chengsan and Guo Lingzhi went to Xikang for investigation. In Ya 'an, Kangding, Daofu, Xinlong and other places, the route geology and mineral resources were investigated. On the way to Kangkang, he was unable to receive treatment because Ma Zhen injured his left leg. He just hastily bandaged the injury, and let people get off the horse's back, and insisted on going west with amazing perseverance until the investigation task was completed.
Before liberation, the remote areas of our country had difficulties in traffic, public security, financial difficulties in colleges and universities, poor living and working conditions, and geological work was not only difficult, but also a safety problem. However, he never cares about personal sufferings. He always said, "only geologists can appreciate the joy of mountains and rivers and understand the richness of treasures." Because of his hard work, young Yuan Jianqi has published scientific papers in many geosciences, such as the new estimation of Fenghuangshan iron deposit in Jiangning County (1934), the geological discussion on the site of hydropower station in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (1935), and the dam construction of Huangling Temple and Gezhouba in Yichang (65438+). 1948, the General Administration of Salt Affairs moved south, but Yuan Jianqi refused to move Yuan Jianqi, who had just entered the prime of life. At this time, he could not feel at ease in classroom teaching. He looked at the Big Dipper across the river and finally ushered in the liberation of the motherland. 1949 When teachers and students from the Institute of Technology returned to Tangshan in May, they saw a brand-new look of the liberated areas along the way, which made him sigh and encouraged him.
Beijing Institute of Geology
From 65438 to 0952, he was transferred to Beijing Institute of Geology to teach, and served as director, dean, provost, assistant dean and vice president of the teaching and research section. In order to improve the teaching quality and cultivate geological talents, he taught general geology, mineral deposit science, nonmetallic deposit geology and other courses, and carried out a series of educational system, methods and content reforms. 1959, on the occasion of celebrating the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China, he wrote "The pace of giants —— Looking at the development of geological education from the growth of Beijing Institute of Geology", which made a profound comparison between the old and new geological education in China.
On the issue of education, he was asked to further improve the quality of teaching. Looking back on his teaching experience for more than ten years, he feels that he only wants to be rich in content, clear in organization, easy to understand and easy to remember, which is far from the requirement of "heuristic". Therefore, he tries to be lively in his lectures. Two years of teaching in Tangshan, as the students commented: "He brought the course of mineralogy to life". After being transferred to Beijing Institute of Geology, he continued to study hard and gained a deeper understanding of heuristic teaching. He repeatedly stressed: "Heuristic teaching is not only a method problem, but also a concrete embodiment of teaching theory and dialectical thought. To stimulate participants to think positively, teachers must actively guide them. " He compared stepping onto the platform to a action art stepping onto the stage and "getting into the role". When you talk about theory, you should distinguish doubts, solve problems and explain concepts as you do in debates. When you talk about descriptive knowledge, you should be as if you were there. His teaching philosophy and teaching effect have been well received by teachers and students. I have attended many demonstration classes and put forward my own opinions on the growth of young teachers without reservation. Listening to his lectures not only learned knowledge, but also learned dialectics and scientific style. His classroom teaching can integrate science and technology, pedagogy, psychology and aesthetics, which is the result of his decades of painstaking study of teaching art and the embodiment of his great love for education and students. He insisted that geologists should use their brains and hands. Therefore, when he was in charge of the teaching of Beijing Institute of Geology, he attached great importance to the construction of Zhoukoudian teaching practice base. For students' graduation practice, he insisted that the topic selection of graduation thesis must be combined with geological prospecting work.
During the period of 1978, when he was in charge of graduate department (as director of graduate department) of Wuhan Institute of Geology, in order to gain the teaching experience of cultivating master students and doctoral students, he insisted on taking classes in the front line of teaching, and made a serious investigation on curriculum setting, laboratory construction, thesis topic selection, and even students' academic burden and extracurricular activities. Participate in the formulation of the school's medium and long-term development plan, so as to put the postgraduate teaching on the right track. In 1985, he also pointed out that colleges and universities should not only impart knowledge, but also teach the methods of acquiring knowledge, and be able to use and develop knowledge, which put forward higher requirements for teaching in graduate department. For decades, he has been engaged in the cultivation of master's degree students, doctoral students and young teachers with great enthusiasm, and has made outstanding contributions to the successors of geological undertakings.
Over the past 60 years, he and Zhai Yusheng have jointly edited various teaching materials such as Mineralogy, and written more than 100 scientific papers and academic monographs. The main award-winning achievements are as follows: the formation conditions of China clastic rock series potash deposits (1980, written by Yuan Jianqi and Huo Chengyu, a collection of academic papers on international exchange geology, written for the 26th International Geological Congress), and won the first prize of excellent scientific research achievements of Wuhan Institute of Geology1981; Salt-forming environment in high mountains and deep basins-analysis of a new salt-forming model (Yuan Jianqi, Huo Chengyu, Cai Keqin, Geological Review), won the third prize of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources1983; On behalf of the participating unit (Wuhan Institute of Geology), Yuan Jianqi won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Petroleum 1985 for "Discovery and Research of Potash Deposit in Jianghan Basin". Mineralogy (national textbook) (1988, edited by Yuan Jianqi, Zhu Shangqing and Zhai Yusheng, Geological Publishing House), won the first prize of excellent textbook of the State Education Commission (1988); Microcomputer Expert Consultation System for Potash Deposits (edited by Yuan Jianqi, Shuai Panda Kaikai and Peng Shengfeng) won the third prize of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources 1988.
1963, Professor Yuan Jianqi is the vice president of Beijing Institute of Geology; Vice Chairman of geological society of china Beijing Branch, later honorary director. 1979 was elected as the vice chairman of the 32nd Council of geological society of china, and was appointed as honorary director after 1984. Member of Geology Department of China Academy of Sciences, vice-captain of Salt Lake Investigation Team of Comprehensive Investigation Committee of China Academy of Sciences, and member of Salt Lake Group of State Science and Technology Commission. Professor Yuan Jianqi has long served as the scientific and technological consultant of the Department of Geology and Mineral Resources of the Ministry of Geology, the scientific and technological consultant of the Institute of Chemical Mineral Geology of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, the editorial board of the natural science series of the Beijing Association for Science and Technology, the chairman of the geoscience group, the editorial board of the Journal of Sedimentation, the standing editorial board of the magazine of Deposit Geology and the editorial board of the magazine of Structure and Mineralogy. 65438-0954 joined the Jiu San Society and served as the Standing Committee, Propaganda Minister and Central Committee Member of the Beijing Branch of Jiu San Society; Member of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Central Committees of Jiu San Society, and member of the Eighth Central Appraisal Committee. 1964 to 1988 were elected as members of the fourth, fifth and sixth sessions of Beijing CPPCC. 1978— 1982, was elected as the representative of the Fifth People's Congress of Hubei Province and a member of the Standing Committee of the Fourth and Fifth CPPCC of Hubei Province. 198 1 He joined the China * * * production party at the age of 74. His students praised him for "being happy to see the flourishing age and being healthy, and having great ambitions."
Pioneer of salt mine research in China
In 1930s, Tan Xichou, Xie, Li Chunyu, Li, etc. all theoretically discussed the causes and interrelationships of yellow brine, black brine and rock salt in Sichuan. Qi was the first person to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study on salt mines and salt lakes.
1937, when Nanjing fell, Yuan Jianqi moved to Chongqing with the teachers and students of Geology Department of Central University. 1939, when he transferred to Yunnan university to teach, and edited A Brief Introduction to Mineral Resources in Yunnan (1940) with Zhu Xiren and Guo Lingzhi, he often saw that "the family is poor, and often its food is not salty" along the way. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the source of sea salt was cut off, and the price of salt in the mainland soared. Encouraged by the geologist's conscience, he is determined to investigate salt mines and brine resources. From 65438 to 0939, he made a detailed geological survey in Yuan Yongjing and Heijing in central Yunnan. 1August, 940, resigned from the faculty of Yunnan University. At the invitation of Zhu Tinghu, he worked as a salt mine technician in Kaiyang, Guizhou, and often ran alone in the ravine of Yunnan and Guizhou.
When he was engaged in salt prospecting in Yunnan and Guizhou, he gradually came into contact with the Yellow Sea Chemical Industry Research Association headed by Professor Hou. At that time, due to coastal occupation, Mr. Hou was seeking to re-develop China's salinization industry in the Mainland, and it was urgent to investigate the resources of salt mines and salt lakes. 1In July, 943, the General Administration of Salt Affairs and the Yellow Sea Chemical Industry Research Association jointly organized the northwest salt industry production delegation. As the only geologist in the group, Yuan Jianqi is responsible for the geological survey of salt reserves. Northwest salt lakes are widely distributed and have a long history of development and utilization, but no one has done scientific geological research and there is no record of salt mine resources. At that time, the vast northwest region, desert wasteland, salt lakes and salt mines were almost all in the depths of the Gobi Desert, inaccessible and poor villages were struggling. He and his party took risks and traveled more than 20,000 kilometers in Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Mongolia for 13 months. He recorded "16 mountain salt mine, 55 pond salt mine and 19 important beach salt" in the book "Record of Salt Production Investigation in Northwest China", and pointed out: "Northwest provinces are located in the center of the mainland, far from the sea, with no leakage of water and scarce rainfall. This is an important event in the history of salt mine research in China. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Ministry of Light Industry organized a salt exploration team. Under his guidance, Chaka, Tangke and Jilantai salt lakes were drilled, and the calculated reserves were similar to those estimated in the 1940s. At present, the above salt lake has become an industrial base for mechanized exploitation of rock salt. At the same time, under his guidance, the paleocontinental thick rock salt deposit was discovered for the first time in Hengyang Basin, Hunan Province.
In order to fertilize agriculture, he devoted himself to finding potassium salt resources. At the invitation of Song Ying, Vice Minister of Geology, he participated in the discussion of work arrangement for many times and put forward specific opinions, which promoted the prospecting of salt and potassium in Yunnan, Xinjiang and the red bed basins in eastern provinces, Triassic in Sichuan and Ordovician in Shaanxi, and made progress. In addition to the Mengyejing potash deposit found in Yunnan, many prospecting clues for halite, mirabilite, trona and potash deposits have also been found in Yunnan and the eastern coastal provinces. The salt mine and Dabancheng salt lake in Kuqa basin of Xinjiang have also been further understood. In the early 1960s, he was in charge of the teaching leadership of Beijing Institute of Geology, but he took great pains. In terms of salt mine geological personnel training and work deployment, he not only participated in the organization and planning, but also personally went to the construction sites in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and eastern provinces. He entered the Qaidam basin three times, regardless of the severe mountain reaction, running between the rugged salt ridges during the day and sleeping on the cold salt flats at night, which contributed to the cause of finding salt and potassium. At the same time, according to foreign experience, he also put forward the exploration method of salt deposits in oil and gas exploration, which has attracted the attention of geological and petroleum departments. The prediction of the discovery of potassium sulfate layer in Jianghan Basin from 65438 to 0972 was finally confirmed by drilling.
After 1976, Yuan Jianqi attached great importance to the geological construction and development of salt deposits when training master's and doctoral students, and proposed that in the construction of evaporated salt, besides continuing to search for potash deposits, he should also pay attention to looking for other minerals. Although he couldn't go to the mine site in person, he visited the training base of potash deposit of the Ministry of Chemical Industry at the age of 80 and climbed to the top of Mount Tai.
Continental potassium theory and the establishment of salt-forming model in deep mountain basin
Because of Yuan Jianqi's outstanding contribution to the geology of salt mines, he was hired as a consultant of the resource exploration team by the General Administration of Salt Affairs of the Ministry of Light Industry at the beginning of the First Five-Year Plan. In a short period of time, salt production has been fully restored, meeting the needs of the national economy and people's livelihood. In view of the fact that agriculture is the foundation of China's history, he turned his attention to finding mineral resources for agricultural fertilizers. According to the development experience of agricultural fertilizers in the world, especially in developed countries, he pointed out many times that China has good advantages in phosphate rock resources, but lacks potash resources. Therefore, it is urgent to study the metallogenic conditions and prospecting direction of potassium salt in China. 1956 A salt mine research group with him as academic director was established in the deposit teaching and research section of Beijing Institute of Geology. Soon, he and Mr. Liu Dagang from the Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences set up a salt lake investigation team and served as the vice captain. During the period of 1957, he was shocked by the discovery of the potash mine in Chaerhan Salt Lake in Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province. In order to find out the metallogenic conditions of potash in this inland salt lake, he worked in Chaerhan Salt Lake for three times from 1958, made a scientific investigation on this deposit with an area of 5,800 square kilometers and a potash reserve of hundreds of millions of tons, and wrote "Some Problems of Potash Deposition in Inland Salt Lake of China" (196 1 year) and "Some Problems of Forming Conditions of Potash Deposits". At the same time, in order to guide the work of salt deposits, he organized more than 30 teachers and students of Beijing Institute of Geology to complete 1959 "Study on Distribution Law and Prospect Prediction of Salt Deposits in China" and edited the first salt deposit prediction map in China. In this book, he pointed out that the mineralization age and mineralization area of salt deposits in China are different from those of famous deposits in Western Europe and North America. Combined with the characteristics of salt deformation and brine migration he pointed out in Xinjiang more than ten years ago, he decided to summarize the metallogenic theory based on the actual data of salt deposits in China in order to improve the prospecting level of salt deposits in China. In the same year, he encountered difficulties in salt prospecting in Hengyang Basin, and was invited to give on-site guidance. According to the viewpoint of sedimentary center migration, he put forward a new prospecting direction. Soon, the salt exploration team of the Ministry of Light Industry drilled into a thick salt layer and discovered the Chashan 'ao rock salt deposit. 196 1 A potash deposit was discovered in Jiangcheng County, a border area of Yunnan Province. He immediately led teachers and students into the mining area, pointed out the material composition and morphological characteristics of this potash deposit through field observation, and led graduate students to personally participate in the research work of this deposit. In the early 1960s, according to the actual data of the potash mineralization process and environment in Chaerhan Salt Lake, combined with the characteristics of salt deposits in Mengyejing, Yunnan, Chashan 'ao, Hunan and Kuqa Basin, Xinjiang, he summarized some viewpoints on the theory of salt (potassium) mineralization. These viewpoints are not the same as those of Shazhou, which has been the theoretical basis of salt mine genesis for more than 100 years, but quite similar to some new viewpoints abroad.
In 1970s, petroleum geologists discovered widely distributed rock salt deposits in Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in the east, and also found some salt beds containing potassium, which provided abundant data for Yuan Jianqi's theory of salt formation and potassium formation. In the paper entitled "Formation Conditions of Potash Deposits in China Clastic Rock Series" written for the 26th International Geological Congress of 1980, he systematically expounded the main achievements of salt deposits research in China in the past 30 years, which can be summarized as: salt basin activities; Various sources of salt substances; Complexity of salt deposition process; The variability of salt substances (including metamorphism and deformation) was further summarized as "Salt-forming model of high mountains and deep basins", which was read out in the academic report on the 60th anniversary of the founding of geological society of china (1983) and attracted wide attention. In the summary of the meeting, Mr. Cheng pointed out that "the model of salt formation in high mountains and deep basins" is a new development of the theory of salt genesis in China, and it is also a revision and supplement to the traditional theory of salt formation. This theoretical model put forward by Academician Yuan Jianqi summarizes the basic academic viewpoints such as structural control, material source of salt, lithofacies distribution, sedimentary environment, evolution and development of brine in salt-forming basins. There are not only modern examples, but also data bases of many salt deposits in geological history. His summary of the genesis theory of salt deposits, especially his theory of potash mineralization based on the geological data of China, has formed a systematic academic system and become an academic school of concern at home and abroad.
1988 8 1 Yuan Jianqi has esophageal cancer and cardiac cancer. He insists on doing morning exercises every day and takes an active part in all kinds of work inside and outside the school. Until the late spring and early summer of 199 1, the condition deteriorated. He still fought the disease with tenacious perseverance, insisted on attending some meetings, reviewing graduate papers, and participating in revising articles about Chaerhan Salt Lake ... He put his life and death aside and tried his best to provide his accumulated experience and new understanding and views for future generations in order to better complete the "connecting the past with the future".
19911in the early morning of October 28th, Yuan Jianqi died of illness.