Of course, routers are different from switches. Routers have the functions of IP allocation, routing addressing, address mapping and access control. Ordinary switches do not have these functions, and only three-layer switches can have these functions.
A broadband account is divided into several accounts and has exclusive bandwidth. You can dial with a router with QOS function, and then configure the bandwidth allocation of each IP on the router.
Question 2: What is the function of the switch? Switch (English: switch, meaning "switch") is a kind of network equipment used for electric signal forwarding. It can provide a dedicated electrical signal path for any two network nodes accessing the switch. The most common switch is an Ethernet switch. Other common ones are telephone voice switch and optical fiber switch.
Question 3: What is a switch? What is this for? Recently, I have seen many people asking what are switches, hubs and routers, what are their functions and what are the differences. The author simply answers these questions.
First of all, the HUB is the hub. Its function can be simply understood as connecting some machines to form a local area network. A switch (also called a switching hub) has the same function as a hub. However, there are differences in performance between the two: the hub adopts the working mode of * * * sharing bandwidth, while the switch has exclusive bandwidth. This will be more obvious when there are many machines or a large amount of data. Routers are obviously different from the above two. Its function is to connect different network segments and find the most suitable path for data transmission in the network. It can be said that the demand of general individual users is not great. Routers are produced after switches, just as switches are produced after hubs, so routers and switches are interrelated and not completely independent devices. Routers mainly overcome the shortcoming that switches cannot route and forward data packets.
Generally speaking, the main differences between routers and switches are as follows:
(1) Different working levels
The original switch works in the data link layer of OSI/RM open architecture, that is, the second layer, while the router is designed to work in the network layer of OSI model from the beginning. Because the switch works in the second layer (data link layer) of OSI, its working principle is relatively simple, while the router works in the third layer (network layer) of OSI, which can obtain more protocol information and make more intelligent forwarding decisions.
(2) Data forwarding is based on different objects.
Switches use physical addresses or MAC addresses to determine the destination address for forwarding data. Routers use the ID numbers (IP addresses) of different networks to determine the address of data forwarding. The IP address is implemented in software and describes the network where the device is located. Sometimes these Layer 3 addresses are also called protocol addresses or network addresses. The MAC address is usually assigned by the hardware itself and the network card manufacturer, and has been solidified into the network card, which is generally unchangeable. The IP address is usually automatically assigned by the network administrator or the system.
(3) The traditional switch can only divide the collision domain, but not the broadcast domain; Routers can split broadcast domains.
The network segments connected by the switch still belong to the same broadcast domain, and broadcast packets will spread on all network segments connected by the switch, which will lead to communication congestion and security loopholes in some cases. The network segments connected to the router will be assigned to different broadcast domains, and the broadcast data will not pass through the router. Switches with more than three layers can be divided into broadcast domains although they have VLAN function, but there is no communication between sub-broadcast domains, and routers are still needed for communication between them.
(4) Routers provide firewall services.
Routers only forward packets with specific addresses, and do not forward packets that do not support routing protocols and packets of unknown target networks, thus preventing broadcast storms.
Switches are usually used for LAN-WAN connections. Switches belong to bridges and are data link layer devices. Some switches can also implement Layer 3 switching. Routers are used to connect between wide area networks, which can solve the problem of forwarding packets between heterogeneous networks and act on the network layer. They just accept incoming packets from one line and forward them to another. These two lines may belong to different networks and adopt different protocols. Comparatively speaking, routers are more powerful than switches, but they are relatively slow and expensive. Layer 3 switches are widely used because they have both the line speed forwarding ability of switches and the good control function of routers.
At present, the personal broadband access mode is ADSL, so the author will briefly explain ADSL access. Most of the ADSL cats purchased now have routing function (in many cases, manufacturers blocked the routing function when they left the factory, because most of the telecom installations did not enable the routing function, but enabled DHCP. Open the routing function of ADSL), if individuals surf the Internet or several computers pass through ADSL itself, if there are many computers, they only need to buy one or more hubs or switches. Considering that the difference between hub and switch is very small now, it is not a special reason, please buy switch. There is no need to pursue high prices, because the homogenization of products is very serious now, and there is no problem with my cheapest switch now. Give you a reference quotation and suggest you buy one ... >>
Question 4: Briefly describe the functions of the switch: supported standards and protocols, backplane bandwidth, data forwarding mode, MAC address memory quantity, scalability, whether it has network management function, support 10GB technology, service support router: routing protocol, backplane capability, packet loss rate, forwarding delay, routing table capacity, scalability, reliability, security, management mode and network management capability.
Question 5: What is the use of the switch? For example!
Telecom has brought broadband to your home! Of course, only you can use it!
Because there is only one connector! At this time, you have 20 close friends telling you: Brother, bring a broadband to our home! Share the cost equally! Then what will you do?
Of course, only when line and I leave you in 20 minutes! Then how to divide it? Then we have to rely on the router! Expansion port and conversion signal! This can increase the number of ports! But the router only has 8 arcs at most! So what should we do? It is impossible to buy a router again! 12 left, man! Then you have to use the switch! Extend 12 interface to your buddy! The connection is cat-router-switch! If you work in a company, you can observe it if you are interested! I will understand! )
When telecommunications was slack in the past! Even if you use the switch directly, you can dial up the Internet on two computers at the same time! No need to go through the router! But not now! There must be a router in the middle! Also often hacked by network monitoring soldiers! Always disconnected!
Question 6: What is the function of the switch? For example!
Telecom has brought broadband to your home! Of course, only you can use it!
Because there is only one connector! At this time, you have 20 close friends telling you: Brother, bring a broadband to our home! Share the cost equally! Then what will you do?
Of course, only when line and I leave you in 20 minutes! Then how to divide it? Then we have to rely on the router! Expansion port and conversion signal! This can increase the number of ports! But the router has at most 8 ports! So what should we do? It is impossible to buy a router again! 12 left, man! Then you have to use the switch! Extend 12 interface to your buddy! The connection is cat-router-switch! If you work in a company, you can observe it if you are interested! I will understand! )
When telecommunications was slack in the past! Even if you use the switch directly, you can dial up the Internet on two computers at the same time! No need to go through the router! But not now! There must be a router in the middle! Also often hacked by network monitoring soldiers! Always disconnected!
Question 7: What is the purpose of the switch? What is its function? In communication systems, routers are located at network layer 3, while switches are usually located at data link layer 2. Comparatively speaking, the function of router is much stronger: it can choose data transmission path, let different VLAN communicate with each other, and effectively control traffic and error analysis. Switches are just enhanced versions of hubs. The role of the router is to connect different network segments and play the role of path selection.
The switch is used as a fast switching bus, so data frames received by any port can be sent out from other ports.
Question 8: What does the switch self-learning function mean? Not self-study, but learning function. When the switch receives the information flow, it will check whether there is a port number corresponding to the target address in its mac address table. If there is, it will be forwarded directly. If not, it will first send a query message to all devices that can communicate with each other through broadcasting. Only the corresponding device will return the message, and other devices will directly discard the message. When the switch receives this message, it will first bind this mac address to the corresponding port, and then send this message to the target address. In this process, the process of writing the mac address and port number of the received message into the mac address table is the learning process.
Question 9: What is a switch area? What is its function? The concept of zone is not on the network switch, but on the storage switch in the storage network. The main manufacturer: brocade, the common one is SAN storage structure, which runs FC protocol. The concept of zone is very similar to the concept of vlan in network switching. For example, the storage resources in one zone are independent and isolated from other zones.
Question 10: What is the function of the switch? The concept of switch dedicated bandwidth refers to the concept of hub dedicated bandwidth. For example, a hub with a bandwidth of 10M, with all ports * * *, is like a road with only one lane. If all cars are allowed to pass, there will be congestion and traffic jams. The 10M or 100M switch means that each port has its own bandwidth of 10M or 100M, as if each car had a separate lane to pass through. However, after joining this switch, only one 100M port is connected to the external network, so all computers with other ports will enjoy the export bandwidth of 100M if they want to access the external network. Only the mutual access between ports is faster.
Of course, routers are different from switches. Routers have the functions of IP allocation, routing addressing, address mapping and access control. Ordinary switches do not have these functions, and only three-layer switches can have these functions.
A broadband account is divided into several accounts and has exclusive bandwidth. You can dial with a router with QOS function, and then configure the bandwidth allocation of each IP on the router.