Involving the service life of the ship? It includes many elements?
Such as the scientificity and rationality of the original design.
And the construction capacity and management level of the shipyard.
And irresistible non-human factors in the construction process.
The keyword quality is difficult to grasp.
There will be many loopholes in the defense process. For a shipyard graduate, the scientific basis for discussion is not high.
Personal suggestions can start with the construction safety of the shipyard, which is typical of heavy industry.
The thesis is as follows: (The materials I used in my graduation project)
I hope it helps
Analysis on the Safety Status and Improvement Measures of Ship Construction
Analysis on the Safety Status and Improvement Measures of Ship Construction
Analysis on the Safety Status and Improvement Measures of Ship Construction
Analysis on the Safety Status and Improvement Measures of Ship Construction
1. Introduction
At present, Zhejiang ships have been exported to 24 countries and regions around the world, especially Zhejiang ships exported to the EU market have higher added value. According to the statistical analysis of Zhejiang Customs, despite the strong export momentum, there are still many problems in Zhejiang shipbuilding industry. In the face of opportunities, due to the overheated investment of Zhejiang private capital in shipbuilding industry, at present, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan and other major shipbuilding bases in Zhejiang have successively experienced low-level investment expansion, small-scale production development, and scattered shipbuilding private enterprises. Relevant data show that although there are more than 500 shipbuilding enterprises in Zhejiang, there are only 76 enterprises above designated size. The pattern of "low, small and scattered" in Zhejiang private shipyards leads to low investment, limited innovation ability, slow equipment renewal and frequent safety accidents. Small enterprises or workshop-style and family-style management production enterprises. Safety accidents happen from time to time in shipbuilding enterprises, and casualties are on the rise. It has restricted the development of enterprises and lost life and property.
2. Main risks in the process of ship construction
2. 1 Danger of aerial work
In the process of ship construction, there is a large amount of aerial work and many accidents. Construction personnel must use safety belts and safety helmets. Safety belts should be hung high and used low, and attention should be paid to prevent swinging and collision. No tool bag is used when transferring tools during operation. When the aerial work shifts, the staff's awareness of safety and self-protection is weak, thinking that it will be done in an instant, and there is a fluke mentality. For example, welders work on the iron tower, although it is a regular job, but they don't pay enough attention to the danger of pole-frame operation and don't know enough about working conditions and working environment. They were paralyzed in the process of getting up and down the tower and had no protective measures. Do not check whether the climbing tools and anti-falling tools are firm, reliable and complete before climbing the pole frame.
2. 1. 1 Use a ladder
Ladders are often used in production sites, so some basic safety requirements are often ignored by operators: when ladders are needed to climb, they should be moved when they are seen, and whether the ladders meet the basic safety requirements is not carefully checked before use. When getting off the ladder, turn your back to the ladder. When going up and down the ladder, hold tools or equipment in your hand. When the ladder is not high enough, find a cushion temporarily. The bottom of the ladder foot is not solid, and the ladder foot is not covered with non-slip rubber sleeve, rubber pad or bandage. When using a straight ladder, the ladder is too steep, and when working on the ladder, the tools are improperly placed.
2. 1.2 Use of scaffolding
Scaffolding has not been strictly accepted before use, and the pedals laid on scaffolding are not tied and fixed, so it can be moved. As a result, the construction workers never fall off the scaffolding which is bound and fixed, so the safety of scaffolding should be highly valued. The scaffolding erected for aerial work has gaps and probe plates, and there is no support in the middle of the springboard, and both ends are tied loosely. The connection between scaffolding is not firm, and the thickness of scaffolding pedal does not meet the requirements. Use rusty materials. It can't bear the weight of people and materials standing on it, and it is not firm and stable enough. It will deform, shake and tilt during construction, and the personal safety of operators will not be guaranteed. When the upper and lower floors are working at the same time, strict and firm protective isolation facilities should be set in the middle to prevent falling objects from hurting people. Transfer tools should use tool bags. Fences or fences should be set up below the work at heights, and warning signs should be hung to prohibit people from passing or staying.
2.2 Fire fighting and electric shock
Fire is the main danger faced by enterprises in production. Due to the special environment of ship construction, especially the more complicated environment of ship repair and dismantling, some welders have poor safety awareness, unclear understanding of the nature of the equipment, devices or pipelines to be welded, and blindly fire, resulting in major fire or explosion accidents during welding and cutting.
The following situations usually cause fires:
1, the venue was in chaos, and welding torches were thrown everywhere. Some welders left the engine room or finished their work for other reasons, the welding torch was not taken out and the valve was not closed tightly, resulting in air leakage, combustible gas leakage, air mixing reaching the explosion limit, and workers ignited and exploded.
2. When repairing the tanker, professional equipment was not used for explosion measurement before operation. Dealing with the problem only by the experience of the operator leads to an explosion during the operation. ? This phenomenon occurs in some small shipyards, especially some private shipyards and shipyards. ?
3, the job site at the same time there are jobs that conflict with open flames. Welding is an open flame operation, and there should be no fire-forbidden work such as hull painting around it to avoid explosion during simultaneous operation. ?
4. Due to the poor air condition in the cabin, oxygen is directly pumped into the cabin to improve the internal condition, and the oxygen-enriched state is the direct cause of the fire accident.
Electric shock injury is mainly manifested as electric shock or arc burn caused by human contact or proximity to charged objects, which generally occurs in the use and maintenance of electrical equipment or related power supply and power failure operations.
The reason of electric shock is often because insulation is aging and repair is not timely; Unqualified electric tools are used, unqualified overload or leakage protection devices are not installed in the circuit or power consumption, the safety distance between operators and live equipment is not enough, and the necessary electrical safety knowledge is lacking.
2.3 pressure vessel explosion
Improper use or maintenance of gas cylinders will directly or indirectly lead to explosion, fire or poisoning casualties. When opening or closing the bottle valve, use hammer, pipe wrench and long-handled threaded wrench instead of hand or special wrench, which will damage the valve parts. The opening or closing speed of the bottle valve is too fast, resulting in friction heat or electrostatic spark, which brings danger.
Negligence in using combustible gas to check gas cylinders:? Failing to affix the inspection certificate after filling the gas cylinder; The color code of the gas cylinder is inconsistent with the required gas, or the color code is vague, or the surface paint at night is coated with another paint color; The bottle body has some defects that can't guarantee the safe use of the gas cylinder, such as serious mechanical damage, deformation and corrosion. ; The bottle valve leaks, the valve stem is damaged, the thread direction of the side nozzle is inconsistent with the required gas properties, or the thread is damaged; There is grease on oxygen or oxidizing gas cylinders or cylinder valves; The gas cylinder cannot stand upright, and the base is loose or inclined; There is no bottle cap and shockproof ring on the gas cylinder, or the size of the bottle cap and shockproof ring does not meet the requirements or is damaged. During the above inspection, the defective gas cylinders were not briefly marked with chalk at any time, and they were not clearly explained to the inflating unit or the storage unit, which brought harm to others.
Gas cylinder explosion due to heat: accidentally put the gas cylinder near the heat source. There is open fire or work that may generate sparks around the place where the gas cylinder is placed1m. When the gas cylinder is used in summer, it should not be protected from light. When the bottle valve is frozen, the disposal method is improper: thaw the heat source with the temperature exceeding 40 1℃ to heat the bottle. Gas cylinders containing gases that are easy to polymerize or decompose by themselves should avoid radioactive sources. When the cylinder is not in use, it is generally not placed vertically, and the cylinder wall is heated during rolling, sliding and overturning, causing danger.
Oxygen cylinder and oxidation cylinder, the gas in the cylinder is mixed with other gases or impurities, the liquefied petroleum gas cylinder is inverted on other cylinders, and the cylinders are repaired by digging and welding. When using oxygen and oxygen cylinders, the operator failed to check his hands, gloves, tools, pressure reducer, bottle valve, etc. Be stained with grease. If there is grease, it must be degreased before operation.
The loading tank car stopped near the thermal power area, and the tank leaked after being hit by a sharp weapon. When a large number of leaks occurred in its own pipeline, emergency leakage prevention was not carried out. The loading tank car does not need to be equipped with a reliable electrostatic grounding device, and it is not completely grounded during parking and loading and unloading operations. The regular inspection of the tank car is not thorough, and the tank car was not fully inspected before being used again in a major accident. The color of the external surface of the tank car shall meet the specified requirements. Generally, the outer surface color of tank car should be silver gray, and the outer surface color of low-temperature tank car should be aluminum white.
2.4 Danger of lifting equipment
Shipyards use a large number of special equipment, such as cranes, aerial work vehicles, lifting equipment (forklifts, transport vehicles) for transport vehicles in the factory, etc., which are widely used, and the greater the possibility of accidents.
1. Safe location?
In hoisting operation, some positions are very dangerous, such as under the derrick, under the hoisted object, before the hoisted object is hoisted, around the steel rope triangle of the guide pulley, around the fast rope, standing in the stress direction of the cable-stayed hook or the guide pulley, etc. If you are in these positions, it is extremely difficult to avoid danger. Therefore, the post of hoisting worker is very important. We should not only pay attention at all times, but also remind each other and check the implementation to prevent accidents.
2. Is the safety factor of the sling small?
In lifting operation, there is misunderstanding about the safety factor of slings, and the selection is often based on continuous use, which makes the overweight operation always in a dangerous state. ?
3. Leave hidden dangers in the demolition work.
Due to various reasons, the cutting is not complete, there are many things to be pulled, the removed parts are squeezed to increase the load, and the connected parts are not found to be forcibly lifted. , resulting in sudden load impact of cranes and slings, thus leading to accidents. ?
4. Misoperation?
The hoisting operation involves a large area, and different cranes and gantry cranes are often used. Different operating habits of personnel and the influence of different command signals are prone to accidents such as misoperation. ?
5. Is the binding not firm?
When hoisting and dismantling at high altitude, the hoisted object is not locked, but the method of "sleeve" is used; Hang other objects and rub them on the sharp edges and corners of the suspended objects. Binding materials are not firmly tied when they are hoisted vertically. Once the hoisted objects vibrate, they will be scraped in the air, resulting in unstable falling or "lottery".
6. The temporary lifting nose is not welded firmly, the load increases or impacts, and the lifting object rotates and slides during air transportation to form inertia, which leads to fracture.
7. Improper selection of lifting tools or lifting points
For convenience, part-time personnel operate. The performance and operation technology of hoisting tools are blindly operated by experience, and instability in one place will lead to danger.
2.5 Machine Tool Injury
Machine tool injury accident refers to the accident caused by external mechanical force, which is generally manifested as personal injury or equipment damage. Mechanical equipment used in ship repair operations, including metal processing equipment required for cold working (such as? Lathe, milling machine, drilling machine, planer, grinder, punch, grinder, etc. ) and welding equipment required for mechanical hot working and overweight mechanical equipment required during handling.
The main causes of mechanical injury accidents are as follows:
The safety operation procedures are not perfect or poorly managed, and the operators are not trained in basic skills. Operators don't follow the operating rules and wear corresponding protective clothing and tools that meet the national standards. Because the exposed part of the machine is large during operation, industrial accidents will occur if the chips, metal wires, knives, workpieces and parts are not protected or improperly protected, the layout of the workplace is unreasonable, and the use and management are improper.
Mechanical equipment is running in a non-optimal state, the design, structure and manufacturing process of mechanical equipment are defective, and the functions of components, accessories and safety protection devices of mechanical equipment are degraded, which may lead to injury accidents.
The workplace environment is not good and the workplace environment is chaotic. For example, the lighting in the workplace is poor, the temperature and humidity are inappropriate, the noise is too high, the floor or pedal is dirty by emulsion, and the equipment layout is unreasonable.
The process regulations and tooling do not meet the safety requirements, and there are no safety measures when adopting new processes and technologies.
According to the statistical analysis of accidents, mechanical injuries are mainly caused by two factors: people and equipment, such as the operator's failure to abide by the operating rules, the lack or defect of safety facilities, the failure to wear or wear incorrect protective equipment, and the abnormal operation of machine tools.
2.6 Poisoning and Occupational Diseases
Poisoning incidents are easy to occur in the painting process of ships. When working in the cabin, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation in a narrow space environment. Not only should the poisonous and harmful gases in it be discharged, but also fresh air should be sent in. Personal protection should be done to reduce the harm of smoke and dust to human body. In the case of bad conditions and poor ventilation, more protective measures must be taken, such as using ventilation helmets, air supply masks and air respirator.
Common toxic substances in the construction process and their prevention methods are as follows:
1. Benzene is a colorless and transparent aromatic liquid. Used as solvent in paint, boiling point 80℃, volatile. Headache, dizziness, memory loss, weakness and insomnia after benzene poisoning. In addition, it can also cause dry, itchy and red skin. Hot benzene can also cause skin blisters and degreasing dermatitis. Preventive measures should strengthen natural ventilation and local mechanical ventilation, and it is forbidden to wash hands with benzene.
2. Lead includes lead compounds, such as lead white, lead chrome green, red lead and Huang Dan. It is a chronic toxic compound, which will be discovered after a long time, such as weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, pale face, abdominal pain, headache, joint pain and so on. Preventive measures include painting, strengthening ventilation and other protective measures, washing hands before meals and taking a bath after work. It is best to use other antirust paint instead of red lead antirust paint.
3. Irritating gases such as chlorine are harmful to respiratory tract, skin and eyes. Personal protection, ventilation and local mechanical ventilation should be strengthened to reduce the concentration of harmful gases in the workplace to the lower limit of allowable concentration.
Gasoline is a colorless and transparent liquid with strong volatility. If you work in an environment that exceeds the allowable concentration of gasoline vapor for a long time, it can damage the nervous system and hematopoietic system, and dermatitis, eczema and dry skin may occur after skin contact. Therefore, when working in a high concentration environment, wear a gas mask or strengthen mechanical ventilation; Hands can be protected with protective stickers; Wash with soapy water after work, and then rinse with clear water.
Deafening noise caused by derusting, correcting knocking and other operations during ship construction may cause potential noise deafness to personnel; Workers engaged in derusting (including shot blasting and sand blasting), painting, oil tank cleaning, gas cutting and heat treatment. Frequent inhalation of rust smoke can easily cause pneumoconiosis or lung disease, and irritate skin and eyes and cause allergies.
Excessive inhalation of manganese oxide smoke produced in welding operation will produce "metal smoke fever" poisoning. A lot of toxic fumes and gases will be emitted from the welding site and covered electrode, especially the alkaline (low hydrogen type) covered electrode is mainly used for ship welding, and the alkaline covered electrode is more likely to volatilize fumes and toxic gases (fluoride) than the acidic covered electrode. If these harmful substances cannot be discharged in time, long-term inhalation by welders will cause diseases such as eyes, nose and throat.
Welding and cutting operations and interchange operations are prone to burns. The welding slag or slag welded on it falls with the wind, which is easy to fall on the operators below, causing burns. Cutting means that the workpiece does not dissipate heat, thus scalding the skin.
3. Analysis of the current situation of safety protection in shipbuilding enterprises?
3. 1 Policy and legal reasons
The regulations on market access and source management of shipbuilding industry in national policies and laws are not clear enough, and the entry threshold is too low, which leads to mixed fish and dragons, disorderly competition, lack of effective and coordinated regulatory measures and administrative means, and leads to poor pertinence and inadequate management in daily management.
First, the rapid development of the industry is incompatible with management. First of all, the shipbuilding industry, as a high-risk machinery industry with multi-job and multi-equipment cross-operation, has not set the corresponding threshold in the prospective importing country. Secondly, safety production management lacks relatively unified and operable standardized standards. Thirdly, the responsibilities of relevant management departments need to be further clarified and strengthened.
Second, the violation is serious. In some enterprises, employees don't act according to regulations, take reckless risks, command illegally, violate operating rules, and violate labor discipline and working hours to varying degrees.
3.2 System and institutional reasons
For a long time, most of the shipbuilding industry is under the management of local governments, and there is no special authority below the county level. The long-term management mechanism of comprehensive supervision and special supervision of production safety is not perfect, the supervision responsibilities are unclear, and the responsibilities and rights are inconsistent. In addition, the shipbuilding industry lacks unified safety production standards and operating procedures, which intensifies vicious competition and is also an important reason for frequent accidents. ?
First, the operators are complicated. Most of the welding, assembly, closing and launching of ships are contracted by foreign construction teams, and most of the special jobs in the outsourcing team are composed of migrant workers. Because of the interests and benefits, the management of personnel is very lax.
Second, the site management is chaotic. The enterprise safety management system is not perfect, and there is no full-time security officer to supervise the job site; It is not uncommon for employees to wear labor protection articles improperly, and special operators to take up their posts without certificates or their certificates expire.
3.3 Responsibility Implementation and Management Reasons
The person in charge of the enterprise has a weak legal awareness of production safety, the subject of responsibility is unclear, and the responsibility is not implemented. In particular, enterprises that rent sites for production have short-term behaviors in safety production through subcontracting or connection at different levels. Some outsourcing engineering teams shirk each other in safety facilities, safety production management and the allocation of safety management personnel, which leads to the disconnection of management links. ?
Capital investment is not in place. Due to the lack of funds, some enterprises and outsourcing engineering teams put most of the funds into production and operation, resulting in the failure to implement the funds for safe production. Most enterprises have not set up a special account for safety production funds, and even failed to withdraw the safety production deposit in full as required. The technological innovation investment, hidden danger investigation and rectification, employee safety education and training, and emergency rescue used by enterprises for safety production are just a mere formality, which leads to poor ability to resist risks and accidents and lays a curse for high accidents. ?
Fire equipment protection is not in place. The welding machine and distribution box are directly exposed at the scene, and the protective measures are not in place. Due to long-term exposure, the shield, pile head and tap wire of electric welding machine are aging and damaged, and leakage and short circuit occur from time to time. Some equipment runs "sick", and many special equipment and pressure vessels are not strictly inspected and maintained. Safety valves, pressure gauges, fire hydrants and other equipment are not fully equipped and matched, so the safety performance and ability of the equipment can not prevent and resist accidents in time and effectively. The staff are careless and have no rules to follow.
Security control is not in place. The electrical equipment is directly exposed at the site, wires are pulled and connected randomly, the lines are aging and damaged, there is no leakage protection device, and some even have no distribution box and switch box. The oil in the cabin has not been cleaned up, and the accidental explosion with open flame still exists. The vast majority of job sites have neither obvious signs nor strict regulations, and electric shock accidents rank first in accidents. ?
Environmental protection is not in place. After the hull is assembled, it is rusted and polished, and employees can see it everywhere without wearing masks and gas masks. Subsequent hot work is cabin blocking. Due to the narrow space, insufficient ventilation, bad working environment, failure to implement rescue measures, and lack of strict implementation system and hot work system for cabin entry, painters and welders in particular are prone to serious accidents.
Safety education is not in place. Less investment in safety. Many corporate entities generally attach importance to efficiency and ignore safety. In terms of safety investment, they tend to reduce, and they don't invest if they can do less. The implementation of safety facilities and rectification measures is not timely and in place, the three-level safety education and normal training of employees are not guaranteed, and there are outdated equipment, "in service" and "sick" operations to varying degrees, which has laid a hidden danger for the high incidence of accidents. The responsibility system for production safety is not implemented. In many units, the responsibility system for production safety, the management system for production safety, and the safety operation procedures for various types of work are mere formality, and the main responsibility has not been really implemented. Some enterprises, especially some foreign contractors, such as welders, cold workers, crane workers, forklift workers, electricians, etc. , are undocumented, lack of due safety knowledge and operating procedures, which has laid a hidden danger of production safety accidents for enterprises. ?
4. What are the countermeasures for the present situation?
The significance of ship safety lies in preventing and eliminating accidents. The production plan is carried out in a safe and stable state. Grasp the basic requirements of ship safety culture and do all the work well. Ship safety culture is to improve safety awareness, establish the concept of "safe construction", and make safety work become everyone's conscious action; It is to correct the bad work style, establish the overall concept, eliminate the one-sided behavior that only cares about oneself and others, only cares about the present and the future, give full play to the greatest advantages of external factors such as work behavior, technical skills and production environment, eliminate all factors that are not conducive to safety, and ensure the safety of ship construction. Adhere to safe development, strengthen the management and supervision of production safety, and effectively curb serious accidents. In view of the problems existing in the shipbuilding industry, the author thinks that the following measures should be taken to prevent and contain production safety accidents:
4. 1 Strengthen policy guidance.
Make full use of the opportunity of national policy adjustment on shipbuilding industry, and study and formulate a set of targeted local industrial policies. Adjust the current industrial structure, appropriately raise the threshold, standardize market access according to the laws of market economy, implement the survival of the fittest, vigorously promote standardization construction through policy guidance and legal support, avoid unhealthy competition, make shipbuilding enterprises gradually embark on the track of benign development, gradually improve the management level of enterprise safety production and improve the intrinsic safety of enterprises. ?
4.2 Enhance industry leadership
First of all, the government should strengthen leadership. At present, the ship repair industry is headed by the commission of science, technology and industry for national defense at or above the prefecture (city) level, while the government below the county level does not have a special ship management department, and most of them are established or managed within the Economic Development Committee without special management authority. Especially after the implementation of the development strategy along the Yangtze River, many enterprises moved from the inland river to the riverside, and the management right of enterprises was still managed by the original town, resulting in a "blank land" for safety production management. To this. Governments below the county level should set up special departments.
The second is to implement industry management and implement effective safety supervision through the establishment of industry management associations led by the government. The third is to implement the agency system of registered safety officer to help enterprises improve the safety production management system and establish a safety service desk.
Account, to carry out production safety inspection work, timely discover and eliminate potential safety hazards. ?
4.3 Strengthen qualification examination.
At present, the entry threshold of Chinese shipbuilding enterprises is still very low, and many shipbuilding projects rely on or use outsourcing teams. According to the relevant provisions of the "Safety Production Law", the competent department of industry should strictly examine the safety qualifications and qualifications of the legal representative, safety officer and special operation certificate of outsourcing enterprises and outsourcing engineering teams, safety production rules and regulations, safety education, safety management ledger and past safety production situation, and do a good job in source management and monitoring. ?
4.4? Set up a safety production fund.
All shipbuilding enterprises should ensure the investment and use of safety production funds. Relevant local departments shall, in accordance with the spirit of the national safety production policy, establish corresponding systems and conduct separate accounting, and enterprises shall fully withdraw safety expenses to ensure major facilities, equipment and personnel training for safety production and funds for rectification of hidden dangers. In view of the potential safety hazards that have occurred in the shipbuilding industry, such as falling from a height, object strike, electric shock, mechanical injury, deflagration, etc., we will invest some funds from the perspective of development and strengthen the scientific planning and classified management of safety production according to the requirements of high standards and high starting point. Investment in rectification of major security risks. For major hidden dangers found in daily inspection, centralized inspection, key inspection and comprehensive inspection, urge enterprises to rectify safety problems in time, move forward the "zero violation" barrier, change "punishment after the event" into "guidance in advance", change passive prevention into active prevention, and truly change "want me to be safe" into "want me to be safe".
4.5 Establish a safety supervision mechanism
Joint rectification. Safety supervision, economy and trade, quality supervision, fire control and other departments at all levels should perform their respective duties and strengthen the management and supervision of shipbuilding enterprises. In particular, the safety supervision departments at all levels should strengthen the supervision and inspection of the safety production of shipbuilding enterprises, intensify administrative law enforcement, and deal with units or individuals that seriously violate the safety production law according to law. At the same time, handle the accident in strict accordance with the principle, find out the cause of the accident, distinguish the responsibility of the accident, and strictly implement economic punishment, administrative punishment and criminal responsibility investigation.
Enterprises should formulate specific work systems for safety production inspection, establish inspection accounts, establish safety production organization networks, and implement safety production objectives in workshops and teams. The contracted project of ship repair must have a construction safety plan, and at the same time, it is necessary to establish a joint system of safety supervision information, adopt departmental inspection, enterprise self-inspection, accident investigation and analysis, and determine the focus of safety supervision and inspection in conjunction with relevant functional departments, and carry out targeted supervision and management of safety production to promote the improvement of enterprise safety production and enterprise management level. ?
5. Concluding remarks
In a word, the function of ship safety culture is to create an enterprise safety culture through education and management. The key role of safety culture construction is to give full play to people's main work potential, establish a good atmosphere, advocate professional ethics and shape values; In this way, the construction of ship safety culture provides spiritual motivation and intellectual support for ship safety production, and responds to all internal and external environments with strict scientific attitude and standardized management. To achieve the above requirements in a down-to-earth manner, the ship safety construction will bear numerous fruits. ?
5. 1. Get out of the misunderstanding of shipbuilding
These misunderstandings mainly include: thinking that nothing is safe, being content with the status quo, forgetting the hidden dangers, signs and potential dangers of accidents, and losing the awareness of prevention; I thought yesterday's security was also today's security, but I didn't realize that security only has a starting point and no end. The system belongs to the system, and the work behavior is still going its own way, which makes the rules and regulations not effectively implemented. "Cure headache, cure foot pain"; I'm still doing what others used to do, and I can't solve the problems that others can't solve, which leads to the "long-standing problem" of safe production. Safety work only pays attention to the surface but not the essence, which leads to ups and downs in safety production and repeated accidents; All these misunderstandings are stumbling blocks and fatal injuries to the construction of ship safety culture, which do great harm to enterprises, personnel and offshore operations, have great influence on the economic benefits, social benefits and even the survival of enterprises, and more seriously affect the political reputation of the country. To build a good ship safety culture, we must get rid of these misunderstandings. ?
5.2? Fall into the category of safety management
The safe construction of ships is inseparable from advanced management mechanisms and methods. Managing safety, all management work is not done well, and safety work is empty talk. Without standardized management procedures, there is no reliable security. Only standardized management procedures can ensure reliable security. All departments of the company should work together to improve the existing management system, add some mature enterprise management concepts, establish scientific, comprehensive and modern management concepts, and gradually form a long-term and benign competition mechanism on the basis of strengthening the adjustment of ship production and construction, so as to realize the perfect unity of man and machine.
As an important part of the industry management of shipbuilding enterprises, safety production management adheres to the same arrangement, inspection and implementation of safety management and production management, standardizes the production order of the industry and enhances the overall competitiveness.
refer to
[ 1]? Zhu Qingming. Safety risk analysis and control of ship repair operations 2006? Vol. 19？ Number three? Page 5-8
[2]? Zhang Yongxing. On the causes and countermeasures of ship repair fire [J]. Navigation technology. 2006。
[3]? Lu hongsheng. Should the safety education of ship repairing enterprises be systematic and standardized? Vol. 19？ Number six? P.6-7， 10
[4]? Wang. Ship construction safety. Harbin university press.
[5]? China shipping information network. Zhejiang's ship exports have increased substantially. August 2, 2007
[6]? Zhejiang local standard DB33/? 630-2007. Zhejiang Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision issued in March 2007-65438+March.
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