With the rapid development of modern economy, the accelerated pace of life and the increase of competitive pressure, people's psychological quality is increasingly demanding. 2 1 century is also a highly competitive society. Everyone wants to succeed. Whether a person can succeed depends largely on whether he has a healthy psychology of success, but a healthy psychology of success is cultivated from an early age. In recent years, with the increasing psychological problems of primary and secondary school students, events such as test anxiety, social terror, interpersonal barriers and sexual psychological barriers have led to frequent incidents such as suicide, running away from home and crime, and mental health education has been increasingly attached great importance to by all walks of life. Especially now, most of the students we face are only children, and some of them have learning difficulties, emotional instability, loneliness and timidity, fear of setbacks, lack of perseverance, and then laziness, cowardice and selfishness. This requires that school education should make full use of psychological theories and methods, strengthen mental health education purposefully, planned and step by step through various forms and channels, promote students' subjective development, improve students' moral standards and personality charm, guide students to master the basic ways of "self-cognition, self-motivation, emotional control, interpersonal communication and bearing setbacks", help students establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, and make full use of school education resources. By encouraging education, students can do everything they should with a positive attitude, full enthusiasm and peaceful attitude in their study, life and communication, thus effectively cultivating students' subjective consciousness. Therefore, it is not only the responsibility of every educator, but also an urgent task to cultivate the healthy and successful psychology of primary and secondary school students. How to cultivate the healthy success psychology of primary and middle school students?

First, create a good environment conducive to the healthy development of students' psychology

A good environment directly shapes students' psychological quality and directly affects and determines their psychological health. Creating a good environment is a necessary way to promote the healthy development of students' psychology.

1, contact students' psychological reality, and write a systematic school-based curriculum. Practice has proved that students' thoughts cannot be exactly the same in different schools in different regions. How to carry out targeted mental health education and teach students in accordance with their aptitude is the key to effectively cultivate students' subjective consciousness. In order to systematically guide students to carry out self-evaluation of personality, self-adjustment of emotions and self-shaping of personality, so that students can engage in study, life and communication with a relaxed and happy mood, researching and compiling school-based courses of mental health education can not only educate students systematically about psychology, but also cultivate their psychological quality, which is a modern educational research topic worth advocating.

2. Strengthen the construction of campus culture and promote the healthy development of students' psychology. As an environment, campus culture, whether material or humanistic, has a great influence on people's mentality. Living and studying in a clean, hygienic, green and beautified campus can make people feel comfortable and happy; The portraits of science masters posted in the classroom can inspire people to be proactive; The use of polite language can create a harmonious interpersonal atmosphere; Campus radio and wall newspaper close to students' study life can help students learn more nutrition. On the contrary, living in a harsh environment full of visual and auditory pollution will inevitably lead to disgust, anxiety, irritability and tension, and even lead to behavioral deviation. Therefore, for the healthy development of students' psychology, we must strengthen the construction of campus culture and make full use of its positive influence.

Second, carry out psychological education activities to improve students' psychological quality.

Nowadays, the psychological problems that students encounter all have the same characteristics, mainly: 1, learning problems, including learning difficulties, backward grades, exam anxiety, inattention in class and so on. 2. Interpersonal communication problems, including interpersonal communication problems, heterosexual communication problems and family relations problems. Because of my own reasons, I don't have good interpersonal skills, I don't get along well with my classmates, or my relationship is cold and indifferent, or my relationship is tense. The reason for this phenomenon is the self-centered psychology developed by the only child since childhood. Others have to revolve around themselves, and they don't have the skills to learn and communicate with others, so they are prone to conflict or improper communication. Heterosexual communication seems to be an eternal topic for students and teachers in adolescence, and now it is also concerned by students. The relationship between family and parents is also increasingly raised by students, who think that parents don't know themselves and interfere with themselves too much. We should also pay enough attention to a series of incidents in which children killed their parents because of their strict supervision, and discuss the disadvantages of family education more. 3, self-confidence, self-control, emotional control and other issues, these should be regarded as some common problems, which are part of students' growth, reflecting that they pay more attention to themselves, feel themselves and are eager to improve their physical and mental quality.

In view of these psychological characteristics, educators should change the characteristics of the previous work summary class meeting, gradually infiltrate the content of psychological consultation, and discuss the psychological problems that students care about with each other.

First, hold regular theme class meetings to help students establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. For example, in the theme class meeting "Appreciating and praising others", after discussing why and how to appreciate others, let students draw a conclusion through analysis and discussion, and guide them to correctly understand others, treat others, live in harmony with others, learn from others, overcome bad psychology such as jealousy, and establish a correct mentality. Starting with students' perceptual problems, such as learning problems, communication problems and self-protection. Design questions at different levels, set up special situations, let students discuss in groups, and let students have a certain understanding of the problems they care about.

Second, the development of regular psychological lectures can be divided into three parts: the first part is the education of students. Mainly for senior one students, we should talk about adolescent education, with emphasis on physiology. For some adolescent health care, we should pay attention to common diseases in detail. Psychological teachers give lectures on adolescent education to first-year students, including physiology, sexual awareness and self-protection. Through the lectures, students can learn more about the different stages of adolescence, uncover some problems that bother them and are difficult to ask, and achieve the goal of popularizing adolescent education. The second part is teacher training. As a teacher, how to treat students, how to respect students' personality and unique personality, how to understand students' inner world, how to become friends with students, how to strengthen communication between teachers and students, etc. Let all teachers establish a modern view of students, how to understand students from a psychological point of view, and how to respect students' subjective consciousness. The third part is the education of parents. It is also very important to guide parents' psychological education in order to make family education better cooperate with school education. To this end, we can make use of parents' parents' meeting to give parents psychological counseling lectures to guide parents to correctly understand their children's psychological problems, how to communicate with their children, and how to educate their children from a psychological perspective. , so that parents have a certain understanding of mental health education and lay a solid foundation for better development of school psychological education.

Third, psychological counseling for all students.

Psychological counseling for all students is the expansion of group counseling in school education. It can be in the form of lectures for the whole school or students of a certain grade, and it can also offer mental health education activity classes.

The activity class of mental health education is organized in the form of class teaching system, which is conducive to being included in the school education work arrangement and carried out by the school purposefully, planned and organized. It faces the vast majority of students with mental health. According to the students' study and life reality, the educational content is arranged in a planned way to guide students' possible mental health knowledge and common problems. This not only helps students to form good psychological quality, but also can effectively solve some practical problems and maintain students' healthy psychology. Due to the above advantages, the activity class of mental health education has become the main way for schools to implement mental health education.

The activity class of mental health education is different from other courses, it is not the teaching of psychology, and it is not the purpose of mental health education to master the related terms and concepts of psychology. Mental health education activity class is the application of psychology, that is, using the basic principles of psychology, according to the characteristics of teenagers' physical and mental development and the reality of psychological development, in the form of classroom teaching, directly affecting and interfering with their realistic psychological state. On the one hand, we should teach some necessary mental health knowledge, so that students can understand what a healthy psychology is, how to adjust themselves when they are confused in their study and life, and how to maintain mental health; On the other hand, we should give guidance and help to the general puzzles and problems that students have encountered or may encounter, not only to solve the practical problems among students, but also to effectively prevent the emergence of new problems. Therefore, we emphasize that in educational practice, we should prevent the deviation of discipline when offering mental health education activities.

At the same time, we should also see that people's feelings and experiences are obtained in practice, and people's psychological state is a reflection of the collision between the inner world and the outer world. The change and improvement of people's psychological state can only be realized in practice and activities. Therefore, in the teaching process, the teaching of mental health education activity class should focus on practice and activities, except for some necessary knowledge, mainly on group participation activities. On the teaching content, on the one hand, it emphasizes that the level of psychological quality should spiral and improve, and the content should be systematic; On the other hand, the specific content of each class should be targeted, aiming at the typical problems or puzzles that are universal among students, that is, close to the reality of students, because we are not emphasizing what conclusions students should get, but improving their psychological state. In the teaching organization, students are the main body of active participation, and the teaching effect depends on students' participation and whether their initiative and enthusiasm are really mobilized; Teachers are mentors and organize students to feel and experience in activities with the principle of active guidance. Usually, students' inner activities are triggered by case introduction, which can create some simulated situations for students to actually feel; You can also organize discussions so that students can fully tell or understand in the debate.

It is a necessary way to carry out mental health education in the form of activities, which is also very popular with students, but how to improve its effectiveness should be seriously considered. The activity class is very lively, and students get nothing after class, which is not what we hope. As an instructor, it is very necessary to accurately grasp the purpose of the activity and effectively organize the activity process. Therefore, the focus of mental health education activity class must be on students' feelings and experiences. The deeper the feeling and experience, the more obvious the educational effect. At the same time, it is necessary to create a group interactive situation, fully talk about students' immediate concerns or possible problems, and carry out heated discussion, exchange and sharing in the interactive situation, so as to adjust and improve students' psychological state.

In school, because the person who knows his students best is the head teacher, the organization and teaching of mental health education activities are generally undertaken by the head teacher, but some are undertaken by full-time mental health education teachers. Generally, class meetings, ideological and moral classes or ideological and political classes, social practice or activity classes are arranged once a week, and the class hours can be long or short.

In addition to mental health education activities, mental health education for all students should also make full use of publicity positions in the campus environment, such as campus radio, blackboard newspaper, wall newspaper, campus periodical (student handwritten tabloid) and so on. Open up a garden of mental health, so that caring about mental health becomes all students' own business.

Fourth, psychological counseling for individual students.

Psychological counseling is an important part of mental health education. With the increasingly fierce competition, students' learning pressure increases, and a series of common psychological problems such as adolescent agitation may appear. They urgently need professional psychological counseling to get rid of these bad emotions. School psychological consultation should give full play to its functions, and carry out telephone consultation, letter consultation, individual consultation of students and parental consultation. In the process of psychological consultation, we strive to trust each other, pay attention to emotions, diagnose the crux in a very harmonious atmosphere, and formulate solutions to problems. By guiding students to carry out self-evaluation of personality, self-adjustment of emotions and self-shaping of personality, psychological counseling can be a complete success. Only in this way can students engage in study, life and communication with a relaxed and happy mood.

Facing the whole and taking care of differences is one of the basic principles of school education. When individual students encounter psychological obstacles in self-development, academic study, interpersonal communication, etc., and feel strong psychological distress, or individual students have a tendency of behavioral deviation due to psychological obstacles, they need special consultants from the school for consultation and guidance.

Psychological counseling generally requires professionals to have the necessary knowledge of psychological science and educational science, have rich experience and skills in education and teaching, understand students and have high prestige among students.

In psychological counseling, teachers must treat students with equal respect, go deep into their inner world, understand their mood, observe their inner distress, help them relieve their psychological troubles, untie their knots, overcome obstacles, restore their emotional stability, and successfully tide over the current psychological crisis, thus promoting the development of mental health.

Psychological counseling in schools is different from psychotherapy in social medical institutions. The main target of the latter is mental patients and mental patients. In school psychological counseling, the vast majority of students who come to seek help are mentally healthy and care about their own mental health, but now they have encountered problems and are unhappy. They don't trust the people around them and themselves, and they are skeptical and negative, so they come to ask for help. Therefore, conceptually, teachers should not treat students as "patients" to prevent the tendency of medical consultation, but should treat visiting students as people with basic mental health and care, and accept them warmly. On the contrary, students may be suspicious and not come, or even if they come, there is not much hope.

Listening to students' troubles with sympathy, understanding and consideration is the first step of care and acceptance. The guiding effect of psychological counseling first depends on whether students completely and thoroughly confide their confusion and distress to the teacher. If teachers can give warm attention with sympathy, understanding and consideration, and gain a sense of closeness, students will have a stronger sense of closeness, thus treating teachers as bosom friends and opening their inner world without reservation. Sometimes students tell incomplete stories, or only talk about superficial phenomena without touching the deep heart, which is not conducive to teachers' targeted guidance, so they need patient inspiration and guidance. On the one hand, open-ended questions can be used to widely collect relevant information, on the other hand, necessary commitments should be made to keep privacy confidential and not to spread it to the outside world (to convey or inform interested parties of the necessity of possible malignant changes). It is necessary to help students relieve their troubles and let them speak their problems bravely and frankly, so as to understand their real inner world.

Teachers play a leading role in psychological counseling. In order to ensure the direction and effectiveness of consultation, teachers should use educational tact to effectively grasp the consultation process, that is, they should think quickly when listening, such as how to help students analyze the causes of problems, how to design the consultation process, how to help students clarify and solve problems through conversations, arrange several conversations according to actual preparations, and adjust the consultation process at any time.

Psychological counseling is a two-way activity. When students pour out their inner confusion, they should analyze the reasons of confusion or distress with the students. The reasons for students' psychological confusion are simple and obvious, but also complex and hidden; Some are caused by reality, and some are of historical origin. For a single obvious reason, students can directly say it themselves; Teachers and students should analyze the complicated, obscure and even historical reasons. Teachers' analysis should be guided by the situation and gradually deepened. At the same time, we should master some background materials of students, such as whether students live in single-parent families, whether they have been hurt before, how parents put pressure on their studies, how the community environment has affected them, and whether they have encountered unexpected events recently. In order to deeply analyze the reasons and convince students orally, which is conducive to the next step of guidance.

Guidance is conducted in the form of lectures. According to students' problems, while analyzing the reasons, we can put forward or discuss with students how to clarify and solve the problems. Before helping students to make a choice, it is important to help them solve their inner conflicts in the process of making a choice, because this process requires students to reflect on themselves, which is traced back to the source and actually still an analysis of the reasons. Various influences of external factors and internal factors may be the causes of psychological problems, but as a subjective aspect, psychological problems are always caused by some unreasonable cognition of individuals, and the process of changing cognition is the process of adjustment. Only through introspection can students see clearly some unreasonable thoughts and understandings in their psychological problems, so as to establish their own reasonable and correct understanding and improve their psychological state under the guidance of teachers. Therefore, it is the key of psychological counseling to inspire students to carry out positive ideological struggle and guide them to make correct choices in conversation.

It is also important to observe the effect of consultation. During the conversation, we should observe the students' language, expressions and body movements, analyze the guidance effect and control the consultation process. At the same time, students' words and deeds should be observed after consultation to see how their psychological state has improved. If there is no certain educational effect, we should continue to arrange counseling and guidance.

In a word, primary and secondary school students are in a critical period of "shifting gears" when their self-education power is gradually strengthened and the role of others' education power is gradually weakened. It is the bounden duty of educators to attach great importance to the mental health education of primary and secondary school students, cultivate their healthy and successful psychology, and make them have a healthy body and good psychological quality, be proactive, optimistic, self-respecting, confident, self-disciplined, self-reliant, not afraid of difficulties and setbacks, and have the ability to adapt to various living environments.